{"id":593,"date":"2016-10-26T18:46:24","date_gmt":"2016-10-26T17:46:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/2016\/10\/26\/the-cordoba-update-18-2016\/"},"modified":"2016-10-26T18:46:24","modified_gmt":"2016-10-26T17:46:24","slug":"the-cordoba-update-18-2016","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/the-cordoba-update-18-2016\/","title":{"rendered":"The Cordoba Update 18\/2016"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- {lofimg src=\"\/images\/stories\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg\"} --><\/p>\n<div><strong>12<sup>th<\/sup> &#8211; 25<sup>th<\/sup> October 2016<br \/><\/strong><\/div>\n<div>Cordoba Foundation of Geneva<em><br \/><\/em><\/div>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<style scoped=\"scoped\" type=\"text\/css\"><!--\ntd {\n\t\t\tbackground: #f5f4ef none repeat scroll 0 0;\n\t\t\tvertical-align: top;\n\t\t\tpadding: 6px 12px;\n\t\t}\n\t\ttd.cuintro {\n\t\t\tbackground: #F7FAFE none repeat scroll 0 0;\n\t\t}\n\t\tul {\n\t\t\tmargin: 0 0.5em 0 1em;\n\t\t\tpadding: 0;\n\t\t}\n\t\tli {\n\t\t\tmargin-bottom: 0;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 9px;\n\t\t\ttext-align: left;\n\t\t}\n--><\/style>\n<div>\n<table border=\"0\" style=\"width: 100%;\" cellspacing=\"4\" cellpadding=\"4\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"cuintro\">\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">The bi-weekly CORDOBA UPDATE is the product of continuous monitoring work, carried out by the Cordoba Foundation of Geneva team. By analysing and reporting on key events and trends in the Foundation&rsquo;s areas of interest, we aim to draw readers&rsquo; attention to pertinent developments in North Africa, the Sahel, West Asia and Europe, which are not always covered in &lsquo;mainstream&rsquo; media.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">In addition to sharing news from these four regions, the Cordoba Update is an opportunity for the Foundation to provide regular updates on its publications, events and other developments.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">In line with the programmes and projects funded by partners of the Cordoba Foundation of Geneva, updates and information are included under the following themes:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Islamist-Secular relations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Transition and Political participation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Relations between communities of different ethnic, cultural and religious affiliations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Violent extremism and the war on terror;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">The Cordoba Foundation of Geneva in the media;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">General information.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">For questions and\/or feedback regarding the content and form of the Cordoba Update, please contact Sarah Franck: <a href=\"mailto:sarah.franck@cordoue.ch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sarah.franck@cordoue.ch<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<hr style=\"border-top: 1px solid #cccccc; border-bottom: none; width: 50%; margin: auto;\" \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Le CORDOBA UPDATE est un bimensuel qui pr&eacute;sente le travail continu de suivi r&eacute;alis&eacute; par l&rsquo;&eacute;quipe de la Fondation Cordoue de Gen&egrave;ve. Par l&rsquo;analyse des &eacute;v&eacute;nements et tendances qui concernent les domaines d&rsquo;int&eacute;r&ecirc;t de la Fondation, nous visons &agrave; attirer l&rsquo;attention de nos lecteurs sur les d&eacute;veloppements pertinents en Afrique du Nord, dans le Sahel, en Asie de l&rsquo;Ouest et en Europe, une actualit&eacute; qui n&rsquo;est pas toujours couverte dans les m&eacute;dias dits &lsquo;traditionnels&rsquo;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Outre le partage de l&rsquo;actualit&eacute; de ces quatre r&eacute;gions, le &laquo; Cordoba Update &raquo; est un moyen pour la Fondation de fournir des mises &agrave; jour r&eacute;guli&egrave;res sur ses publications, &eacute;v&eacute;nements et autres d&eacute;veloppements.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">En accord avec les programmes et projets financ&eacute;s par les partenaires de la Fondation Cordoue de Gen&egrave;ve, les mises &agrave; jour et informations concernent les th&egrave;mes suivants :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Relations islamistes-s&eacute;culiers ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Transition et participation politique ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Relations entre communaut&eacute;s de diff&eacute;rentes affiliations ethniques, culturelles et religieuses ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">L&rsquo;extr&eacute;misme violent et la guerre contre le terrorisme ;<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">La Fondation Cordoue de Gen&egrave;ve dans les m&eacute;dias ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Information g&eacute;n&eacute;rale.<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Pour des questions et \/ ou des commentaires concernant le contenu et la forme du Cordoba Update, veuillez contacter Sarah Franck : <a href=\"mailto:sarah.franck@cordoue.ch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sarah.franck@cordoue.ch<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>ISLAMIST-SECULAR RELATIONS \/ RELATIONS ENTRE S&Eacute;CULIERS ET ISLAMISTES<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mauritanie, 16.10.2016 : lib&eacute;ration du dernier Mauritanien d&eacute;tenu &agrave; Guantanamo<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mohamedou Ould Sallahi, ing&eacute;nieur en informatique mauritanien, sortant de la Fachhochschule allemande de Krefeld (ouest), d&eacute;tenu &agrave; Guantanamo pendant 14 ans, sans proc&egrave;s, a &eacute;t&eacute; transf&eacute;r&eacute; en Mauritanie par un avion de l&rsquo;US Air Force, le 16 octobre.<\/p>\n<p>Accueilli par un &laquo; comit&eacute; &raquo; dirig&eacute; par le Directeur de la s&ucirc;ret&eacute; de l&rsquo;Etat, direction qui l&rsquo;avait remis aux USA, sa libert&eacute; lui a &eacute;t&eacute; signifi&eacute;e. Il a remerci&eacute; le gouvernement mauritanien d&rsquo;avoir &laquo; tout mis en &oelig;uvre pour sa lib&eacute;ration&raquo;.<\/p>\n<p>Ould Sallahi avait &eacute;t&eacute; arr&ecirc;t&eacute; en Mauritanie en 2001 et livr&eacute; par le gouvernement de son pays aux Etats-Unis. Les Am&eacute;ricains l&rsquo;accusaient d&rsquo;appartenir &agrave; la &laquo; cellule de Hambourg &raquo;, li&eacute;e aux attentats du 11-Septembre. Emprisonn&eacute; successivement en Jordanie et en Afghanistan, il avait &eacute;t&eacute; ensuite intern&eacute; &agrave; Guantanamo. Dans son livre &laquo; Guantanamo diaries &raquo;, publi&eacute; il y a deux ans, il raconte comment il a &eacute;t&eacute; tortur&eacute; et pouss&eacute; &agrave; de faux aveux.<\/p>\n<p>Dans une conf&eacute;rence de presse organis&eacute;e &agrave; Nouakchott, Ould Sallahi dit &laquo; avoir pardonn&eacute; &agrave; tous ceux qui lui ont fait du mal &raquo;. Il dit aspirer &agrave; mener une vie paisible et normale parmi les siens.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=690074\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=690074<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.essirage.net\/node\/931\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/fr.essirage.net\/node\/931<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/lecalame.info\/?q=node\/4664\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/lecalame.info\/?q=node\/4664<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>TRANSITION AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION \/ TRANSITION ET PARTICIPATION POLITIQUE<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Egypt, 14 &ndash; 20.10.16: Egyptian General Who Led Counterterrorism in Sinai Shot Dead in Cairo<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>On 14 October 2016, a violent attack targeted an army checkpoint in North Sinai and left 12 army conscripts dead and six others injured. A week later, a senior Egyptian general was shot dead on 22 October outside his home in Cairo. According to the Israeli Newspaper, Haaretz, the officer, Brig. Gen. Adel Rajaei, 52, had commanded Egypt&rsquo;s counterterrorism operations in Sinai. Rajaei headed the Egyptian army&rsquo;s 9th brigade in northern Sinai, where the army has been confronting militant groups, including an affiliate of ISIS. The brigade was also working to destroy smuggling tunnels that have been built under the Egyptian border with the Gaza Strip. In a message on Twitter, a group that identified itself as the \u00ab\u00a0Revolutionary Brigade\u00a0\u00bb claimed responsibility for the killing. During a meeting with top government officials, Egypt&rsquo;s Abdel-Fattah El-Sisi ordered \u00ab\u00a0increased security at vital facilities\u00a0\u00bb after the killing. In January 2015, Sisi formed the joint military command following deadly attacks in North Sinai that left at least 30 security personnel and civilians dead.<\/p>\n<p>Egypt faces an insurgency led by ISIS&rsquo;s branch in North Sinai, where hundreds of soldiers and police have been killed. There have also been attacks in Cairo and other cities. Judges and other senior officials have increasingly been targeted by radical extremists. Human rights lawyer and former presidential candidate Khaled Ali argued that the authorities should be taken to task for the death of the soldiers. \u00ab\u00a0The strategies adopted by the state and the measures taken towards their implementation should be investigated so that we know what went wrong that led to the death of those soldiers,\u00a0\u00bb he wrote. \u00ab\u00a0Instead, the state is bragging about its operations against terrorists.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>Meanwhile, an Egyptian court confirmed a 20-year prison sentence for former president Muhamad Morsi, on charges arising from the killing of protesters during demonstrations in 2012.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContentP\/1\/246344\/Egypt\/Egyptian-brigadier-general-shot-dead-in-Cairo.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContentP\/1\/246344\/Egypt\/Egyptian-brigadier-general-shot<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.haaretz.com\/middle-east-news\/isis\/egypt-isis\/1.748707?v=B476BF9D7C9BCC39EB3352215CE91FC1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.haaretz.com\/middle-east-news\/isis\/egypt-isis\/1.748707<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gulf-times.com\/story\/518345\/Senior-Egyptian-general-shot-dead-outside-home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.gulf-times.com\/story\/518345\/Senior-Egyptian-general-shot-dead<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/1\/64\/246364\/Egypt\/Politics-\/Sisi-orders-increased-security-at-vital-facilities.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/1\/64\/246364\/Egypt\/Politics-\/Sisi-orders-increased-security<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dailynewsegypt.com\/2016\/10\/15\/12-army-conscripts-killed-deadly-checkpoint-attack-north-sinai\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.dailynewsegypt.com\/2016\/10\/15\/12-army-conscripts-killed<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-egypt-insurgency-idUSKBN12E14Q\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-egypt-insurgency<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.egyptindependent.com\/\/news\/egyptian-court-confirms-20-year-prison-sentence-morsy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.egyptindependent.com\/\/news\/egyptian-court-confirms-20-year-prison-sentence-morsy<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/english.alarabiya.net\/en\/perspective\/analysis\/2016\/10\/19\/Egypt-s-approach-to-terrorist-threats-in-Sinai-What-s-really-going-on-.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/english.alarabiya.net\/en\/perspective\/analysis\/2016\/10\/19\/Egypt-s-approach-to-terrorist<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Kuwait, 16 October: National Assembly is Dissolved by Royal Decree, Elections Set for November 2016<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>On 16 October, Emir Sheikh Sabah al-Ahmad Al Sabah of Kuwait dissolved the National Assembly following mounting tensions, in the face of economic pressures. The Emir&rsquo;s decision was announced less than 24 hours after Marzouk al-Ghanem, the parliamentary speaker, called for snap elections. According to sources, Ghanem&rsquo;s made this appeal after lawmakers filed three requests to question Kuwaiti ministers over the decision to raise petrol prices between 40-80%, as well as over apparent financial and administrative violations in the country&rsquo;s recently-announced austerity measures.<\/p>\n<p>One commentator noted that the decision to dissolve parliament may be a bid to prevent the return of the country&rsquo;s opposition to parliament. Many of those groups boycotted the last parliamentary elections in 2013, in protest of an amendment to Kuwaiti electoral law. \u00ab\u00a0Although most opposition blocs and groups announced the end of their boycott before this happened &mdash; particularly the Islamists of the Muslim Brotherhood and the Salafists &mdash; preparation for early elections was not on their agenda; they were waiting for next summer.\u00a0\u00bb Many of these will now run in new elections on 26 November, and the move to undermine their participation may have backfired.<\/p>\n<p>As Giorgio Cafiero noted, this year, low oil prices have lead Kuwait to run its first deficit in 16 years, \u00ab\u00a0prompting the government to implement unpopular austerity measures,\u00a0\u00bb leading Kuwaiti nationals to \u00ab\u00a0fear reductions and slashes in long-provided social services.\u00a0\u00bb In his view, the dissolution of parliament may have been a timely effort to deflect the potential for questioning government officials over new economic policies.<\/p>\n<p>The return of opposition groups to the National Assembly at a time of economic uncertainties may signal political turmoil in Kuwait, depending on how these lawmakers could affect public policy, how they will balance relations with power groups in the country, and what relations develop between the al-Sabah family and the political opposition, and between Sunni and Shia lawmakers.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/opinion\/2016\/10\/19\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/opinion\/2016\/10\/19\/<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/originals\/2016\/10\/cheap-oil-politically-expensive-kuwait-parliament.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/originals\/2016\/10\/cheap-oil-politically<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.middleeastmonitor.com\/20161022-the-kuwaiti-oppositions-return-to-the-parliament\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.middleeastmonitor.com\/20161022<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/10\/16\/kuwaits-parliament-speaker-calls-for-new-elections\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/10\/16\/kuwaits-parliament-speaker<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/gulfnews.com\/news\/gulf\/kuwait\/islamists-vow-return-to-kuwait-parliament-1.1917118#.WA0pm4SWDl4.twitter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/gulfnews.com\/news\/gulf\/kuwait\/islamists-vow-return-to-kuwait-parliament<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/10\/16\/kuwaiti-cabinet-resigns-and-parliament-dissolves\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/10\/16\/kuwaiti-cabinet<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.middleeastmonitor.com\/20161018-kuwaiti-elections-set-for-november\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.middleeastmonitor.com\/20161018<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tunisia, 23.10.2016: Leadership Struggles Further Weaken Tunisia&rsquo;s Modernist Parties<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The saga of splits, defections, resignations and below-the-belt hits is showing no sign of abating within Tunisia&rsquo;s so-called modernist political parties. Indeed, the crisis within Nida Tounes has hit a new low with the freezing of the activities of the party&rsquo;s regional section of Manouba. This latest episode in the crisis within Nida Tounes coincided with statements by former minister and party leading figure Faouzi Akermi that a new party structure and organisation would be decided on 20 November. Akremi said that the post of the party executive director (currently held by Hafedh Essebsi son of President Caid Essebsi) would be abolished. Besides, four MPs from Nidaa&rsquo;s parliamentary bloc have resigned, while another 15 threatening to follow suit. The Movement for Tunisia&rsquo;s Project, founded by Mohsen Merzouk last March, after defecting from Nidaa Tounes, is not immune from leadership struggles within his nascent party either. Merzouk is facing four law suits in court brought against him by members of his political bureau regarding the election of the party&rsquo;s organs, held in September and October.<\/p>\n<p>The third modernist political group that has been going through difficult times is Mustapha Ben Jaafar&rsquo;s Forum d&eacute;mocratique pour le travail et les libert&eacute;s (or Ettakatol), which formed the 2011 Troika government with Ennahdah and the Congress for the Republic. Mohamed Bennour, co-founder of the party in 1994, announced early this week his resignation from the party citing his deception as to the inability of his party to reform itself after the electoral failure of 2014. Besides, Bennour criticised Ben Jaafar&rsquo;s clinging to the party&rsquo;s leadership and his refusal to allow young leaders to revive the party&rsquo;s mechanisms.<\/p>\n<p>The picture is not brighter within the leftist camp either. In early September Mongi Rahoui, leader of the Parti unifi&eacute; des patriotes d&eacute;mocrates (Watad), under the Popular Front umbrella, criticised the PF&rsquo;s leader Hama Hamami&rsquo;s political options and lack of democratisation within the PF. Mongi went public following Hamami&rsquo;s rejection of PM Youcef Chahed&rsquo;s invitation for dialogue on the formation of his national coalition government. Mongi alerted Hamami that the PF must change its discourse and can no longer take refuge in its \u00ab\u00a0categoric and permanent rejection of the policies formulated by the government and its quasi-constant opposition.\u00a0\u00bb Mongi warned that Tunisians had enough of such a policy and that it should not be taken for granted that the quarter of a million who voted for the FP in 2014, would do so again come the next local elections.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lapresse.tn\/23102016\/121755\/nida-tounes-et-le-nouveau-parti.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lapresse.tn\/23102016\/121755\/nida-tounes<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.letemps.com.tn\/article\/99737\/mohsen-marzouk-sur-la-corde-raide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.letemps.com.tn\/article\/99737\/mohsen-marzouk<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.leconomistemaghrebin.com\/2016\/10\/24\/ettakatol-mohamed-bennour-demission\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.leconomistemaghrebin.com\/2016\/10\/24\/ettakatol<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2016\/09\/08\/mongi-rahoui-marque-sa-difference-au-sein-du-front-populaire\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2016\/09\/08\/mongi-rahoui-marque-sa-difference<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Libya, 14-23.10.2016: Five Years On, Libya Struggles to find Peace<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>On 14 October, Khalifa Ghweil announced that the General National Congress (GNC)&rsquo;s Salvation Government was back in business after Serraj&rsquo;s Government of National Accord (GNA) failed to deliver, according to him. The GNC&rsquo;s government declared its comeback from the GNC&rsquo;s building where Abderahman Swihli&rsquo;s High Council of State (HCS) conducted its business, for the last four months or so. Ghweil took control of the facility with support from the Presidential Guard which abandoned the HCS a few weeks earlier, after Swihli failed to pay salaries. The takeover by the GNC was condemned by Faieze Serraj, GNA, Martin Kobler, UNSMIL, and by the Neighbours of Libya gathering, which met in Niamey, last week. All three bodies insisted that the United Nations-brokered Libyan Political Agreement of 17 December 2015, was the sole framework for political transition in Libya.<\/p>\n<p>Facts on the ground are different, however. The GNA went on a few days later to demonstrate the support it enjoyed among sections of the army in the east. A gathering of a few hundred army officers took place on 19 December, at Radisson Blu hotel, where they rejected any role for the military in politics, as well as disowned Khalifa Hafter as a war criminal. The gathering was attended by Faiez Serraj and among the officers present were Masrati military figures as well. The officers gathering gave Serraj 30 days to nominate all military and security posts. Meanwhile, Major-General Mohamed Al-Ajtal had talks with Algerian Deputy Defence Minister Ahmed Gaid Salah as part of the eight defence meeting of the 5 + 5 group of western Mediterranean countries. Serraj&rsquo;s Presidential Council has not yet officially appointed a chief of staff, but Al-Ajtal&rsquo;s representation of Libya at the 5+5 Group meeting in Algiers was understood by some observers as an indication of the GNA&rsquo;s preference.<\/p>\n<p>Militarily, there has been reports of the Jabal Nafousa Amazigh towns uniting under one single military command, which includes the Arab Zintan tribe. The latter has been in a loose alliance with Khalifa Hafter since Operation Libya Dawn ended Zintan&rsquo;s control of Tripoli in summer 2014. All these developments coincided with the fifth anniversary of the fall of Qaddafi&rsquo;s regime on 23 October 2011. Five years on, Libyans are struggling to navigate a particularly chaotic transition characterised by internal civil war, and regional and international intervention. Facing such a situation and two months before the end of the mandate of the GNA Kobler is trying to revive the Constitution Drafting Assembly, which met last spring in Oman, but was boycotted by 19 members, including three ethnic minority representatives. Kobler met with around 10 of them last week to convince them to agree in principle to the draft finalised in Oman, and postpone points of reserve later. Speaking on Al Nabaa TV, a representative of the boycotters let it be understood that Kobler&rsquo;s approach was not that convincing.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.marsad.ly\/en\/2016\/10\/16\/libya-rival-group-seizes-un-backed-government-offices\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.marsad.ly\/en\/2016\/10\/16\/libya-rival-group-seizes-un-backed-government-offices<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.marsad.ly\/en\/2016\/10\/22\/eu-arab-league-call-ending-libyan-crisis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.marsad.ly\/en\/2016\/10\/22\/eu-arab-league-call-ending-libyan-crisis<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.marsad.ly\/en\/2016\/10\/19\/khalifa-haftar-war-criminal-final-statement-libyan-army-meeting-says\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.marsad.ly\/en\/2016\/10\/19\/khalifa-haftar-war-criminal-final-statement<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.libyaherald.com\/2016\/10\/20\/libya-takes-part-in-55-defence-talks-in-algiers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.libyaherald.com\/2016\/10\/20\/libya-takes-part-in-55-defence-talks-in-algiers<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/unsmil.unmissions.org\/Default.aspx?tabid=5662&amp;ctl=Details&amp;mid=6187&amp;ItemID=2099754&amp;language=en-US\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/unsmil.unmissions.org\/Default.aspx?tabid=5662&amp;ctl=Details&amp;mid=6187<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aps.dz\/monde\/47842-la-r%C3%A9union-de-niamey-traduit-l-attachement-des-pays-voisins-%C3%A0-faire-aboutir-le-processus-politique-libyen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.aps.dz\/monde\/47842<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/alnabaa.tv\/news\/view\/9289\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/alnabaa.tv\/news\/view\/9289<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Maroc, 24.10.2016 : Alliances marocaines pour former le gouvernement<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Apr&egrave;s le scrutin du 7 octobre qui a confirm&eacute; le parti islamiste du PJD au pouvoir au Maroc avec 125 si&egrave;ges, est venue l&rsquo;heure de la formation d&rsquo;un nouveau gouvernement, t&acirc;che &agrave; laquelle doit s&rsquo;atteler M. Benkirane, charg&eacute; de le composer. N&rsquo;ayant pas obtenu le nombre de votes suffisant pour avoir la majorit&eacute; absolue, les tractations afin de former une coalition gouvernementale ont donc commenc&eacute;. Le PPS (Parti du Progr&egrave;s et du Socialisme) totalisant 12 si&egrave;ges, alli&eacute; de longue date du PJD, a d&rsquo;ores et d&eacute;j&agrave; &eacute;t&eacute; annonc&eacute; comme partie int&eacute;grante de la nouvelle alliance gouvernementale. Le 22 octobre, lors de son conseil national extraordinaire, l&rsquo;Istiqlal, pourtant en froid avec le PJD depuis ces 4 derni&egrave;res ann&eacute;es, a inform&eacute; qu&rsquo;il participerait aussi au prochain gouvernement, annonce confirm&eacute;e le m&ecirc;me jour par M. Benkirane. Ce parti, arriv&eacute; en troisi&egrave;me position aux &eacute;lections avec 46 si&egrave;ges, ne permet pour le moment au chef du gouvernement d&eacute;sign&eacute; de n&rsquo;avoir qu&rsquo;un bloc de 183 d&eacute;put&eacute;s alors que la majorit&eacute; parlementaire en requiert au moins 198. Les espoirs se tournent donc vers l&rsquo;USFP (l&rsquo;Union Socialiste des Forces Populaires), m&ecirc;me si ce parti n&rsquo;a pas encore certifi&eacute; son entr&eacute;e dans la coalition, il a laiss&eacute; la porte ouverte par la voix de son premier secr&eacute;taire, M. Lachgar, qui a d&eacute;clar&eacute; que sa faction &laquo; facilitera la mission du Chef du gouvernement pour former une majorit&eacute;, et qu&rsquo;il ne fera pas de sabotage &agrave; ce niveau &raquo;.<\/p>\n<p>Le PAM, ayant obtenu 102 si&egrave;ges, a quant &agrave; lui avertit qu&rsquo;il resterait sur ses positions en restant dans l&rsquo;opposition, et n&rsquo;entrerait en aucun cas dans le gouvernement.<\/p>\n<p>A noter aussi que 12 ministres ont pr&eacute;sent&eacute; leur d&eacute;mission du gouvernement suite &agrave; leur &eacute;lection en tant que d&eacute;put&eacute;. En effet, le mandat de d&eacute;put&eacute; est incompatible avec une fonction au sein du gouvernement selon la loi qui interdit le cumul des mandats. Lui aussi &eacute;lu d&eacute;put&eacute; dans la circonscription de Sal&eacute; M&eacute;dina, le cas de M. Benkirane qui n&rsquo;est officiellement pas encore chef du gouvernement, reste flou.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/lematin.ma\/journal\/2016\/le-pps-et-l-istiqlal-participeront-au-futur-gouvernement-l-usfp-temporise\/256661.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/lematin.ma\/journal\/2016\/le-pps-et-l-istiqlal-participeront-au-futur-gouvernement<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/fatiha-daoudi\/le-cirque-des-negociations-gouvernementales-ou-le-degout-politique-assure_b_12610862.html?utm_hp_ref=maghreb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/fatiha-daoudi\/le-cirque-des-negociations<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/2016\/10\/23\/istiqlal-gouvernement_n_12608626.html?utm_hp_ref=maghreb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/2016\/10\/23\/istiqlal-gouvernement<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/2016\/01\/31\/maroc-istiqlal-politique_n_9125818.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/2016\/01\/31\/maroc-istiqlal-politique<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.medias24.com\/MAROC\/NATION\/POLITIQUE\/167889-Voici-les-noms-des-12-ministres-deputes-demis-de-leurs-fonctions.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.medias24.com\/MAROC\/NATION\/POLITIQUE\/167889<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.medias24.com\/MAROC\/DROIT\/167757-Chambre-des-representants-Qui-sont-les-deputes-ministres-et-que-dit-la-loi-sur-l-incompatibilite.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.medias24.com\/MAROC\/DROIT\/167757<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.maghrebemergent.info\/actualite\/maghrebine\/64880-maroc-apres-le-pps-l-istiqlal-se-ralliera-au-gouvernement-de-coalition.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.maghrebemergent.info\/actualite\/maghrebine\/64880<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/367352\/politique\/maroc-casse-tete-pjd-former-gouvernement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/367352\/politique\/maroc-casse-tete-pjd-former-gouvernement<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/aujourdhui.ma\/politique\/gouvernement-encore-15-sieges-a-trouver\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/aujourdhui.ma\/politique\/gouvernement-encore-15-sieges-a-trouver<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.medias24.com\/MAROC\/NATION\/POLITIQUE\/167928-Abdelilah-Benkirane-les-elections-les-tractations-le-referentiel-islamique.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.medias24.com\/MAROC\/NATION\/POLITIQUE\/167928<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mauritanie, 19.10.16: Fin du dialogue politique, le pr&eacute;sident mauritanien Ould Abdel Aziz annonce des r&eacute;formes constitutionnelles, sans toucher aux limites du mandat pr&eacute;sidentiel<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Apr&egrave;s trois semaines de discussions et d&rsquo;&eacute;changes entre acteurs politiques locaux, pour la plupart proches du pouvoir, &laquo; le dialogue national inclusif &raquo; a &eacute;t&eacute; cl&ocirc;tur&eacute; par le pr&eacute;sident Ould Abdel Aziz. Dans un discours assez offensif, le chef de l&rsquo;Etat a tranch&eacute;, de mani&egrave;re claire et ferme, sur la question de sa candidature pour un troisi&egrave;me mandat, question qui a anim&eacute; bien des discussions ces derniers temps en Mauritanie.<\/p>\n<p>Selon lui, la modification de la constitution pour l&rsquo;int&eacute;r&ecirc;t d&rsquo;un individu ou d&rsquo;un groupe ne saurait se faire en raison de l&rsquo;imp&eacute;ratif d&eacute;mocratique. L&rsquo;article 28 ne sert qu&rsquo;une seule personne, en l&rsquo;occurrence lui-m&ecirc;me. En d&eacute;pit du fait que des nombreux participants aient demand&eacute; son amendement, il affirme ne l&rsquo;avoir jamais demand&eacute; et n&rsquo;avoir jamais manifest&eacute; son d&eacute;sir d&rsquo;ouvrir les mandats pr&eacute;sidentiels.<\/p>\n<p>S&rsquo;en prenant &agrave; l&rsquo;opposition, il l&rsquo;a accus&eacute;e de vouloir d&eacute;stabiliser le pays et d&rsquo;aspirer &agrave; en faire &laquo; un Etat instable comme ceux qui sont aujourd&rsquo;hui en proie &agrave; la guerre et aux divisions suite aux r&eacute;voltes &raquo; ; allusion &agrave; peine voil&eacute;e &agrave; la Libye, &agrave; la Syrie et &agrave; l&rsquo;Irak.<\/p>\n<p>Aussi, le pr&eacute;sident Ould Abdel Aziz s&rsquo;en est-il pris, de mani&egrave;re voil&eacute;e, &agrave; Messaoud Ould Boulkheir, pr&eacute;sident du Conseil &eacute;conomique et social et par ailleurs pr&eacute;sident du parti Alliance populaire progressiste (APP) qui avait refus&eacute; que la question du troisi&egrave;me mandat soit abord&eacute;e dans les discussions. Ould Abdel Aziz a accus&eacute; son alli&eacute; de vouloir &laquo; obtenir un traitement personnel de faveur dans la constitution &raquo; par la r&eacute;duction de l&rsquo;&acirc;ge requis pour se porter candidat &agrave; la magistrature supr&ecirc;me. Les 75 ans pr&eacute;vus par l&rsquo;actuel texte seront maintenus, ce qui exclura, de facto et de jure, Ahmed Ould Daddah (pr&eacute;sident du RFD, opposition radicale, boycottiste) et Messaoud Ould Boulkheir (APP, opposition mod&eacute;r&eacute;e, participationniste) qui d&eacute;passeront, de loin, 75 ans en 2019, date du prochain scrutin pr&eacute;sidentiel.<\/p>\n<p>Une fois l&rsquo;&eacute;pineuse question du mandat d&eacute;pass&eacute;e, les r&eacute;formes constitutionnelles porteront, d&rsquo;abord, sur des questions &laquo; symboliques &raquo;, comme l&#8217;embl&egrave;me, le drapeau et l&rsquo;hymne national, questions que les Mauritaniens jugent pourtant tr&egrave;s secondaires, voire futiles.<\/p>\n<p>Par contre, des questions politiques de taille qui auront un impact direct sur la vie politique et institutionnelle du pays ont &eacute;t&eacute; soulev&eacute;es. Il s&rsquo;agit, notamment, de la dissolution du S&eacute;nat, de la Haute Cour de Justice, du Haut Conseil islamique, de l&rsquo;institution du M&eacute;diateur de la R&eacute;publique, de la cr&eacute;ation de nouveaux conseils r&eacute;gionaux et l&rsquo;&eacute;largissement du nombre des d&eacute;put&eacute;s. Le pr&eacute;sident de l&rsquo;Assembl&eacute;e nationale assurera, d&eacute;sormais, les charges de chef de l&rsquo;Etat en cas d&#8217;emp&ecirc;chement du pr&eacute;sident &eacute;lu. Si le chef de la chambre est emp&ecirc;ch&eacute;, ce privil&egrave;ge reviendra au pr&eacute;sident du Conseil constitutionnel.<\/p>\n<p>Certaines de ces d&eacute;cisions, fortement contest&eacute;es, notamment par les membres du S&eacute;nat en instance de dissolution, seront soumises &agrave; un referendum populaire qui sera organis&eacute; en d&eacute;cembre 2016. Une fois les r&eacute;formes valid&eacute;es, des &eacute;lections l&eacute;gislatives anticip&eacute;es seront organis&eacute;es en 2017. Tout comme seront &eacute;lus les membres des conseils r&eacute;gionaux qui seront appel&eacute;s &agrave; remplacer les s&eacute;nateurs.<\/p>\n<p>Avec ces r&eacute;sultats, le dialogue politique national inclusif aura laiss&eacute; beaucoup de Mauritaniens sur leur faim. Certains acteurs de premier rang, notamment de l&rsquo;opposition radicale, doutent des engagements pris par le chef de l&rsquo;Etat de ne pas briguer un troisi&egrave;me mandat, l&rsquo;accusant d&rsquo;avoir &laquo; plus d&rsquo;un tour &raquo; dans ses manches. Surtout qu&rsquo;ils consid&egrave;rent que l&rsquo;institution militaire, faiseuse des rois dans le pays, n&rsquo;a pas encore d&eacute;voil&eacute; sa strat&eacute;gie sur la succession du pr&eacute;sident Aziz.<\/p>\n<p>D&rsquo;autres regrettent que les questions fondamentales qui bloquent le pays et le maintiennent dans un statu quo permanent comme la gestion des rapports intercommunautaires, la question culturelle, le r&ocirc;le de l&rsquo;arm&eacute;e dans l&rsquo;Etat, le tribalisme, le r&eacute;gionalisme, le racisme, la mauvaise gestion, la d&eacute;finition et la gestion &eacute;quilibr&eacute;e de la diplomatie du pays ont &eacute;t&eacute; pass&eacute;es sous silence. Certains segments de l&rsquo;opinion accusent le &laquo; syst&egrave;me &raquo; d&rsquo;avoir, encore une fois, noyaut&eacute; cette opportunit&eacute; pour &laquo; redresser v&eacute;ritablement le pays sur de nouvelles bases consensuelles &raquo;.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=690000\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=690000<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=690069\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=690069<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=690024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=690024<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=690048\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=690048<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=690075\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=690075<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=690063\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=690063<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=690068\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=690068<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=690058\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=690058<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mali, 21.10.16: Tenue de la douzi&egrave;me r&eacute;union du comit&eacute; de suivi de l&rsquo;Accord d&rsquo;Alger, des dissidences du CMA s&rsquo;affichent au grand jour<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Selon des sources de presse, le comit&eacute; de suivi de l&rsquo;accord de paix, sign&eacute; en juin 2014, a tenu sa douzi&egrave;me r&eacute;union &agrave; Bamako. Parmi les r&eacute;sultats encourageants de cette rencontre, les autorit&eacute;s int&eacute;rimaires r&eacute;cemment nomm&eacute;es devraient &ecirc;tre install&eacute;es d&rsquo;ici d&eacute;but novembre. Selon les m&ecirc;mes sources, cette rencontre a permis de noter des avanc&eacute;es significatives. Les groupes arm&eacute;s ont enfin d&eacute;pos&eacute; des listes compl&egrave;tes de leurs combattants qui vont prendre part aux patrouilles mixtes. Les premi&egrave;res auraient d&eacute;j&agrave; entam&eacute; leur travail dans la r&eacute;gion de Gao. Elles s&rsquo;effectuent conjointement entre des soldats de l&rsquo;arm&eacute;e r&eacute;guli&egrave;re malienne, des &eacute;l&eacute;ments du CMA et des unit&eacute;s de l&rsquo;op&eacute;ration militaire fran&ccedil;aise Barkhane.<\/p>\n<p>C&ocirc;t&eacute; calendrier, le comit&eacute; de suivi a propos&eacute; que les autorit&eacute;s int&eacute;rimaires r&eacute;cemment nomm&eacute;es soient install&eacute;es entre le 1er et le 10 novembre. Des dates accept&eacute;es par toutes les parties m&ecirc;me si, ces derniers jours, quelques tensions ont vu le jour au sein de la CMA.<\/p>\n<p>En effet, la Coordination des mouvements de l&rsquo;Azawad (CMA) qui f&eacute;d&eacute;rait l&rsquo;ensemble des forces dissidentes du nord, vient de conna&icirc;tre une dissidence de taille. Quatre mouvements jusque-l&agrave; affili&eacute;s &agrave; celle-ci viennent de signer un protocole d&rsquo;accord scellant leur s&eacute;paration organisationnelle et politique.<\/p>\n<p>Apr&egrave;s l&rsquo;apparition les semaines derni&egrave;res de la CPA et de la CMFPR-II, la CMA vient d&rsquo;enregistrer des nouveaux d&eacute;parts, le Mouvement pour le salut de l&rsquo;Azawad (MSA) et le Congr&egrave;s pour la justice dans l&rsquo;Azawad (CJA), deux groupes cr&eacute;&eacute;s r&eacute;cemment. Ceux-ci ont d&eacute;cid&eacute; de faire cause commune avec la CPA et la CMFPR-II.<\/p>\n<p>Le 20 octobre dernier, un protocole d&rsquo;accord a &eacute;t&eacute; sign&eacute; entre ces mouvements qui sont d&eacute;sormais entr&eacute;s en dissidence avec la CMA. Cette derni&egrave;re &eacute;tait essentiellement compos&eacute;e du Mouvement de lib&eacute;ration de l&rsquo;Azawad (MNLA), du Haut-Conseil uni de l&rsquo;Azawad (HCUA) et du Mouvement arabe de l&rsquo;Azawad (MAA).<\/p>\n<p>Selon certains analystes maliens, cette &eacute;ni&egrave;me dissidence qui intervient &agrave; moins d&rsquo;un mois apr&egrave;s l&rsquo;assassinat du Cheikh Aoussa (ex-num&eacute;ro 2 de HCUA), constitue un coup dur contre Iyad Ag Ghali et son mouvement.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/politique\/mali-reunion-fructueuse-comite-de-suivi-de-laccord-de-paix-1848362.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/politique\/mali-reunion-fructueuse-comite-de-suivi-de-laccord-de-paix<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/la-situation-politique-et-securitaire-au-nord\/autorites-interimaires-letat-decret-etles-nouvelles-frictions-1842912.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/la-situation-politique-et-securitaire-au-nord\/autorites-interimaires<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/maliactu.net\/crise-a-la-cma-les-dessous-dune-rebellion-dans-lex-rebellion\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/maliactu.net\/crise-a-la-cma-les-dessous-dune-rebellion-dans-lex-rebellion<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/la-situation-politique-et-securitaire-au-nord\/cma-dissidence-se-renforce-1848192.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/la-situation-politique-et-securitaire-au-nord\/cma-dissidence-se-renforce<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-le-mali-cest-fini-pour-iyad-ag-ghaly\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-le-mali-cest-fini-pour-iyad-ag-ghaly<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Niger, 19.10.2016 : Nomination d&rsquo;un nouveau gouvernement<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Le pr&eacute;sident nig&eacute;rien, Mahamadou Issoufou, a op&eacute;r&eacute;, le 19 octobre, un large remaniement du gouvernement. M. Brigi Rafini, un touar&egrave;gue du nord du pays, reste premier ministre, tandis que le parti de Seini Oumarou, l&rsquo;un des leaders de l&rsquo;opposition qui s&rsquo;&eacute;tait port&eacute; candidat &agrave; la derni&egrave;re pr&eacute;sidentielle, r&eacute;cup&egrave;re plusieurs portefeuilles.<\/p>\n<p>Compos&eacute; de 42 ministres, ce remaniement n&rsquo;a comport&eacute; aucune surprise majeure. La r&eacute;duction du nombre des portefeuilles minist&eacute;riels, longtemps demand&eacute;e par la classe politiques et certaines organisations de la soci&eacute;t&eacute; civile n&rsquo;a pas &eacute;t&eacute; prise en compte. N&eacute;anmoins, quelques changements de taille sont signal&eacute;s dans le cadre d&rsquo;un jeu de chaises musicales. On note &eacute;galement l&rsquo;entr&eacute;e du Mouvement national pour la soci&eacute;t&eacute; du d&eacute;veloppement (MNSD), qui avait ralli&eacute; la majorit&eacute; pr&eacute;sidentielle fin ao&ucirc;t, dans le gouvernement, d&eacute;crochant six minist&egrave;res.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/366894\/politique\/niger-mahamadou-issoufou-nomme-nouveau-gouvernement-incluant-mnsd\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/366894\/politique\/niger-mahamadou-issoufou-nomme<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/367282\/politique\/niger-seini-oumarou-nomme-haut-representant-chef-de-letat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/367282\/politique\/niger-seini-oumarou-nomme<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>RELATIONS BETWEEN COMMUNITIES OF DIFFERENT ETHNIC, CULTURAL AND RELIGIOUS AFFILIATIONS \/ <br \/>RELATIONS ENTRE COMMUNAUT&Eacute;S DE DIFF&Eacute;RENTES AFFILIATIONS ETHNIQUES, CULTURELLES ET RELIGIEUSES<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Bahrain, 20-26.10.16: Seizure and Auction of al-Wefaq Association and Assets<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The confiscated assets of the influential al-Wefaq Association, also known as the Islamic National Accord Association, will be auctioned by the Government of Bahrain, on 26 October.<\/p>\n<p>The process of dissolving the opposition group has been underway since July 2016 however, after the Bahraini Appeals Court supported a ruling to close al-Wefaq&rsquo;s headquarters, the organization was finally dissolved on terrorism-related charges on 22 October. Photos have circulated the web, showing security forces confiscating the possessions and properties from the society&rsquo;s headquarters in Manama and Malikiya.<\/p>\n<p>The main opposition group of the country, al-Wefaq&rsquo;s members has played a central role in Shia-led demonstrations since the 1990s, and it was also the largest bloc in Bahraini parliament before its members collectively resigned after the state&rsquo;s violent reaction to demonstrations inspired by the 2011 uprisings. Since then, hundreds Bahraini Shia have been arrested and sentenced, and the national authorities have also stripped hundreds more of their nationalities.<\/p>\n<p>This latest step by the Bahraini government is perceived by some local commentators as one of a series of \u00ab\u00a0extreme decisions taken against the opposition and Shiite majority, [including] revoking the citizenship of the Shiite majority spiritual leader, Ayatollah Sheikh Isa Qassim.\u00a0\u00bb The dissolution came at a time of increased moves against opposition figures and human rights activists in the kingdom, including numerous Shia clerics, leading rights activist, Nabeel Rajab. The secretary-general of al-Wefaq, Ali Salman, has also been in prison since December 2014, convicted for four years on charges including having links with \u00ab\u00a0sectarian and extremist political parties that adopt terrorism\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/10\/22\/bahrain-to-sell-off-banned-opposition-groups-assets\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/10\/22\/bahrain-to-sell-off-banned-opposition<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/bhmirror.myftp.biz\/en\/news\/34306.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/bhmirror.myftp.biz\/en\/news\/34306<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.almasdarnews.com\/article\/bahrain-regime-auction-al-wefaqs-seized-assets\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.almasdarnews.com\/article\/bahrain-regime-auction-al-wefaqs-seized-assets<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/bahrain-court-upholds-dissolution-main-shia-opposition-group-1730362636\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/bahrain-court-upholds-dissolution-main-shia-opposition<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/10\/17\/bahrain-court-overturns-jail-term-of-opposition-chief\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/10\/17\/bahrain-court-overturns-jail-term<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>France, 26.10.16: le d&eacute;mant&egrave;lement de la jungle de Calais, une nouvelle r&eacute;alit&eacute; ?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Lundi 24 octobre 2016, le d&eacute;mant&egrave;lement de la jungle de Calais a commenc&eacute;. D&egrave;s 6h30 ce matin-l&agrave;, des centaines de r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s attendaient devant le hangar servant de centre de transit, pour partir vers une nouvelle destination. Les m&eacute;dias du monde entier sont actuellement sur place afin de suivre ce moment qualifi&eacute; d&rsquo;&laquo; historique &raquo; par la pr&eacute;f&egrave;te du Pas-de-Calais, Fabienne Buccio.<\/p>\n<p>Tout un protocole a &eacute;t&eacute; mis en place afin de permettre aux r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s de sortir du camp et de monter ensuite dans les bus qui les m&egrave;neront vers un nouveau centre d&rsquo;accueil. Cette ambiance et l&rsquo;&eacute;tat d&rsquo;esprit de chacun (r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s, policiers, militaires, b&eacute;n&eacute;voles, humanitaires, entre autres) est tr&egrave;s bien d&eacute;crite dans la bande dessin&eacute;e pleine d&rsquo;humour de Lisa Mandel et Yasmine Bouarra, dat&eacute;e du 25 octobre 2016, dans leur s&eacute;rie intitul&eacute;e &laquo; Des nouvelles de la Jungle de Calais &raquo;. Les r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s en particulier semblent un peu perdus et d&eacute;s&oelig;uvr&eacute;s lorsque vient le moment de choisir entre les diff&eacute;rentes r&eacute;gions fran&ccedil;aises, qu&rsquo;ils semblent d&eacute;couvrir.<\/p>\n<p>Lundi et mardi 24 et 25 octobre, les journalistes ont d&eacute;crit l&rsquo;atmosph&egrave;re comme plut&ocirc;t calme. Cependant, dans la nuit de mardi &agrave; mercredi (25-26 octobre), des incendies et explosions ont eu lieu dans la jungle et un r&eacute;fugi&eacute; syrien, l&eacute;g&egrave;rement bless&eacute; a d&ucirc; &ecirc;tre transport&eacute; &agrave; l&rsquo;h&ocirc;pital. Le gouvernement a donc d&ucirc; &eacute;vacuer dans l&rsquo;urgence de nombreux r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s dont &laquo; une quinzaine de mineurs &raquo; selon Philippe Mignonnet, adjoint au maire de Calais.<\/p>\n<p>Le sort des mineurs non accompagn&eacute;s est une des principales inqui&eacute;tudes du gouvernement et des organisations internationales et non gouvernementales. La coop&eacute;ration franco-britannique a notamment permis le d&eacute;part d&rsquo;environ 80 d&rsquo;entre eux pour Croydon, Sud de Londres, afin qu&rsquo;ils puissent rejoindre leurs proches. Cependant, selon la Croix Rouge, il semblerait que plus de 1000 enfants r&eacute;sideraient toujours dans la jungle. Des discussions sont actuellement en cours entre le ministre de l&rsquo;int&eacute;rieur fran&ccedil;ais, Bernard Cazeneuve et son homologue britannique, Amber Rudd afin de g&eacute;rer au mieux cette situation. D&rsquo;apr&egrave;s un membre du parti conservateur britannique, Tobias Ellwood, une flexibilit&eacute; a &eacute;t&eacute; accord&eacute;e au processus de Dublin, notamment en termes de d&eacute;lai de transfert, bien que la question des mineurs non accompagn&eacute;s doive rester une pr&eacute;rogative de la France selon lui.<\/p>\n<p>Certains, comme Leonard Doyle, porte-parole de l&rsquo;Organisation Internationale pour les Migrations (IOM), appelle &agrave; la vigilance car ce n&rsquo;est pas, selon lui, parce que la jungle est actuellement d&eacute;mantel&eacute;e qu&rsquo;une nouvelle structure ne pourrait pas r&eacute;-&eacute;merger ailleurs dans le futur. En effet, selon l&rsquo;Editorial du Monde du 25 octobre 2016, le d&eacute;mant&egrave;lement ne r&eacute;sout pas la question de la crise des r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s. Au contraire, cette situation qualifi&eacute;e par certains d&rsquo;apocalyptique pourrait se reproduire dans le futur et &agrave; une plus grande &eacute;chelle, en raison de la multiplication des diff&eacute;rentes crises humanitaires et naturelles mais &eacute;galement au vu de la croissance d&eacute;mographique mondiale : &laquo; L&rsquo;immigration ne va pas cesser. Elle commence. D&rsquo;ici trente-cinq ans, la population active d&rsquo;une Europe vieillissante va passer de 270 millions &agrave; 200 millions. D&rsquo;ici &agrave; 2050-2060, la population de l&rsquo;Afrique &ndash; 1 milliard d&rsquo;habitants aujourd&rsquo;hui &ndash; pourrait doubler &raquo;. Selon la r&eacute;daction du Monde, le grand d&eacute;fi r&eacute;side justement dans le fait de ne plus laisser de telles structures anarchiques se d&eacute;velopper, mais au contraire de mettre l&rsquo;accent sur l&rsquo;int&eacute;gration et d&rsquo;investir, car les r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s repr&eacute;sentent une chance pour l&rsquo;&eacute;conomique europ&eacute;enne et non une menace.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/idees\/article\/2016\/10\/25\/la-jungle-de-calais-image-du-futur_5019964_3232.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/idees\/article\/2016\/10\/25\/la-jungle-de-calais-image-du-futur<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2016\/10\/24\/france-is-clearing-out-the-jungle-but-what-comes-next-refugees-migrants\/?utm_source=Sailthru&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=ed%20pix%20oct%2024&amp;utm_term=%2AEditors%20Picks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2016\/10\/24\/france-is-clearing-out-the-jungle-but<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/focus-360\/content?focus_piece=61&amp;type=ss\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/focus-360\/content?focus_piece=61<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/tempsreel.nouvelobs.com\/monde\/migrants\/20161024.OBS0236\/sangatte-la-jungle-et-apres-calais-c-est-le-rocher-de-sisyphe.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/tempsreel.nouvelobs.com\/monde\/migrants\/20161024.OBS0236\/sangatte-la-jungle-et-apres-calais<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2016\/oct\/25\/calais-camp-crews-move-in-to-begin-demolition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2016\/oct\/25\/calais-camp-crews-move-in-to-begin-demolition<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/armed-french-police-begin-clearing-calais-refugee-camp-625742001\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/armed-french-police-begin-clearing-calais-refugee-camp<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/first-migrant-children-arrive-britain-horrible-calais-camp-1823320826\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/first-migrant-children-arrive-britain-horrible-calais-camp<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/lisamandel.blog.lemonde.fr\/2016\/10\/25\/debut-du-demantelement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/lisamandel.blog.lemonde.fr\/2016\/10\/25\/debut-du-demantelement<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.francebleu.fr\/infos\/faits-divers-justice\/calais-le-demantelement-de-la-jungle-commence-suivez-notre-direct-1477053564\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.francebleu.fr\/infos\/faits-divers-justice\/calais-le-demantelement-de-la-jungle<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.francebleu.fr\/infos\/societe\/evacuation-de-la-jungle-de-calais-un-moment-historique-pour-la-prefete-du-pas-de-calais-1477297700\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.francebleu.fr\/infos\/societe\/evacuation-de-la-jungle-de-calais-un-moment-historique<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/societe\/article\/2016\/10\/26\/incendies-et-explosion-dans-la-jungle-de-calais_5020444_3224.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/societe\/article\/2016\/10\/26\/incendies-et-explosion-dans-la-jungle-de-calais<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tobiasellwood.com\/unaccompanied-children-calais-camps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.tobiasellwood.com\/unaccompanied-children-calais-camps<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/economie\/article\/2015\/09\/02\/l-arrivee-de-migrants-n-est-pas-un-danger-pour-l-economie-europeenne_4743046_3234.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/economie\/article\/2015\/09\/02\/l-arrivee-de-migrants<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hongrie, 25.10.16: Deux femmes en Burkini expuls&eacute;es des bains Sz&eacute;chenyi de Budapest et anniversaire de l&rsquo;insurrection de Budapest (23 octobre 1956)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Le 9 octobre dernier, deux femmes en Burkini ont &eacute;t&eacute; expuls&eacute;es des fameux bains de Sz&eacute;chenyi situ&eacute;s &agrave; Budapest (Hongrie) par le personnel de ce lieu. Selon la directrice des bains, il semblerait que l&rsquo;&eacute;tablissement ait re&ccedil;u des plaintes de clients comme quoi des personnes se baigneraient avec des tenues de bain inappropri&eacute;es. La politique des bains en la mati&egrave;re a donc &eacute;t&eacute; invoqu&eacute;e afin d&rsquo;expulser ces deux personnes. Cette politique mentionnerait entre autres qu&rsquo;il est interdit de se couvrir les bras et l&rsquo;enti&egrave;ret&eacute; des jambes, pour des raisons d&rsquo;hygi&egrave;ne.<\/p>\n<p>Cette pol&eacute;mique intervient alors que la crise des r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s repr&eacute;sente toujours un important d&eacute;fi pour l&rsquo;Europe et pour la Hongrie, qui m&egrave;ne une politique protectionniste vis-&agrave;-vis de son territoire et de ses valeurs. Il intervient &eacute;galement alors que l&rsquo;anniversaire de l&rsquo;insurrection de Budapest (23 octobre 1956) a &eacute;t&eacute; c&eacute;l&eacute;br&eacute; en grandes pompes dans la capitale Budapest. Le lien entre la situation de l&rsquo;&eacute;poque ayant fait fuir des milliers de Hongrois notamment pour l&rsquo;Europe de l&rsquo;Ouest et les Etats-Unis, et la situation actuelle, n&rsquo;a cependant pas &eacute;t&eacute; fait. Bien au contraire, un prix a &eacute;t&eacute; remis &agrave; la journaliste Petra Laszlo dans le cadre du Lakitalek festival. Cette derni&egrave;re est notamment connue pour avoir fait un croche pied &agrave; un migrant fuyant les forces de police hongroises, au plus fort de la crise des r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s le 8 septembre 2015. Ce prix lui a paradoxalement &eacute;t&eacute; remis pour un film retra&ccedil;ant la r&eacute;volte de la Hongrie contre l&rsquo;Union Sovi&eacute;tique en 1956, tragiquement r&eacute;prim&eacute;e et qui avait caus&eacute; la fuite de 200&rsquo;000 Hongrois.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.express.co.uk\/news\/world\/722602\/NEW-BURKINI-ROW-Women-thrown-out-baths-Hungary-wearing-Islamic-swimwear\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.express.co.uk\/news\/world\/722602\/NEW-BURKINI-ROW-Women-thrown-out-baths-Hungary<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/hungarytoday.hu\/news\/two-burkini-dressed-women-thrown-szechenyi-baths-70633\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/hungarytoday.hu\/news\/two-burkini-dressed-women-thrown-szechenyi-baths<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/aqbyrne\/status\/786909974198947841\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/twitter.com\/aqbyrne\/status\/786909974198947841<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/0a73b30e-9520-11e6-a80e-bcd69f323a8b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/0a73b30e-9520-11e6-a80e-bcd69f323a8b<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>VIOLENT EXTREMISM AND THE WAR ON TERROR \/ EXTR&Eacute;MISME VIOLENT ET LA GUERRE CONTRE LA TERREUR<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Egypt &amp; Cross-regional, 12 &ndash; 22.10.16: Egypt gets Closer to Syria, Russia and Iran<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Last week, the United Nations Security Council voted on two rival resolutions regarding Aleppo. One was drafted by France demanding an end to air strikes and the implementation of a no-fly zone, while the Russian resolution urged for a ceasefire but made no mention of the French clause. Egypt voted for the two drafts. The Saudi envoy to the UN, Abdullah al-Muallami, labeled Egypt&rsquo;s position as \u00ab\u00a0painful\u00a0\u00bb. Since the vote, the Ministry of Petroleum in Saudi Arabia has said that Aramco, the Saudi state-owned oil company, has suspended its oil aid to Egypt but that the five-year agreement is still in effect.<\/p>\n<p>To make things worse, Egypt also hosted one of Assad&rsquo;s top security aides for talks. Syria&rsquo;s national security chief, Ali Mamlouk, met the deputy chief of the national security department in Egyptian General Intelligence, Khaled Fawzi, in Cairo in the latest sign of a rift between Egypt and Saudi Arabia, which backs Syrian rebels.<\/p>\n<p>Egypt has made fighting Islamic militants its overriding foreign policy objective, a decision that has brought it closer to Syrian President Bashar Assad, Russia and Iran, in turn antagonizing its chief financial backer, Saudi Arabia. For many analysts, this policy is risky at a time when Egypt is struggling to contain a homegrown insurgency and tackling its worst economic crisis in decades. Saudi Arabia, which has helped keep Egypt&rsquo;s economy from collapse with billions in aid, has already signaled its displeasure by holding back promised supplies of fuel.<\/p>\n<p>Middle East expert Steven A. Cook wrote in Foreign Affairs magazine: \u00ab\u00a0Cairo&rsquo;s single-minded pursuit of the Brotherhood &#8211; and of any Islamist group that bears the slightest resemblance to the Brotherhood &#8211; has become the guiding principle of Egypt&rsquo;s foreign, as well as domestic, policy.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>In addition, Russia and Egypt are conducting the first ever joint military drills between the two nations in Africa, with over 30 nations observing the exercise that began on October 15. The ongoing drills, dubbed &lsquo;Friendship-Defenders 2016&rsquo; are part of a bilateral agreement to strengthen joint response to terrorism. According to Russian military sources cited by Kremlin-sponsored news outlet RT, the drills are focusing on special operations and hostage rescue in an urban environment.<\/p>\n<p>Muhammad Al-Zalfa, a former member of the Saudi Shura Council said, \u00ab\u00a0such (Egyptian) positions contradict with the Gulf policies and can&rsquo;t be explained except that Cairo only looks for its interests amid regional changes.\u00a0\u00bb He cited what he described as Egypt&rsquo;s moves to court the Syrian regime, lack of coordination regarding an ongoing offensive to oust ISIS group from Iraq&rsquo;s northern city of Mosul and supporting Shia Iran as examples of Cairo&rsquo;s contradictory policies.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/articles\/middle-east\/egypt-s-nightmare\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/articles\/middle-east\/egypt-s-nightmare<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/aa.com.tr\/en\/analysis-news\/egypt-s-gulf-policies-contradictory-analysts\/670350\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/aa.com.tr\/en\/analysis-news\/egypt-s-gulf-policies-contradictory-analysts\/670350<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.egyptindependent.com\/\/news\/egyptian-court-confirms-20-year-prison-sentence-morsy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.egyptindependent.com\/\/news\/egyptian-court-confirms-20-year-prison-sentence<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/10\/20\/russia-egypt-conduct-first-ever-joint-military-drills-in-africa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/10\/20\/russia-egypt-conduct-first<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dailysabah.com\/mideast\/2016\/10\/23\/gulf-growing-uncomfortable-with-egypts-syria-policy-analysts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.dailysabah.com\/mideast\/2016\/10\/23\/gulf-growing-uncomfortable<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/af.reuters.com\/article\/egyptNews\/idAFL8N1CN59W\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/af.reuters.com\/article\/egyptNews\/idAFL8N1CN59W<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Cross-regional, 18 October 2016: CSIS Survey Findings &#8211; Global Perceptions of Violent Extremism<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) in Washington DC, commissioned a global survey with 8000 participants in eight countries: China, Egypt, France, India, Indonesia, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Participants were asked 65 questions on the scope of violent extremism, motivations and drivers, responses to the threat, and effective strategies to combat it.<\/p>\n<p>Overall, respondents said terrorism is the number one challenge facing their country. Two-in-three respondents think violent extremism is a \u00ab\u00a0major\u00a0\u00bb problem in their country, led by Turkey, Indonesia and France. In everywhere except China, at least 75 percent of those surveyed expect a terrorist attack in the next year. On a more alarming note, a majority in every country believes that it is likely that violent extremist groups will acquire and use weapons of mass destruction in their lifetime. Despite widespread anxiety about the terrorist threat, 73 percent of respondents believe that the challenge of violent extremism is solvable.<\/p>\n<p>Views on motivations for violent extremism are divided between Muslim-minority and Muslim-majority countries. In every country except for Turkey and Egypt, \u00ab\u00a0religious fundamentalism\u00a0\u00bb is identified as the primary root cause of violent extremism. In Turkey, military actions by foreign governments are perceived to be the main driver, while Egyptians cite human rights abuses and poverty. A lack of moderate religious guidance comes out as a secondary influence in Indonesia, Egypt and India. Western countries also consider anti-Western sentiment to contribute to radicalization, with active recruitment mentioned in the United Kingdom and France.<\/p>\n<p>Respondents were overwhelmingly supportive of a wide range of interventions to counter violent extremism. Although military action and law enforcement strategies are at the top of the list, a significant majority of those surveyed support community-led efforts and targeted, prolonged information campaigns to undermine extremists&rsquo; narratives and ideologies. Seventy-five percent of survey participants think that social media platforms can be used effectively to amplify positive messages. Respondents were also open to cultural influencers, such as Hollywood, Bollywood, music and fashion icons, and sports figures, playing a greater role in contesting extremist propaganda. However, when asked who are the most credible messengers, respondents defaulted to religious leaders in all countries. Finally, while 64 percent of survey respondents believe that religious schools sometimes play a role in radicalization, 80 percent say that they are an important part of the solution.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/csis-prod.s3.amazonaws.com\/s3fs-public\/publication\/161018_CVE_Full_Report_CSIS.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/csis-prod.s3.amazonaws.com\/s3fs-public\/publication\/161018_CVE_Full_Report_CSIS<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.csis.org\/analysis\/survey-findings-global-perceptions-violent-extremism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.csis.org\/analysis\/survey-findings-global-perceptions-violent-extremism<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dailysabah.com\/war-on-terror\/2016\/10\/21\/more-than-70-pct-worldwide-think-violent-extremism-is-solvable-csis-research-reveals\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.dailysabah.com\/war-on-terror\/2016\/10\/21\/more-than-70-pct-worldwide<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Niger, 15.10.2016: Enl&egrave;vement d&rsquo;un humanitaire am&eacute;ricain au nord Niger<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Selon le gouvernement nig&eacute;rien, un travailleur humanitaire am&eacute;ricain, Jeffery Woodke, a &eacute;t&eacute; enlev&eacute; vendredi soir, 13 octobre, &agrave; Abalak, une pr&eacute;fecture de la r&eacute;gion de Tahoua &agrave; 350 km au nord-est de Niamey, o&ugrave; deux personnes, probablement des Nig&eacute;riens, ont &eacute;t&eacute; tu&eacute;es pendant le rapt, selon une source s&eacute;curitaire. L&rsquo;identit&eacute; des ravisseurs qui sont repartis vers le Mali n&rsquo;a pas &eacute;t&eacute; d&eacute;termin&eacute;e. Les autorit&eacute;s ont d&eacute;clench&eacute; une alerte maximum dans la zone, apr&egrave;s avoir engag&eacute; des poursuites et ayant mis toutes les voies menant au Mali sous surveillance.<\/p>\n<p>C&rsquo;est la premi&egrave;re fois qu&rsquo;un ressortissant am&eacute;ricain est enlev&eacute; au Niger. Un porte-parole du d&eacute;partement d&rsquo;Etat am&eacute;ricain a indiqu&eacute; &agrave; l&rsquo;AFP &ecirc;tre au courant d&rsquo;informations de presse sur l&rsquo;enl&egrave;vement d&rsquo;un citoyen am&eacute;ricain au Niger, mais n&rsquo;a pas souhait&eacute; faire plus de commentaire.<\/p>\n<p>En janvier 2011, deux jeunes Fran&ccedil;ais avaient &eacute;t&eacute; kidnapp&eacute;s dans un restaurant de Niamey et tu&eacute;s quelques heures plus tard, lors d&rsquo;une tentative d&rsquo;interception de leurs ravisseurs.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/365826\/politique\/humanitaire-americain-enleve-niger-deux-personnes-tuees-pendant-rapt\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/365826\/politique\/humanitaire-americain-enleve-niger-deux-personnes<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/depeches\/367794\/politique\/niger-colere-compassion-apres-lenlevement-dun-humanitaire-americain\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/depeches\/367794\/politique\/niger-colere-compassion-apres<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/367830\/politique\/burkina-faso-police-abat-jihadiste-presume-a-ouagadougou\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/367830\/politique\/burkina-faso-police-abat-jihadiste-presume<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Nig&eacute;ria, 13.10.16 : Lyc&eacute;ennes de Chibok, 21 libres et 83 autres &laquo; lib&eacute;rables sous n&eacute;gociation &raquo;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Les 21 lyc&eacute;ennes de Chibok lib&eacute;r&eacute;es jeudi 13 octobre ont retrouv&eacute; leur famille, deux jours plus tard, &agrave; Abuja. Lib&eacute;r&eacute;es suite &agrave; des n&eacute;gociations secr&egrave;tes, elles &eacute;taient rest&eacute;es plus de deux ans en captivit&eacute; entre les mains du groupe arm&eacute; violent nig&eacute;rian Boko Haram. D&rsquo;intenses n&eacute;gociations se poursuivraient pour en lib&eacute;rer d&rsquo;autres.<\/p>\n<p>Contrairement &agrave; ce que pensent beaucoup d&rsquo;analystes, les filles enlev&eacute;es &agrave; Chibok ne seraient pas entre les mains du groupe de Aboubakar Shikau. M. Garba Shehu, le porte-parole de la pr&eacute;sidence, a confirm&eacute; &agrave; la presse qu&rsquo;elles seraient entre les mains d&rsquo;un autre groupe, celui de son rival Mamman Nur et que celui-ci serait pr&ecirc;t &agrave; n&eacute;gocier leur lib&eacute;ration.<\/p>\n<p>Jeudi 13 octobre, Garba Shehu avait d&eacute;j&agrave; annonc&eacute; que la lib&eacute;ration des 21 filles &eacute;tait le &laquo; r&eacute;sultat des n&eacute;gociations entre l&rsquo;administration [nig&eacute;riane] et Boko Haram par l&rsquo;interm&eacute;diaire de la Croix rouge et du gouvernement suisse &raquo;.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;enl&egrave;vement de plus de 200 lyc&eacute;ennes de Chibok en avril 2014 &eacute;tait l&rsquo;un des th&egrave;mes de campagne du candidat Muhammadu Buhari &eacute;lu en mai 2015, devenant &eacute;galement le symbole de l&rsquo;insurrection ravageant le nord-est du Nigeria.<\/p>\n<p>Selon des observateurs, Boko Haram est extr&ecirc;mement divis&eacute;. En ao&ucirc;t, le groupe &Eacute;tat islamique, &agrave; qui Boko Haram a pr&ecirc;t&eacute; all&eacute;geance, avait d&eacute;sign&eacute; un nouveau chef de l&rsquo;organisation pour l&rsquo;Afrique de l&rsquo;Ouest en la personne d&rsquo;Abou Mosab Al Barnaoui, proche de Mamman Nur.<\/p>\n<p>Au lendemain de cette annonce, Shekau avait post&eacute; une vid&eacute;o sur YouTube affirmant qu&rsquo;il d&eacute;tenait les jeunes filles, mais n&rsquo;en avait montr&eacute; que quelques-unes en images, affirmant que les autres avaient &eacute;t&eacute; tu&eacute;es par des raids a&eacute;riens de l&rsquo;arm&eacute;e.<\/p>\n<p>Par ailleurs, le 12 octobre, une bombe artisanale a explos&eacute; &agrave; bord d&rsquo;un taxi qui transportait cinq personnes &agrave; Maiduguri, dans l&rsquo;Etat du Borno (nord). Cette explosion aurait fait huit morts et 15 bless&eacute;s. Une femme kamikaze serait &agrave; l&rsquo;origine de l&rsquo;explosion.<\/p>\n<p>Avant m&ecirc;me toute revendication, les autorit&eacute;s ont publiquement accus&eacute; le groupe Boko Haram. Celui-ci aurait fait plus de 20 000 morts et contraint plus de 2,6 millions de personnes &agrave; quitter leur foyer. La situation est d&rsquo;autant plus pr&eacute;occupante qu&rsquo;une crise alimentaire sans pr&eacute;c&eacute;dent menace la r&eacute;gion. Selon l&rsquo;ONU, 60 000 enfants pourraient ainsi mourir de faim d&rsquo;ici la fin de l&rsquo;ann&eacute;e en cours, si des mesures d&rsquo;urgences ne sont pas prises par le gouvernement nig&eacute;rian et les organisations humanitaires internationales.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/365922\/politique\/lyceennes-de-chibok-83-autres-jeunes-filles-liberables-negociation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/365922\/politique\/lyceennes-de-chibok-83-autres-jeunes-filles<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/365058\/politique\/nigeria-21-lyceennes-de-chibok-otages-de-boko-haram-liberees\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/365058\/politique\/nigeria-21-lyceennes-de-chibok-otages<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/364814\/politique\/nigeria-huit-personnes-tuees-attentat-a-maiduguri\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/364814\/politique\/nigeria-huit-personnes-tuees-attentat-a-maiduguri<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/364909\/politique\/dix-ans-apres-creation-letat-islamique-afrique\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/364909\/politique\/dix-ans-apres-creation-letat-islamique-afrique<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.rfi.fr\/afrique\/20161013-nigeria-autorites-annoncent-liberation-21-lyceennes-chibok\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.rfi.fr\/afrique\/20161013-nigeria-autorites-annoncent-liberation-21-lyceennes-chibok<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mali, 16.10.16: D&eacute;marrage d&rsquo;une grande patrouille commune &agrave; Gao<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mise en place officiellement pour lutter contre le ph&eacute;nom&egrave;ne d&rsquo;ins&eacute;curit&eacute; qui r&eacute;duit la mobilit&eacute; des populations dans la zone de Gao, une grande patrouille regroupant les forces arm&eacute;es maliennes, la Plateforme (CMA) et la force Batkhane, est entr&eacute;e en fonction, le 23 octobre 2016 &agrave; Gao. La c&eacute;r&eacute;monie de lancement a &eacute;t&eacute; organis&eacute;e lors d&rsquo;une c&eacute;r&eacute;monie &agrave; laquelle a pris part le Commandant de la zone militaire.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;objectif serait d&rsquo;assurer la s&eacute;curit&eacute; des populations civiles dans la zone. M&ecirc;me s&rsquo;il ne s&rsquo;agit pas d&rsquo;une patrouille mixte dans les formes pr&eacute;vues par l&rsquo;accord de paix, l&rsquo;initiative n&rsquo;en demeure pas moins jug&eacute;e salutaire par les populations. Surtout que la zone de Gao est le th&eacute;&acirc;tre d&rsquo;actes de braquages, d&rsquo;attaques &agrave; la mine et autres engins explosifs improvis&eacute;s depuis la fin de l&rsquo;occupation de la zone par les groupes arm&eacute;s en 2012, ins&eacute;curit&eacute; qui a men&eacute; &agrave; l&rsquo;interruption du trafic sur plusieurs axes de la r&eacute;gion. Soutenue par les autorit&eacute;s r&eacute;gionales, la patrouille s&rsquo;attellera donc (dans un premier temps) &agrave; mener des op&eacute;rations de s&eacute;curisation &agrave; l&rsquo;int&eacute;rieur de la ville. Plus tard, elle m&egrave;nera des op&eacute;rations de ratissage aux alentours de la ville, ainsi que sur les grands axes routiers.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/la-situation-politique-et-securitaire-au-nord\/lutte-contre-linsecurite-a-gao-demarrage-reussi-dune-grande-patrouille-commune-fama-groupes-armes-force-barkhane-1848482.html?doing_wp_cron=1477295898.3367478847503662109375\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/la-situation-politique-et-securitaire-au-nord<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-une-infirmiere-tuee-dans-une-attaque-contre-un-vehicule-dun-service-de-sante\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-une-infirmiere-tuee-dans-une-attaque<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>EV&Egrave;NEMENTS<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tchad : Formation sur la mise en place de cellules de veille<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La semaine du 16 au 21 octobre 2016, des repr&eacute;sentants de la Fondation Cordoue de Gen&egrave;ve et de CARIM (Culture and Religion in Mediation Program) du Center for Security Studies &agrave; l&rsquo;Ecole polytechnique de Zurich, se sont rendus &agrave; N&rsquo;Djam&eacute;na au Tchad afin de donner une formation, en partenariat avec le D&eacute;partement f&eacute;d&eacute;ral des affaires &eacute;trang&egrave;res Suisse et le Centre Al Mouna (N&rsquo;Djamena, Tchad). Cette formation s&rsquo;est d&eacute;roul&eacute;e dans le cadre de la mise en place de cellules de veille (Early Warning et Rapide Response) &agrave; N&rsquo;Djam&eacute;na, dans le but de pr&eacute;venir l&rsquo;&eacute;mergence de conflits violents. Nous tenons encore une fois &agrave; remercier nos partenaires, notamment le Bureau de la Coop&eacute;ration Suisse &agrave; N&rsquo;Djamena pour son accueil.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Liban : Dialogue intercommunautaire pour une meilleure coh&eacute;sion sociale<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La Fondation Cordoue de Gen&egrave;ve en partenariat avec le secteur d&rsquo;activit&eacute;s &laquo; Religions, politique, conflits &raquo; de la division de la S&eacute;curit&eacute; humaine du D&eacute;partement f&eacute;d&eacute;ral des affaires &eacute;trang&egrave;res suisse a effectu&eacute; une mission &agrave; Beyrouth entre le 10 et le 13 octobre dernier.<\/p>\n<p>Le but du &laquo; Projet Liban &raquo; du programme &laquo; Moyen Orient &raquo; est de faciliter des actions conjointes entre communaut&eacute;s libanaises de diff&eacute;rentes r&eacute;f&eacute;rences religieuses et confessionnelles, de contribuer &agrave; l&rsquo;interaction pacifique entre les communaut&eacute;s libanaises, en particulier entre sunnites et chiites, et de promouvoir le sens de l&rsquo;int&eacute;r&ecirc;t commun et de la citoyennet&eacute; dans la soci&eacute;t&eacute; libanaise.<\/p>\n<p>Outre des entretiens bilat&eacute;raux avec des acteurs politiques et de la soci&eacute;t&eacute; civile libanais, la Fondation Cordoue a organis&eacute; deux ateliers de discussions ayant pour objectif d&rsquo;explorer la faisabilit&eacute; de lancer des actions conjointes sur deux th&eacute;matiques retenues, l&rsquo;aide aux r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s syriens et la question des d&eacute;tenus du Tribunal militaire.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/assafir.com\/article\/513792?utm_campaign=magnet&amp;utm_source=article_page&amp;utm_medium=related_articles\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/assafir.com\/article\/513792<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/arabi21.com\/story\/952864\/%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%87%D9%84-%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%86\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/arabi21.com\/story\/952864<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/assafir.com\/Article\/8\/514209\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/assafir.com\/Article\/8\/514209<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><em>The views and perspectives contained in the Weekly Update are from individual contributors and external sources, and do not necessarily reflect the opinions or position of the Cordoba Foundation of Geneva. The links are neither intended as an endorsement of particular publications nor the only source for the updates, but to connect to information in the public domain, for those interested in background or further details.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>12th &#8211; 25th October 2016 Cordoba Foundation of Geneva<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":509,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-593","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-newsletter"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Cordoba Update 18\/2016 - Cordoba Peace Institute | Fran\u00e7ais<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/the-cordoba-update-18-2016\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Cordoba Update 18\/2016 - 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