{"id":605,"date":"2017-01-24T16:33:57","date_gmt":"2017-01-24T16:33:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/2017\/01\/24\/the-cordoba-update-1-2017\/"},"modified":"2017-01-24T16:33:57","modified_gmt":"2017-01-24T16:33:57","slug":"the-cordoba-update-1-2017","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/the-cordoba-update-1-2017\/","title":{"rendered":"The Cordoba Update 1\/2017"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- {lofimg src=\"\/images\/stories\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg\"} --><\/p>\n<div><strong>10<sup>th<\/sup> &#8211; 23<sup>th<\/sup> January 2017<br \/><\/strong><\/div>\n<div>Cordoba Foundation of Geneva<em><br \/><\/em><\/div>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<style scoped=\"scoped\" type=\"text\/css\"><!--\ntd {\n\t\t\tbackground: #f5f4ef none repeat scroll 0 0;\n\t\t\tvertical-align: top;\n\t\t\tpadding: 6px 12px;\n\t\t}\n\t\ttd.cuintro {\n\t\t\tbackground: #F7FAFE none repeat scroll 0 0;\n\t\t}\n\t\tul {\n\t\t\tmargin: 0 0.5em 0 1em;\n\t\t\tpadding: 0;\n\t\t}\n\t\tli {\n\t\t\tmargin-bottom: 0;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 9px;\n\t\t\ttext-align: left;\n\t\t}\n--><\/style>\n<div>\n<table border=\"0\" style=\"width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;\" cellspacing=\"4\" cellpadding=\"4\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"cuintro\">\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">The bi-weekly CORDOBA UPDATE is the product of continuous monitoring work, carried out by the Cordoba Foundation of Geneva team. By analysing and reporting on key events and trends in the Foundation&rsquo;s areas of interest, we aim to draw readers&rsquo; attention to pertinent developments in North Africa, the Sahel, West Asia and Europe, which are not always covered in &lsquo;mainstream&rsquo; media.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">In addition to sharing news from these four regions, the Cordoba Update is an opportunity for the Foundation to provide regular updates on its publications, events and other developments.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">In line with the programmes and projects funded by partners of the Cordoba Foundation of Geneva, updates and information are included under the following themes:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Islamist-Secular relations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Transition and Political participation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Relations between communities of different ethnic, cultural and religious affiliations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Violent extremism and the war on terror;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">The Cordoba Foundation of Geneva in the media;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">General information.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">For questions and\/or feedback regarding the content and form of the Cordoba Update, please contact Sarah Franck: <a href=\"mailto:sarah.franck@cordoue.ch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sarah.franck@cordoue.ch<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<hr style=\"border-top: 1px solid #cccccc; border-bottom: none; width: 50%; margin: auto;\" \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Le CORDOBA UPDATE est un bimensuel qui pr&eacute;sente le travail continu de suivi r&eacute;alis&eacute; par l&rsquo;&eacute;quipe de la Fondation Cordoue de Gen&egrave;ve. Par l&rsquo;analyse des &eacute;v&eacute;nements et tendances qui concernent les domaines d&rsquo;int&eacute;r&ecirc;t de la Fondation, nous visons &agrave; attirer l&rsquo;attention de nos lecteurs sur les d&eacute;veloppements pertinents en Afrique du Nord, dans le Sahel, en Asie de l&rsquo;Ouest et en Europe, une actualit&eacute; qui n&rsquo;est pas toujours couverte dans les m&eacute;dias dits &lsquo;traditionnels&rsquo;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Outre le partage de l&rsquo;actualit&eacute; de ces quatre r&eacute;gions, le &laquo; Cordoba Update &raquo; est un moyen pour la Fondation de fournir des mises &agrave; jour r&eacute;guli&egrave;res sur ses publications, &eacute;v&eacute;nements et autres d&eacute;veloppements.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">En accord avec les programmes et projets financ&eacute;s par les partenaires de la Fondation Cordoue de Gen&egrave;ve, les mises &agrave; jour et informations concernent les th&egrave;mes suivants :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Relations islamistes-s&eacute;culiers ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Transition et participation politique ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Relations entre communaut&eacute;s de diff&eacute;rentes affiliations ethniques, culturelles et religieuses ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">L&rsquo;extr&eacute;misme violent et la guerre contre le terrorisme ;<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">La Fondation Cordoue de Gen&egrave;ve dans les m&eacute;dias ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Information g&eacute;n&eacute;rale.<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Pour des questions et \/ ou des commentaires concernant le contenu et la forme du Cordoba Update, veuillez contacter Sarah Franck : <a href=\"mailto:sarah.franck@cordoue.ch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sarah.franck@cordoue.ch<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>ISLAMIST-SECULAR RELATIONS \/ RELATIONS ENTRE S&Eacute;CULIERS ET ISLAMISTES<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>No contribution on this topic<\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>TRANSITION AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION \/ TRANSITION ET PARTICIPATION POLITIQUE<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Egypt, 24.01.2017: The Art of War in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Maged Mandour, a political analyst, wrote in Sada, Carnegie Endowment of International Peace that \u00ab\u00a0Egypt&rsquo;s massive military purchases to build its air power may be aimed at repressing an anticipated urban uprising that resembles Syria&rsquo;s. He added \u00ab\u00a0since Abdel Fattah el-Sisi became president in June 2014, the Egyptian military has embarked on a massive spending spree. The value of arms transfer agreements Egypt signed in 2015 was the second-largest among developing countries, at $11.9 billion. This included $5.9 billion from France for 24 Rafale jet fighters and $1.1 billion for two Mistral helicopter carriers, whose primary purpose is amphibious landing and assault operations.\u00a0\u00bb He concluded saying, \u00ab\u00a0considering the lack of credible traditional threats, the unsuitability of the weaponry for current counter-insurgency operations, and the risk-averse nature of Egyptian foreign policy, these weapons are most likely aimed at repressing a mass, urban uprising&mdash;with little regard for the civilian causalities fighter jets and attack helicopters are liable to incur&#8230;. the regime&rsquo;s priority on such military spending given the economic crisis is perhaps an indication of how much they fear and prepare for large-scale internal conflict.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>U.S. President Donald Trump spoke with Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi, who expressed hope for a \u00ab\u00a0new push\u00a0\u00bb in bilateral relations under Trump&rsquo;s administration. Egypt&rsquo;s presidency spokesman said that the newly-inaugurated Trump called el-Sissi on Monday, 23 January 2017 and \u00ab\u00a0expressed his appreciation for the difficulties Egypt bears in its war against terrorism.\u00a0\u00bb The Trump indicated he was committed to ensuring that U.S. military assistance to Egypt effectively supports the Egyptian military&rsquo;s fight against terrorism. He added, \u00ab\u00a0Trump indicated he was committed to ensuring that U.S. military assistance to Egypt effectively supports the Egyptian military&rsquo;s fight against terrorism.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>On 24 January 2017, Abdel-Fattah El-Sisi praised and honored policemen killed in recent years in a celebration marking Police Day (25 January), saying that Egypt is \u00ab\u00a0fighting a vicious war and the whole world knows that it is fighting it alone.\u00a0\u00bb Sisi added Egypt has been fighting a 40-month war fought by \u00ab\u00a0men who took the responsibility to protect Egyptians,\u00a0\u00bb referring to policemen. He called on the Egyptian people to support the police and all state institutions. He warned that the war against the country aims to divide it, saying that there were attempts in 2011 to create a division between the police and army and between the people and the army.<\/p>\n<p>Meanwhile, flights between Russia and Egypt could be resumed not earlier than late February, Russian news agency TASS reported on Monday, 23 January, citing a source in Cairo close to the ongoing inspection checks on Egyptian airports. Egypt has been implementing tighter security measures at its airports since a Russian passenger flight crashed shortly after taking off from Sharm El-Sheikh International Airport in October 2015.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/sada\/index.cfm?fa=67781&amp;mkt_tok=eyJpIjoiTlRCaU4yWXpPV0V3TmpoaiIsInQiOiIxMll2Mk4wbDdHWnNhODlpRTZUblJuMHZlckNnU1RnN21WWldWRThBZlV2ODZxY2JFQjF0MXJDV2dsZXYzRU1IWGtNV0ZlbFZDU3ZWeVRDQkFncUpGQlwvcEtNcFNwTXN0N0tGeXA3eUJPSXlCN01nU0dYWXIxRGRsbUhvZ01nOVwvIn0%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/sada\/index.cfm?fa=67781<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.madamasr.com\/en\/2016\/12\/27\/news\/u\/us-report-egypt-topped-developing-countries-in-arms-imports-in-2015\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.madamasr.com\/en\/2016\/12\/27\/news\/u\/us-report-egypt-topped<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/1\/64\/256781\/Egypt\/Politics-\/Egypt-fighting-a-vicious-war-alone,-Sisi-says-on-P.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/1\/64\/256781\/Egypt\/Politics<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-usa-trump-egypt-sisi-idUSKBN1572BX?feedType=RSS&amp;feedName=worldNews\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-usa-trump-egypt-sisi<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/1\/64\/256774\/Egypt\/Politics-\/Flights-between-Russia-and-Egypt-may-resume-before.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/1\/64\/256774\/Egypt\/Politics<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tunisia, 14-25.01.2017: Six Years on, the Revolution is Still Underway<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Six years on the political, social and intellectual dynamics unleashed in Sidi Bouzid, on 17 December 2011, are still underway in Tunisia. This year&rsquo;s celebrations of the 14 January anniversary of the ousting of former president Ben Ali were marked by a gathering in Tunis of the families of the martyrs and the wounded during the confrontations between the protestors and the Ben Ali regime&rsquo;s security forces in 2010-11. The rally took place around the statute of Bourguiba, now re-erected on Bourguiba Avenue (meters away from the ministry of interior), and in squares nation-wide after Ben Ali removed them during his rule. The families demanded justice and compensation: justice because many of the snipers are still free and compensation because the coordination of the families of the victims is still awaiting the release of the official list by the government. Coming mostly from Sidi Bouzid, Gafsa, and Kessrine, the scene looked as if the marginalised periphery has come to the centre of the establishment to demand answers. Tunisia has started to deal with its past through the public hearings organised by the Truth and Dignity Commission in December, but there is still a long way to go beyond the symbolic gesture of rehabilitating Bourguiba in Tunisia&rsquo;s collective memory.<\/p>\n<p>Meanwhile, President Beji Caid Essebsi, at 90, chose Gafsa, capital of Tunisia&rsquo;s underdeveloped south, to mark the anniversary. There, he announced the launch of 100 development projects that would create jobs for the frustrated youth. Essebsi&rsquo;s charm offensive was an uphill task and patience was running low even by elder southerners who turned out to his rally. In other regions of the geographic and development periphery such as el Kaf, Meknassi, Ben Guerdan, etc. frustrated young protesters engaged in clashes with riot-police. Six years on, the development faultline that Tunisian media commentators now draw between the Sahel and the Sahara, is not only geographic but also political, as far as access to governance mechanisms is concerned. The media landscape itself, although more diverse than six years ago, is now heavily dominated by business circles close to the ruling party Nidaa Tounes or the establishment that has always ruled independent Tunisia.<\/p>\n<p>Politically, the agenda is dominated by three thorny issues. First there is the pressing issue of regional development. This dossier is related to pending legislation in regard to the decentralisation policy, which was enacted by the constitution, but awaits its implementation once the parliament passes its laws and the government executes its public policies.<\/p>\n<p>The second issue related to decentratisation is passing the law on the municipalities&rsquo; elections. The bill, proposed by Habib Sid&rsquo;s government, exactly a year ago, is still pending in the parliament because political parties could not agree on how to ensure the neutrality of armed forces in politics. Ennahdha is opposed to allowing the armed forces to take part in elections, but seems to be open to exploring other mechanism for their participation.<\/p>\n<p>The third political issue that has dominated the political debate in December and the beginning of this year is the fate of Tunisian returnees from conflict zones such as Libya, Syria, and Iraq. The interior ministry revealed that it has a list of 2,929 Tunisians in conflict zones, half of which are in Syria, 500 in Libya, 150 in Iraq, and 400 in other countries, especially Europe. Around 800 (including 30 women) have returned to Tunisia, according to the same source. There is a debate around whether it is not in the national interest of Tunisia to reject its returnees. The leftist Popular Front, some voices in Nida Tounes, and other liberal parties such as the PDL party have called for banning these returnees, and even to strip them of Tunisian nationality. Ennahdha, however, brandishes the constitution&rsquo;s article 25 of Chapter III (Rights and Freedoms) which stipulates that \u00ab\u00a0no citizen shall be stripped of the Tunisian nationality, nor be sent to exile or extradited, nor banned from returning to his\/her country\u00a0\u00bb. Faced by this constitutional safeguard that is defended not only by Ennahdha but also other liberal constitutional scholars, some political parties, including the FP, have called for revision of the constitution. Others proposed to change Tunisian passports to avoid re-opening the debate of the constitution endorsed just two years ago.<\/p>\n<p>While this debate is taking place in the parliament and civil society Tunisia&rsquo;s labour union UGTT is busy this week (22-25 Jan.) with its 23rd congress to elect a new leadership to succeed Hocine el-Abbassi&rsquo;s executive committee. The UGTT has played a key role in the political transition in the last six years, especially in the run up and during the national dialogue in 2013-2014. After the adoption of the 2015 constitution the UGTT relatively disengaged from the political transition debates to rather focus on economic and labour issues, during Habib Sid&rsquo;s government. One marked milestone of this opposition was the union&rsquo;s opposition to the bill for economic reconciliation proposed by President Essebsi, in July 2015. The UGTT did not give a warm welcome to the nomination of Youssof Chahed as prime minister. When he proposed to postpone the raise in salaries agreed between the UGTT and former prime minister Habib Sid, in Sept. 2015, Abbassi criticised Chahed&rsquo;s blind submission to the recommendation of the World Bank, and even threatened to call for a general strike on 8 December 2016. The last time the UGGT call for a general strike it cost Ben Ali his rule. But a day before the set date an agreement was reached with the government to implement the workers&rsquo; salary raises. Now the union is electing its new leadership at a very difficult time for the Tunisian economy and transition.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/nawaat.org\/portail\/2017\/01\/17\/blesses-et-martyrs-de-la-revolution-un-combat-contre-loubli\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/nawaat.org\/portail\/2017\/01\/17\/blesses-et-martyrs-de-la-revolution<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/nawaat.org\/portail\/2017\/01\/24\/reportage-les-femmes-de-meknassi-manifestent-contre-la-double-exclusion\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/nawaat.org\/portail\/2017\/01\/24\/reportage-les-femmes-de-meknassi<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/nawaat.org\/portail\/2017\/01\/14\/kasserine-portraits-dune-revolution-en-marche\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/nawaat.org\/portail\/2017\/01\/14\/kasserine-portraits-dune-revolution<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tap.info.tn\/en\/Portal-Politics\/8646823-after-several-month\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.tap.info.tn\/en\/Portal-Politics\/8646823-after-several-month<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.economist.com\/news\/middle-east-and-africa\/21714967-unwelcome-homecoming-terrorists-returning-home-tunisia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.economist.com\/news\/middle-east-and-africa\/21714967<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2017\/01\/03\/majdoub-la-plupart-des-terroristes-rentres-sont-du-grand-tunis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2017\/01\/03\/majdoub-la-plupart-des-terroristes<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2016\/12\/27\/hamma-hammami-contre-le-droit-du-retour-des-terroristes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2016\/12\/27\/hamma-hammami-contre-le-droit-du-retour<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2016\/12\/26\/abir-moussi-demande-la-decheance-de-nationalite-pour-les-terroristes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2016\/12\/26\/abir-moussi-demande-la-decheance-de-nationalite<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2016\/12\/29\/pour-empecher-lentree-des-terroristes-harbaoui-propose-de-changer-le-passeport\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2016\/12\/29\/pour-empecher-lentree-des-terroristes-harbaoui-propose<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/wBMCFH\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/goo.gl\/wBMCFH<\/a> (Le Maghreb, original Arabica)<br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.legislation.tn\/sites\/default\/files\/news\/constitution-b-a-t.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.legislation.tn\/sites\/default\/files\/news\/constitution-b-a-t<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>RELATIONS BETWEEN COMMUNITIES OF DIFFERENT ETHNIC, CULTURAL AND RELIGIOUS AFFILIATIONS \/ <br \/>RELATIONS ENTRE COMMUNAUT&Eacute;S DE DIFF&Eacute;RENTES AFFILIATIONS ETHNIQUES, CULTURELLES ET RELIGIEUSES<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Europe, 24.01.17 : Sommet d&rsquo;une extr&ecirc;me droite europ&eacute;enne galvanis&eacute;e par l&rsquo;investiture de Donald Trump &agrave; Coblence, Allemagne<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Le samedi 21 janvier 2017 s&rsquo;est tenue une r&eacute;union des chefs de file de l&rsquo;extr&ecirc;me droite europ&eacute;enne &agrave; Coblence, Allemagne. Les partis d&rsquo;extr&ecirc;me droite europ&eacute;enne se sont r&eacute;unis &agrave; l&rsquo;initiative du groupe Europe des nations et des libert&eacute;s (ENL) dont Marine Le Pen, pr&eacute;sidente du Front National fran&ccedil;ais, est la copr&eacute;sidente au Parlement europ&eacute;en.<\/p>\n<p>Marine Le Pen et Geert Wilders, pr&eacute;sident du PVV n&eacute;erlandais (pour plus d&rsquo;information sur Geert Wilders : <a href=\"http:\/\/cordoue.ch\/the-cordoba-update\/item\/494-the-cordoba-update-21-2016\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/cordoue.ch\/the-cordoba-update\/item\/494-the-cordoba-update-21-2016<\/a>) ont &eacute;t&eacute; invit&eacute;s par Frauke Petry, pr&eacute;sidente du parti d&rsquo;extr&ecirc;me droite allemand AFD, en tant qu&rsquo;invit&eacute;s de marque. Cette rencontre a notamment &eacute;t&eacute; l&rsquo;occasion pour les partis d&rsquo;extr&ecirc;me droite europ&eacute;ens de rappeler leur soutien &agrave; Donald Trump, dont l&rsquo;investiture s&rsquo;&eacute;tait d&eacute;roul&eacute;e la veille.<\/p>\n<p>Galvanis&eacute;s par cette investiture, Frauke Petry et ses invit&eacute;s ont martel&eacute; leur volont&eacute; de &laquo; redonner sa libert&eacute; au Vieux Continent &raquo; et ont appel&eacute; au &laquo; r&eacute;veil des peuples europ&eacute;ens &raquo;. L&rsquo;Allemagne &eacute;tait au centre du discours et Geert Wilders a soulign&eacute; son soutien &agrave; Frauke Petry pour une Allemagne, sans Angela Merkel, &laquo; forte &raquo;, &laquo; confiante &raquo;, &laquo; fi&egrave;re &raquo;, qui &laquo; d&eacute;fend sa culture et sa civilisation &raquo;. Ils ont &eacute;galement unanimement d&eacute;crit l&rsquo;Europe comme une &laquo; prison des peuples &raquo; et ont d&eacute;nonc&eacute; l&rsquo;immigration ainsi que les &laquo; m&eacute;faits de l&rsquo;islam politique &raquo;.<\/p>\n<p>Cet &eacute;v&egrave;nement s&rsquo;est d&eacute;roul&eacute; alors que les trois parties, PVV, FN ET AFD sont en bonne place pour les futures &eacute;lections qui vont se d&eacute;rouler en France (&eacute;lections pr&eacute;sidentielles de mars 2017, second tour en mai 2017), aux Pays-Bas (&eacute;lections l&eacute;gislatives de mars 2017) et en Allemagne (&eacute;lections l&eacute;gislatives de septembre 2017). Si des r&eacute;serves sont &agrave; apporter quant &agrave; l&rsquo;accession au pouvoir de ces partis, il est cependant clair que ces derniers re&ccedil;oivent de plus en plus le soutien de citoyens d&eacute;sillusionn&eacute;s par l&rsquo;Europe et qui se retrouvent dans le discours simple, anti-&eacute;lite, anti-migrants et eurosceptique des partis d&rsquo;extr&ecirc;me droite. Le parti AFD a, par exemple, beaucoup de chance d&rsquo;entrer pour la premi&egrave;re fois au Parlement f&eacute;d&eacute;ral allemand en 2017.<\/p>\n<p>La bonne entente affich&eacute;e lors du sommet de Coblence masque toutefois quelques faiblesses. La cheffe de l&rsquo;AFD doit en effet actuellement affronter une aile dure de son propre parti, men&eacute;e par Bjorn H&ouml;cke, chef de l&rsquo;AFD en Thuringe. Ce dernier a notamment qualifi&eacute; le M&eacute;morial de l&rsquo;Holocauste &eacute;rig&eacute; &agrave; Berlin de &laquo; monument de la honte &raquo; et a recommand&eacute; &laquo; un virage &agrave; 180 degr&eacute;s &raquo; de la politique de m&eacute;moire allemande, lors d&rsquo;un discours &agrave; Dresde le 17 janvier dernier. De plus, la dirigeante de l&rsquo;AFD a fait part de ses r&eacute;ticences &agrave; un rapprochement avec le FN, qu&rsquo;elle qualifie de \u00ab\u00a0socialiste\u00a0\u00bb notamment du point de vue des positions du parti en mati&egrave;re &eacute;conomique.<\/p>\n<p>Enfin, de nombreuses manifestations ont eu lieu en marge de la rencontre. Des activistes de l&rsquo;organisation Avaaz ont notamment plac&eacute; en signe de protestation des statues de Hitler, Mussolini et Staline entre autres, en face de celle de l&rsquo;Empereur allemand Wilhelm. Pour le pr&eacute;sident de Avaaz, Pascal Vollenweider, cette action vise &agrave; envoyer le message fort d&rsquo;une lutte contre les id&eacute;es obsol&egrave;tes et dangereuses de ces partis, qui eux se revendiquent &agrave; l&rsquo;inverse comme moderne et voulant incarner l&rsquo;avenir. De nombreux journaux et autres organes de presse allemands ont &eacute;t&eacute; exclus de cette rencontre, &agrave; savoir les magazines Der Spiegel et Compact, les cha&icirc;nes de t&eacute;l&eacute;vision publique ARD et ZDF, ainsi que les quotidiens Handelsblatt et Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. Ces interdictions r&eacute;sonnent avec l&rsquo;accusation faite par les partis d&rsquo;extr&ecirc;me droite envers des m&eacute;dias qu&rsquo;il qualifie &laquo; m&eacute;dias d&rsquo;&eacute;lites &raquo;, d&rsquo;&ecirc;tre contre eux et biais&eacute;s en faveur du gouvernement.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.euronews.com\/2017\/01\/23\/2017-l-annee-des-patriotes-pour-l-extreme-droite-europeenne\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/fr.euronews.com\/2017\/01\/23\/2017-l-annee-des-patriotes<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.rts.ch\/play\/tv\/19h30\/video\/reunion-de-lextreme-droite-a-coblence-les-precisions-danne-mailliet-a-coblence?id=8327213\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.rts.ch\/play\/tv\/19h30\/video\/reunion-de-lextreme-droite<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.letemps.ch\/monde\/2017\/01\/17\/parti-dextreme-droite-allemand-npd-ne-sera-interdit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.letemps.ch\/monde\/2017\/01\/17\/parti-dextreme-droite-allemand-npd-ne-sera-interdit<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/planete\/2017\/01\/21\/a-coblence-l-extreme-droite-europeenne-refait-le-monde_1543131\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/planete\/2017\/01\/21\/a-coblence-l-extreme-droite-europeenne-refait-le-monde<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.arte.tv\/guide\/fr\/emissions\/AJT\/arte-journal\/?vid=071825-016_PLUS7-F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.arte.tv\/guide\/fr\/emissions\/AJT\/arte-journal\/?vid=071825-016_PLUS7-F<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.letemps.ch\/monde\/2017\/01\/20\/lextreme-droite-europeenne-se-retrouve-coblenz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.letemps.ch\/monde\/2017\/01\/20\/lextreme-droite-europeenne-se-retrouve-coblenz<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.fr\/2017\/01\/21\/avant-sa-rencontre-avec-lextreme-droite-allemande-marine-le-pe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.fr\/2017\/01\/21\/avant-sa-rencontre-avec-lextreme-droite-allemande<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2017\/01\/thousands-protest-conference-germany-170121135526441.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2017\/01\/thousands-protest-conference-germany<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/news\/world\/europe\/germany-afd-bjoern-hoecke-berlin-holocaust-memorial-shame-history-positive-nazi-180-turnaround-a7535306.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/news\/world\/europe\/germany-afd-bjoern-hoecke-berlin-holocaust<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Bahrain, 15.01.2017: Executions in Bahrain Provoke Outrage at Home and Abroad<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>On 15 January, three Bahraini nationals &#8211; Abbas al-Samea (27), Ali al-Singace (21), and Sami Mushaima (42) &#8211; were executed by firing squad, after being found guilty of murdering three police officers through the deliberate planting and detonating of explosive devices, in 2014. Seven other defendants were given life terms. According to an official source, the legality of the ruling was confirmed by the Arab Federation for Human Rights, which monitored the stages of the court trial in Bahrain and attended several court hearings, and the National Institution for Human Rights.<\/p>\n<p>In response to the executions, a number of Bahrainis protested against the government and, in particular, the ruling Al Khalifa family, with videos of crowds calling for the fall of King Hamad of Bahrain. In an attempt to disperse the crowds, riot police used tear gas and birdshot. Despite this, tensions have apparently been growing in the small Gulf State, with numerous reports of arson attacks against government buildings and of demonstrators constructing roadblocks with burning tyres.<\/p>\n<p>Bahrainis were accompanied in their protests by regional and international human rights groups and activists who, as commentators have noted, described the court-ordered killings as \u00ab\u00a0politically-motived and extrajudicial\u00a0\u00bb. According to reports, the three men were convicted \u00ab\u00a0despite serious concerns that their convictions were based on evidence obtained under torture.\u00a0\u00bb These responses also demonstrate what some commentators have pin-pointed as Bahraini&rsquo;s feelings of \u00ab\u00a0isolation\u00a0\u00bb from the international community, where the actors capable of pressuring the Bahrain government \u00ab\u00a0to reform, democratise, and implement human rights reform\u00a0\u00bb have abetted perceived excesses of Gulf rulers against populations.<\/p>\n<p>In the wake of the executions, on 16 January, Bahrain&rsquo;s Al-Wasat newspaper, which has been described as an \u00ab\u00a0independent voice in a deeply divided country,\u00a0\u00bb was ordered to close its online site by the Ministry of Information. The newspaper was described as \u00ab\u00a0inciting division in the community, jeopardising national unity and disrupting public peace.\u00a0\u00bb According to Middle East Monitor, the ban was the result of Al-Wasat&rsquo;s publication of a video in which a Shia cleric and member of the Al-Wafa party, Murtaza Sindi, described a new phase of armed resistance against the ruling Al Khalifa family. In the video, Sindi propounded the view that Bahrainis face the choice between justice in their country or legitimate resistance against the ruling elite. The ban on Al-Wasat&rsquo;s online site was lifted three days later, on 19 January.<\/p>\n<p>In its recently-published 2017 World Report, Human Rights Watch has warned the Bahraini regime against \u00ab\u00a0&lsquo;accelerated repression&rsquo; of peaceful activists and the continued detention and prosecution of human rights protesters;\u00a0\u00bb also calling for the government of Bahrain to \u00ab\u00a0reinvigorate a stalled process of political reform by reversing the dissolution of [the opposition association] al-Wifaq, releasing high-profile political detainees, and ending its harassment of activists.\u00a0\u00bb Numerous observers have predicted that, without honouring the demands of the country&rsquo;s activists, the Al Khalifa regime could well face more militant forms of political opposition in coming months and years.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/bna.bh\/portal\/news\/766017\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/bna.bh\/portal\/news\/766017<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bna.bh\/portal\/en\/news\/766452\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.bna.bh\/portal\/en\/news\/766452<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bna.bh\/portal\/en\/news\/766407\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.bna.bh\/portal\/en\/news\/766407<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bna.bh\/portal\/en\/news\/765959\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.bna.bh\/portal\/en\/news\/765959<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bna.bh\/portal\/en\/news\/765768\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.bna.bh\/portal\/en\/news\/765768<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bna.bh\/portal\/en\/news\/765959\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.bna.bh\/portal\/en\/news\/765959<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/alwatannews.net\/article\/150398\/Bahrain\/%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B0-%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A8%D8%AB%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%A9-%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7-3-%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%B7%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%87\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/alwatannews.net\/article\/150398\/Bahrain\/<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/a-triple-execution-in-bahrain-has-provoked-national-outrage-and-international-silence-71367\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/theconversation.com\/a-triple-execution-in-bahrain<\/a><br \/>Video: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=UQF5Pl43zkA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=UQF5Pl43zkA<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2017\/1\/15\/black-day-in-bahrain-as-executions-spark-violent-protests\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2017\/1\/15\/black-day-in-bahrain<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/bahrain-city-hall-set-ablaze-execution-protests-rage-63460128\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/bahrain-city-hall-set-ablaze-execution-protests-rage<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/columns\/truth-lies-and-voice-under-threat-bahrain-1540455862\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/columns\/truth-lies-and-voice-under-threat-bahrain<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.middleeastmonitor.com\/20170119-shia-cleric-declares-jihad-on-bahrain-government\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.middleeastmonitor.com\/20170119-shia-cleric-declares-jihad-on-bahrain<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/world-report\/2017\/country-chapters\/bahrain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/world-report\/2017\/country-chapters\/bahrain<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Iraq, 12-19.01.2017: Is Competition for Control of Iraq at the Local, Provincial and Regional Levels Jeopardising National Unity?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ongoing power-struggles in Iraq are being played out in numerous arenas across the country. From jockeying between militia groups and Iraqi police forces in urban areas, to competition over constituencies at the provincial level, Iraq is witnessing growing and important political tensions on the side-lines of its military campaign against the so-called Islamic State.<\/p>\n<p>The breakdown of the social contract between the Iraqi central government and its population has had a devastating effect on security in the country&rsquo;s urban centres, including in Baghdad. A loss of faith in the Iraqi police and security forces, which are seen to be corrupt and abusive of their power over civilians, has led to an increased reliance on traditional justice mechanisms and the reliance on militia groups, called the Popular Mobilisation Units (PMU) which control various neighbourhoods of the capital. Local sources report that the majority of Baghdad&rsquo;s districts have an office \u00ab\u00a0belonging to whichever militia is present in that part of the city.\u00a0\u00bb This is also the case in the southern provinces of Iraq, where militias not only collaborate with official security forces in preventing violent attacks against civilians, but also carry out covert surveillance work, sending \u00ab\u00a0their informants [to] roam streets, markets and residential areas in civilian clothing, watching out for terrorist activity.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>Despite the political and social significance of the waxing power of Iraqi PMUs, they reportedly enjoy widespread support among the civilian population because of their success in combatting the Islamic State group. Although the central government has taken steps to integrate these armed groups into the official security apparatus (see The Cordoba Update 21\/2016), the realities of power-relations between the PMU and police forces at the local level mean that Iraqi paramilitaries are effectively above the law. As one police officer from Baghdad reported: \u00ab\u00a0We cannot hold [the militia] accountable for any violations they may commit&#8230; They move around in cars with tinted windows and without license plates. They carry personal IDs that may well be fake and the police at the checkpoints cannot just stop them.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>Further tensions have been developing outside of the nation&rsquo;s capital, with the redefinition of districts and sub-districts in Iraq&rsquo;s central Anbar Province. A majority of the provincial council has voted in favour of establishing four new provincial districts, including Karmah, east of Fallujah; Baghdadi, west of Baghdad; Amiriyat al-Samoud, southwest of Fallujah; and Nahib, southwest of Ramadi. According to one source, five villages were also changed into sub-districts within these. A tribal leader in Fallujah, Daham al-Zubai, was quoted as saying that \u00ab\u00a0tribal and political influence were among the most important reasons behind the creation of these new districts,\u00a0\u00bb adding that \u00ab\u00a0most of the new districts are actually the bases for influential individuals who are trying to control nearby villages and to benefit from them, in terms of political gains.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>This development is significant in the lead-up to Iraq&rsquo;s provincial elections, which are slated to be held in September 2017. International and local observers have advised that these elections will be highly contested, with the entry of political players affiliated with newly-powerful armed militia, as well as due to fractures within existing political blocs. While the rezoning plan in Anbar has been promoted as a means of providing more government jobs and improving access to state services like electricity and sanitation in the new districts, the potential negative outcomes of gerrymandering in Iraq could be exacerbated tensions between sectarian, ethnic and tribal constituencies. Such tensions have been observed in other parts of the country, specifically between Kurdish and Turkmen constituencies in the ethnically-mixed Kirkuk Province, which has not held elections since 2005. Officials have stated that the current conditions in that province are inadequate for fair and accurate polls, as parts of its territory are currently controlled by the Islamic State group and because its urban areas have been impacted by a huge influx of displaced Iraqis.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to causing massive internal displacement, the so-called Islamic State in Iraq has also dealt a devastating blow to the diverse, indigenous minorities of the country&rsquo;s northern Ninevah Province; including its Assyrian Chaldean, and Syriac Orthodox Christians, Yezidis, Shabak, Sufi, and Sunni Muslim populations. According to some reports, a proposal to create an autonomous, democratic and pluralistic province within the Ninevah area is gaining traction among members of the international coalition that is currently combatting the so-called Islamic State. An autonomous region for Iraq&rsquo;s embattled minorities is argued to be a means of protecting Iraq&rsquo;s Christians, Yezidis, and others, and preserving their continued membership of the nation. This proposal would see the creation of a second regional government in Iraq, alongside the existing Kurdistan Regional Government, which is led by the Regional President, Masud Barzani.<\/p>\n<p>With the continued internally- and externally-driven; de facto and planned; local, provincial and regional division of Iraq, the population increasingly views their home as a \u00ab\u00a0giant chessboard for world powers,\u00a0\u00bb according to one commentator. With such jockeying for power at all levels of Iraqi society, many observers question what shape the future of Iraq will take and what impact this will have on the potential for transforming conflict in the country.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.niqash.org\/en\/articles\/security\/5524\/As-Iraqi-Police-Lose-Control-Of-Streets-Militias-Take-Over.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.niqash.org\/en\/articles\/security\/5524\/As-Iraqi-Police-Lose-Control<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/cordoue.ch\/the-cordoba-update\/item\/494-the-cordoba-update-21-2016\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/cordoue.ch\/the-cordoba-update\/item\/494-the-cordoba-update-21-2016<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.niqash.org\/en\/articles\/politics\/5516\/Iraqi-Province-Creates-New-Districts---But-For-Better-Or-Worse.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.niqash.org\/en\/articles\/politics\/5516\/Iraqi-Province-Creates-New-Districts<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.rudaw.net\/english\/kurdistan\/200120174\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.rudaw.net\/english\/kurdistan\/200120174<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/iraqs-minorities-need-a-province-to-call-their-own-70177\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/theconversation.com\/iraqs-minorities-need-a-province-to-call-their-own<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.iraqinews.com\/baghdad-politics\/barzani-says-declare-kurdistans-independence-maliki-returns-iraq-pm\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.iraqinews.com\/baghdad-politics\/barzani-says-declare-kurdistans-independence<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.middleeastmonitor.com\/20170119-iraq-on-the-ground-through-a-lens\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.middleeastmonitor.com\/20170119-iraq-on-the-ground-through-a-lens<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Liban, 21.01.2017 : Attentat suicide d&eacute;jou&eacute; &agrave; Hamra, Beyrouth<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Samedi soir, 21 janvier 2017, les services de renseignements de l&rsquo;arm&eacute;e et des forces de s&eacute;curit&eacute; int&eacute;rieure libanais ont intercept&eacute; un homme sur le point de faire d&eacute;tonner sa ceinture d&rsquo;explosif dans un caf&eacute; tr&egrave;s fr&eacute;quent&eacute; de Hamra, &agrave; Beyrouth. Cet homme, jeune Libanais de Sa&iuml;da, aurait avou&eacute; avoir &eacute;t&eacute; un partisan du pr&eacute;dicateur Ahmad al-Assir, dont les supporters avaient attaqu&eacute; l&rsquo;arm&eacute;e libanaise en printemps 2013, avant de devenir membre de l&rsquo;organisation de l&rsquo;Etat islamique (EI). Il aurait d&eacute;clar&eacute; aux forces de s&eacute;curit&eacute; que l&rsquo;ordre de se faire exploser lui aurait &eacute;t&eacute; donn&eacute; par l&rsquo;EI accompagn&eacute; d&rsquo;une fatwa &eacute;mise par un cheikh de Ain el-Helweh, camp palestinien pr&egrave;s de Sa&iuml;da.<\/p>\n<p>Ce dernier fait relance les peurs li&eacute;es &agrave; ce qui se passe &agrave; l&rsquo;int&eacute;rieur de ce camp, et des camps palestiniens en g&eacute;n&eacute;ral. Le souvenir de Nahr el-Bared n&rsquo;est pas loin, &eacute;v&eacute;nements qui avaient vu s&rsquo;affronter en 2007 l&rsquo;arm&eacute;e libanaise et un groupe d&rsquo;extr&eacute;mistes violents cach&eacute;s &agrave; l&rsquo;int&eacute;rieur de ce camp palestinien du nord du pays. Les cons&eacute;quences avaient &eacute;t&eacute; graves, des dizaines de morts parmi les civils et l&rsquo;arm&eacute;e, une vague de r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s devant fuir le camp, de nombreuses arrestations dont certains cas n&rsquo;ont pas encore &eacute;t&eacute; jug&eacute;s.<\/p>\n<p>Ces derni&egrave;res ann&eacute;es, le camp de Ain el-Helweh, r&eacute;sidence de plus de 54&rsquo;000 r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s palestiniens enregistr&eacute;s auxquels se sont ajout&eacute;s des milliers de Palestiniens fuyant la Syrie, est l&rsquo;objet de grandes pr&eacute;occupations. En septembre 2016, le pr&eacute;sum&eacute; &eacute;mir de l&rsquo;EI au Liban avait &eacute;t&eacute; arr&ecirc;t&eacute; dans ce camp. En novembre dernier, les autorit&eacute;s libanaises et palestiniennes avaient annonc&eacute; un accord sur la construction d&rsquo;un mur de protection devant encercler le camp. L&rsquo;objectif annonc&eacute; &eacute;tait la diminution des affrontements entre les habitants du camp et l&rsquo;arm&eacute;e libanaise et une meilleure surveillance de ce qui se passe &agrave; l&rsquo;int&eacute;rieur gr&acirc;ce &agrave; la construction de quatre tours le long du mur. Quelques jours apr&egrave;s le commencement des travaux, la construction a cependant &eacute;t&eacute; interrompue &agrave; la suite des manifestations et des critiques d&eacute;non&ccedil;ant ce projet. En d&eacute;cembre dernier, des affrontements entre les diff&eacute;rents groupes arm&eacute;s au sein du camp ont fait une victime et plusieurs bless&eacute;s. Ces affrontements se r&eacute;p&egrave;tent depuis le commencement de la guerre en Syrie, des analystes les interpr&egrave;tent comme une des manifestations des d&eacute;bordements au Liban de la guerre voisine. Cette menace &agrave; la s&eacute;curit&eacute; affecte durement les habitants, alors que l&rsquo;UNRWA est r&eacute;guli&egrave;rement oblig&eacute; d&rsquo;interrompre ses services, fermant ses &eacute;coles et ses centres de sant&eacute;.<\/p>\n<p>Or la menace s&eacute;curitaire ne se limite pas aux camps de r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s et &agrave; leurs abords. Nabatiy&eacute;, ville au sud du Liban et ville natale de Hassan Nasrallah, secr&eacute;taire g&eacute;n&eacute;ral du Hezbollah, a vu les mesures s&eacute;curitaires se renforcer consid&eacute;rablement &agrave; son entr&eacute;e. La raison en serait les rumeurs de voitures pi&eacute;g&eacute;es. L&rsquo;arm&eacute;e n&rsquo;est pas la seule &agrave; sembler en alerte g&eacute;n&eacute;rale. Il y a quelques jours, des m&eacute;dias isra&eacute;liens auraient r&eacute;v&eacute;l&eacute; que le Hezbollah avait renforc&eacute; ses mesures de s&eacute;curit&eacute; dans la banlieue sud, &eacute;galement par peur d&rsquo;un acte terroriste.<\/p>\n<p>La s&eacute;curit&eacute; individuelle est aussi menac&eacute;e par une recrudescence des enl&egrave;vements ces derniers temps. Dans ce contexte tr&egrave;s pr&eacute;occupant, certains m&eacute;dias voient dans le succ&egrave;s de l&rsquo;intervention de samedi dernier une occasion de couper court aux critiques et de donner une cr&eacute;dibilit&eacute; au gouvernement dans le dossier s&eacute;curitaire. Ces m&ecirc;mes m&eacute;dias se demandent si la mobilisation s&eacute;curitaire affirm&eacute;e dans les milieux politiques et s&eacute;curitaires est apte &agrave; se traduire en actes concrets et craignent qu&rsquo;elle ne serve d&rsquo;abord &agrave; d&eacute;tourner l&rsquo;attention du dossier de la nouvelle loi &eacute;lectorale, champ de travail prioritaire de ce gouvernement avant les l&eacute;gislatives annonc&eacute;es pour juin 2017.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/1030771\/-plaque-au-sol-le-kamikaze-tentait-dactionner-sa-ceinture-dexplosifs-.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/1030771\/-plaque-au-sol-le-kamikaze-tentait-dactionner<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/1031049\/premiers-effets-de-lattentat-dejoue-de-hamra.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/1031049\/premiers-effets-de-lattentat-dejoue-de-hamra<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/1030328\/sous-haute-protection-nabatiye-vit-sous-la-hantise-dun-acte-terroriste.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/1030328\/sous-haute-protection-nabatiye-vit-sous-la-hantise<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/9\/22\/lebanon-arrests-suspected-islamic-state-group-emir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/9\/22\/lebanon-arrests-suspected-islamic-state-group<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/11\/19\/lebanon-begins-building-security-wall-around-palestinian-refugee-camp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/11\/19\/lebanon-begins-building-security-wall-around<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2016\/11\/lebanon-freezes-plan-ain-al-hilweh-racist-wall-161121124417114.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2016\/11\/lebanon-freezes-plan-ain-al-hilweh-racist-wall<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/imemc.org\/article\/islamist-extremism-spills-over-into-palestinian-ain-el-helweh-refugee-camp-in-lebanon\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/imemc.org\/article\/islamist-extremism-spills-over-into-palestinian-ain-el-helweh-refugee-camp<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Maroc, 25.01.2017 : Formation du gouvernement au point mort<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Plus de 100 jours apr&egrave;s les &eacute;lections, et malgr&eacute; de vifs espoirs pendant le mois de d&eacute;cembre, le Maroc n&rsquo;a, &agrave; l&rsquo;heure actuelle, toujours pas de gouvernement. En effet, la t&acirc;che s&rsquo;est av&eacute;r&eacute;e plus difficile que pr&eacute;vu pour Abdelilah Benkirane, qui pour le moment n&rsquo;a pas r&eacute;ussi &agrave; former sa coalition gouvernementale. Pour l&rsquo;instant, les tractations sont au point mort. Il semblerait que le PJD se soit mis des b&acirc;tons dans les roues, en portant trop d&rsquo;espoir sur des alliances potentielles non acquises, et en annon&ccedil;ant trop vite des lignes rouges qu&rsquo;il ne d&eacute;passerait pas et qui ont rebut&eacute; plusieurs alli&eacute;s potentiels.<\/p>\n<p>M&ecirc;me la mise en place rapide de l&rsquo;&eacute;lection du Pr&eacute;sident de la chambre des repr&eacute;sentant n&rsquo;a pas aid&eacute; &agrave; faire avancer les choses. Au contraire, pourtant seul candidat &agrave; ce poste, Habib El Malki (USFP) a &eacute;t&eacute; &eacute;lu avec seulement198 voix sur 342, c&rsquo;est-&agrave;-dire une toute petite majorit&eacute;. Le PJD a d&rsquo;ailleurs vot&eacute; blanc, et l&rsquo;Istiqlal a quant &agrave; lui quitt&eacute; l&rsquo;h&eacute;micycle avant la tenue du vote. Ceci d&eacute;montre le climat tendu et peu propice aux n&eacute;gociations et aux compromis, qui s&rsquo;est petit &agrave; petit install&eacute; dans la sph&egrave;re politique marocaine. Il faut rappeler que Abdelilah Benkirane refuse la participation de l&rsquo;USFP &agrave; sa coalition gouvernementale, ce qui g&eacute;n&egrave;re un blocage avec le RNI, qui en a fait sa condition &agrave; sa collaboration avec le futur gouvernement. A noter tout de m&ecirc;me que ce sc&eacute;nario engendre donc la possibilit&eacute; qu&rsquo;un gouvernement minoritaire se forme, puisque si Habib El Marki et son parti, l&rsquo;USFP, ne sont pas admis du c&ocirc;t&eacute; du gouvernement comme c&rsquo;est le cas aujourd&rsquo;hui, ils resteront dans l&rsquo;opposition qui, gr&acirc;ce &agrave; cette &eacute;lection, d&eacute;montre qu&rsquo;elle a la majorit&eacute; requise de 50% +1.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.le360.ma\/politique\/futur-gouvernement-rendez-vous-en-avril-104945\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/fr.le360.ma\/politique\/futur-gouvernement-rendez-vous-en-avril<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.le360.ma\/politique\/futur-gouvernement-pas-de-deblocage-en-vue-104453\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/fr.le360.ma\/politique\/futur-gouvernement-pas-de-deblocage-en-vue<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.le360.ma\/politique\/futur-gouvernement-listiqlal-reitere-son-ferme-soutien-au-pjd-et-a-benkirane-104493\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/fr.le360.ma\/politique\/futur-gouvernement-listiqlal-reitere-son-ferme-soutien-au-pjd<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.le360.ma\/politique\/le-roi-voudrait-que-benkirane-ne-demissionne-pas-selon-des-sites-pro-pjd-105023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/fr.le360.ma\/politique\/le-roi-voudrait-que-benkirane-ne-demissionne-pas<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.leconomiste.com\/article\/1007628-gouvernement-benkirane-dos-au-mur\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.leconomiste.com\/article\/1007628-gouvernement-benkirane-dos-au-mur<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasinfo.fr\/Futur-gouvernement-marocain-Benkirane-dans-les-sables-mouvants_a78942.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.atlasinfo.fr\/Futur-gouvernement-marocain-Benkirane-dans-les-sables-mouvants<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/lavieeco.com\/news\/politique\/le-parlement-enfin-en-place-une-coutume-constitutionnelle-est-consacree.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/lavieeco.com\/news\/politique\/le-parlement-enfin-en-place<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>VIOLENT EXTREMISM AND THE WAR ON TERROR \/ EXTR&Eacute;MISME VIOLENT ET LA GUERRE CONTRE LA TERREUR<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Egypt, 18.01.2017: 1538 People in Terrorist List<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Cairo criminal court decision added 1,538 people to the so-called \u00ab\u00a0national terrorists list\u00a0\u00bb based on a request from prosecutors for their alleged assistance to the Muslim Brotherhood. This decision \u00ab\u00a0reflects the authorities&rsquo; indiscriminate use of broad counterterrorism laws,\u00a0\u00bb Human Rights Watch said on 24 January 2017. Using these laws to impose penalties on people without giving them a chance to defend themselves seriously violates their rights to due process.<\/p>\n<p>The designation&rsquo;s immediate effects include a travel ban, asset freeze, loss of political rights, and passport cancellation. The people involved were not able to contest the designation, and most may not have been informed about it before the court ruled. The decision can be appealed directly to Egypt&rsquo;s highest appeals court.<\/p>\n<p>Among those placed on the list were former President Mohamed Morsi and his sons; senior Brotherhood leaders and their sons and daughters; Safwan Thabet, a businessman; the former soccer star Mohamed Abu Trika; Mostafa Sakr, a newspaper publisher; and Hisham Gaafar, a journalist. At least five dead people were placed on the list by the decision.<\/p>\n<p>Abu Trika, one of the country&rsquo;s all-time greatest soccer players, already had his assets frozen in 2015 based on suspicions of financing the Brotherhood. He has denied ever funding the Islamists, who have been the main target of a fierce government crackdown on dissent led by Sissi.<br \/>The terrorist designations were based on Law 8 of 2015 for Organizing Lists of Terrorist Entities and Terrorists, issued by a decree by President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi in February 2015, in the absence of a parliament. The law authorizes the prosecutor general to request designated Cairo criminal courts to name individuals or groups to the list for three-year renewable periods. The court has seven days to consider the request before deciding.<\/p>\n<p>The law violates several legal protections laid out in the Egyptian Constitution, previous decisions of Egypt&rsquo;s Supreme Constitutional Court, and international human rights law.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2017\/01\/24\/egypt-court-names-1500-terrorist-list\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2017\/01\/24\/egypt-court-names-1500-terrorist-list<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/middle_east\/rights-group-faults-egypt-for-listing-1500-on-terror-list\/2017\/01\/24\/99092228-e216-11e6-a419-eefe8eff0835_story.html?utm_term=.abf8b39ec880\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/middle_east\/rights-group-faults-egypt<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/egypt-soccer-mohamed-aboutrika-terror-watch-list-no-fly-muslim-brotherhood\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/egypt-soccer-mohamed-aboutrika-terror-watch-list-no-fly<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mali, 17.01.2017 : l&rsquo;Accord de paix face &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;preuve de l&rsquo;ins&eacute;curit&eacute; apr&egrave;s une attaque meurtri&egrave;re contre un camp militaire &agrave; Gao<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dans la matin&eacute;e du 17 janvier, un camp militaire abritant des &eacute;l&eacute;ments des Forces arm&eacute;es maliennes (FAMA), des ex-rebelles la Coordination des mouvements de l&rsquo;Azawad (CMA), &agrave; dominante touareg ainsi que des combattants du Groupe d&rsquo;autod&eacute;fense touareg Imghad et alli&eacute;s (Gatia, pro-gouvernemental) a &eacute;t&eacute; la cible d&rsquo;une attaque suicide &agrave; la voiture pi&eacute;g&eacute;e, peu avant 9h00 (heure locale). Le bilan d&eacute;finitif de cette op&eacute;ration serait de plus de 60 tu&eacute;s et 115 bless&eacute;s. Selon une source autoris&eacute;e au sein de la Mission multidimensionnelle int&eacute;gr&eacute;e des Nations unies pour la stabilisation du Mali (MINUSMA), &laquo; Le kamikaze est venu dans un v&eacute;hicule et s&rsquo;est fait exploser &raquo;, au moment o&ugrave; une patrouille mixte comprenant des membres de la CMA et du Gatia s&rsquo;appr&ecirc;tait &agrave; partir en patrouille.<\/p>\n<p>D&rsquo;apr&egrave;s les premiers t&eacute;moignages, le kamikaze &eacute;tait au volant d&rsquo;un v&eacute;hicule aux couleurs du M&eacute;canisme op&eacute;rationnel de coordination (MOC), l&rsquo;organisme charg&eacute; d&rsquo;organiser les patrouilles conjointes entre les ex-rebelles touareg et les miliciens pro-gouvernementaux pr&eacute;vues par l&rsquo;accord de paix d&rsquo;Alger de 2015. Une premi&egrave;re patrouille conjointe avait &eacute;t&eacute; men&eacute;e &agrave; Gao le 22 octobre dernier, avec une section des FAMA, des &eacute;l&eacute;ments des groupes arm&eacute;s signataires (GAS, r&eacute;unissant le Gatia et la CMA) et un d&eacute;tachement de la force fran&ccedil;aise au Mali, Barkhane. Tr&egrave;s vite, l&rsquo;attentat a &eacute;t&eacute; revendiqu&eacute; par le groupe violent &agrave; r&eacute;f&eacute;rence religieuse &laquo; Al-Mourabitoune &raquo;, un groupe cr&eacute;&eacute; en 2013 lors de la fusion du Mouvement pour l&rsquo;unicit&eacute; et le jihad en Afrique de l&rsquo;Ouest (Mujao) et les Signataires par le sang de Mokhtar Belmokhtar. Ce groupe demeure actif tout au long de la bande sah&eacute;lo-saharienne et s&rsquo;est notamment exprim&eacute; apr&egrave;s l&rsquo;attentat via un communiqu&eacute; diffus&eacute; par l&rsquo;agence priv&eacute;e mauritanienne Al-Akhbar: &laquo; Nous mettons en garde tous ceux qui sont s&eacute;duits par la France pour qu&rsquo;ils int&egrave;grent son alliance. Nous leur r&eacute;affirmons que nous n&rsquo;accepterons pas de casernes, de si&egrave;ges, de patrouilles ou de convois du colonisateur fran&ccedil;ais qui combattent les moudjahidines &raquo;. Le groupe a &eacute;galement donn&eacute; l&rsquo;identit&eacute; du &laquo; combattant &raquo; qui a commis l&rsquo;attentat. Il s&rsquo;agirait d&rsquo;Abdel Hadi Al-Foulani, qui appartiendrait &agrave; l&rsquo;ethnie peule.<\/p>\n<p>Le lendemain, le Conseil de s&eacute;curit&eacute; des Nations Unies s&rsquo;est r&eacute;uni pour &eacute;voquer la situation au Mali et la question de l&rsquo;application de l&rsquo;accord de paix entre les rebelles touareg et Bamako. L&rsquo;id&eacute;e d&rsquo;imposer des sanctions aux groupes et aux personnes entravant la mise en &oelig;uvre de l&rsquo;Accord d&rsquo;Alger a &eacute;t&eacute; &eacute;voqu&eacute;e par les repr&eacute;sentants de plusieurs pays, notamment la France et la Su&egrave;de (pr&eacute;sidence en exercice du Conseil en janvier 2017). Selon M. Ladsous, Secr&eacute;taire g&eacute;n&eacute;ral-adjoint de l&rsquo;ONU en charge des op&eacute;rations de maintien de la paix, &laquo; en l&rsquo;absence d&rsquo;autorit&eacute; &eacute;tatique et des arrangements int&eacute;rimaires, le ph&eacute;nom&egrave;ne terroriste prend des proportions de plus en plus inqui&eacute;tantes au nord et au centre du Mali &raquo;. Pour ce dernier, &laquo; si la situation s&eacute;curitaire continue &agrave; se d&eacute;t&eacute;riorer ainsi, il n&rsquo;y aura plus de paix &agrave; maintenir au Mali &raquo;. Pour illustrer ces inqui&eacute;tudes, le porte-parole de l&rsquo;&eacute;tat-major malien a &eacute;galement dress&eacute; le bilan des actions terroristes commises en 2016. La plupart de celles-ci sont attribu&eacute;es aux groupes violents &agrave; r&eacute;f&eacute;rence religieuse. Selon lui, les groupes arm&eacute;s ont men&eacute; 118 attaques contre l&rsquo;arm&eacute;e malienne, la force de paix de l&rsquo;ONU (MINUSMA) et la force fran&ccedil;aise Barkhane. La force fran&ccedil;aise a quant &agrave; elle men&eacute; 125 op&eacute;rations en 2016 au Sahel (Mauritanie, Mali, Niger, Tchad, Burkina Faso), des pays dans lesquels elle op&egrave;re seule ou en partenariat avec des forces locales.<br \/>La Convention des partis politiques de la majorit&eacute; pr&eacute;sidentielle (CMP), qui accuse certains acteurs internationaux, notamment les Nations unies et la France, de &laquo; sympathie avec les rebelles &raquo;, a publiquement exprim&eacute; des doutes sur la bonne foi de la MINUSMA et de Barkane, accus&eacute;s de laxisme dans l&rsquo;attentat terroriste perp&eacute;tr&eacute; contre le camp du MOC &agrave; Gao. En cons&eacute;quence, Mr. Dicko Younouss Ham&egrave;ye, Porte-parole de la CMP, invite les deux principaux partenaires du Mali &agrave; une collaboration sinc&egrave;re.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;attentat de Gao montre la fragilit&eacute; des conditions de mise en &oelig;uvre de l&rsquo;Accord de paix d&rsquo;Alger. En effet, il semblerait qu&rsquo;&agrave; peine les groupes ex-rebelles se joignent &agrave; la force commune (CMA, Gatia, FAMA et Barkhane) pour engager les op&eacute;rations de patrouilles dans la zone septentrionale malienne, que leurs anciens alli&eacute;s se r&eacute;activent. Ces derniers chercheraient &agrave; fragiliser l&rsquo;engagement de certains groupes dans le processus, notamment celui des touar&egrave;gues. Au-del&agrave; de la revendication assum&eacute;e par &laquo; Al Mourabitoune &raquo;, les observateurs entrevoient aussi une alliance sacr&eacute;e entre l&rsquo;ex-Mujao, Ansar Dine, le Front de lib&eacute;ration du Macina et AQMI, renforc&eacute;s par certains chefs tribaux locaux. Le but de cette alliance serait d&rsquo;affirmer leur force et de rappeler qu&rsquo;ils demeurent une partie au conflit avec laquelle il faudra compter pour une sortie de crise au Mali et, au-del&agrave;, dans d&rsquo;autres pays du Sahel.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.opex360.com\/2017\/01\/18\/mali-lourd-bilan-apres-lattaque-dun-camp-militaire-gao\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.opex360.com\/2017\/01\/18\/mali-lourd-bilan-apres-lattaque-dun-camp-militaire-gao<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.opex360.com\/2017\/01\/19\/lattentat-camp-militaire-de-gao-revendique-par-le-groupe-jihadiste-al-mourabitoune\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.opex360.com\/2017\/01\/19\/lattentat-camp-militaire-de-gao<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ledauphine.com\/france-monde\/2017\/01\/18\/attentat-contre-un-camp-militaire-au-mali-au-moins-37-morts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.ledauphine.com\/france-monde\/2017\/01\/18\/attentat-contre-un-camp-militaire-au-mali<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/395408\/politique\/mali-lattentant-suicide-contre-base-militaire-de-gao-a-77-morts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/395408\/politique\/mali-lattentant-suicide-contre-base-militaire-de-gao<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/malijet.com\/actualte_dans_les_regions_du_mali\/rebellion_au_nord_du_mali\/175948-attaque-du-camp-militaire-de-gao-declaration-du-porte-parole-sur.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/malijet.com\/actualte_dans_les_regions_du_mali\/rebellion_au_nord_du_mali\/175948<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/specialdefense.over-blog.com\/2017\/01\/mali-ce-que-l-on-sait-de-l-attaque-terroriste-contre-un-camp-militaire-a-gao.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/specialdefense.over-blog.com\/2017\/01\/mali-ce-que-l-on-sait-de-l-attaque-terroriste<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><em>The views and perspectives contained in the Weekly Update are from individual contributors and external sources, and do not necessarily reflect the opinions or position of the Cordoba Foundation of Geneva. The links are neither intended as an endorsement of particular publications nor the only source for the updates, but to connect to information in the public domain, for those interested in background or further details.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>10th &#8211; 23th January 2017 Cordoba Foundation of Geneva<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":596,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-605","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-newsletter"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Cordoba Update 1\/2017 - Cordoba Peace Institute | Fran\u00e7ais<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/the-cordoba-update-1-2017\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Cordoba Update 1\/2017 - 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