{"id":537,"date":"2016-02-23T13:54:59","date_gmt":"2016-02-23T13:54:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/2016\/02\/23\/the-cordoba-update-4-2016\/"},"modified":"2023-05-30T11:37:19","modified_gmt":"2023-05-30T10:37:19","slug":"the-cordoba-update-4-2016","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/the-cordoba-update-4-2016\/","title":{"rendered":"The Cordoba Update 4\/2016"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"images\/joomlart\/article\/91b1b90c684fd8e5c2ec1b7418ca380f.jpg\" alt=\"\"><!-- {lofimg src=\"\/images\/stories\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg\"} --><\/p>\n<div><strong>8<sup>th<\/sup> &#8211; 22<sup>th<\/sup> February 2016<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div>Cordoba Foundation of Geneva<em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/div>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<style scoped=\"scoped\" type=\"text\/css\"><!--\ntd {\n\t\t\tbackground: #f5f4ef none repeat scroll 0 0;\n\t\t\tvertical-align: top;\n\t\t\tpadding: 6px 12px;\n\t\t}\n\t\tul {\n\t\t\tmargin: 0 0.5em 0 1em;\n\t\t\tpadding: 0;\n\t\t}\n\t\tli {\n\t\t\tmargin-bottom: 0;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 9px;\n\t\t\ttext-align: left;\n\t\t}\n--><\/style>\n<div>\n<table border=\"0\" style=\"width: 100%;\" cellspacing=\"4\" cellpadding=\"4\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\">In line with the programmes and projects funded by partners of the Cordoba Foundation of Geneva, updates and information are included under the following geographical regions and themes:<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\"><strong>North Africa:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\">Islamist-Secular relations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\">Transition and Political participation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\"><strong>Sahel region:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\">Interfaith relations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\">Relations between communities of different ethnic and cultural affiliation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\"><strong>Middle East:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\">Relations between Muslim communities with different religious references.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\"><strong>Cross-regional:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\">Violent extremism and the war on terror.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>ISLAMIST-SECULAR RELATIONS \/<br \/>\nRELATIONS ENTRE S\u00c9CULIERS ET ISLAMISTES<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<em>No contribution on this topic.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>TRANSITION AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION \/<br \/>\nTRANSITION ET PARTICIPATION POLITIQUE<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tunisia, 21.02.2016: How to Reform Tunisia&rsquo;s Security Sector<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The renewal of the state of emergency in Tunisia last week coupled with yet another pay raise for security forces, following their protests last January, have refocussed discussion about the reform of the security sector as Tunisia navigates its way through its political transition five years on from the 2011 uprising. The latest effort in this regard has been the splitting up of the ministry of interior into two portfolios, whereby one will be concerned with local community affairs, while the other would focus on security matters. While the move is welcome, experts such as Yezid Sayigh argue that it is not enough and a great deal remains to be done if the series of large budget injections, training, and equipment improvement allocated to the security sector were to yield the desired outcomes. Sayigh argues that the Islamist-Secular polarisation since 2011 has derailed the process of the security sector reform from the outset. Besides, the political tensions and rivalries have undermined the authority of even those career interior ministers who were appointed to lead the task, negating thereby the \u00ab\u00a0faulty assumptions\u00a0\u00bb that \u00ab\u00a0insiders\u00a0\u00bb know how to operate inside the \u00ab\u00a0&lsquo;black box\u00a0\u00bb of the ministry of interior. Furthermore, the lack of \u00ab\u00a0sufficient unity of purpose, effective political coalition building and social consensus, or coherent reform policies\u00a0\u00bb meant that \u00ab\u00a0salary increases, looser legal controls &#8230; has only allowed [the security sector] to retrench and resist being made transparent and accountable.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>Sayigh recommends an institutional re-design of the security sector that would ensure its compliance with the rule of law, citizens&rsquo; rights, and public oversight by means of parliamentary committees and civil society organisations. It should, Sayigh insists, be made clear to security sector professionals that career improvement, hiring and promotion are \u00ab\u00a0tied to improvements in performance and compliance with legal, political, and financial accountability.\u00a0\u00bb There will always be trade-offs, Sayigh explains, but a firm stand by the government is necessary for \u00ab\u00a0ending security sector impunity.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/carnegie-mec.org\/2016\/02\/05\/bringing-tunisia-s-transition-to-its-security-sector\/itmq\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/carnegie-mec.org\/2016\/02\/05\/bringing-tunisia-s-transition-to-its-security-sector<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/carnegie-mec.org\/2016\/02\/05\/ar-62592\/itmr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/carnegie-mec.org\/2016\/02\/05\/ar-62592\/itmr<\/a><em>(Arabic version)<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.crisisgroup.org\/en\/regions\/middle-east-north-africa\/north-africa\/tunisia\/161-reform-and-security-strategy-in-tunisia.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.crisisgroup.org\/en\/regions\/middle-east-north-africa\/north-africa\/tunisia<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.crisisgroup.org\/fr\/regions\/moyen-orient-afrique-du-nord\/afrique-du-nord\/Tunisia\/161-reform-and-security-strategy-in-tunisia.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.crisisgroup.org\/fr\/regions\/moyen-orient-afrique-du-nord\/afrique-du-nord\/Tunisia<\/a><em> (French version)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Egypt, 17.02.2016: Egyptian anti-torture centre vows to defy closure<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Egyptian government&rsquo;s plan to shut down a centre that aids the survivors of torture and abuse, including sexual violence, will not stop its activists from documenting cases of abuse by security forces, the centre&rsquo;s founders have said. Aida Seif el-Dawla, a psychiatrist and co-founder of the Nadeem Centre for Rehabilitation of Victims of Violence, announced at a news conference that authorities told them it will be officially closed. The centre has been licensed since 1993 and has provided hundreds of torture victims with vital services including counseling and legal assistance.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/alnadeem.org\/en\/node\/23\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/alnadeem.org\/en\/node\/23<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/2\/22\/egyptian-anti-torture-centre-vows-to-defy-closure\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/2\/22\/egyptian-anti-torture-centre-vows-to-defy-closure<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/blog\/2015\/7\/15\/torture-beatings-and-forced-confessions-continue-in-egypts-prisons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/blog\/2015\/7\/15\/torture-beatings-and-forced-confessions-continue-in-egypts<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Egypt, 20.02.2016: Egyptian 4-year-old faces life sentence and military court<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A Cairo military court has sentenced a four-year-old boy to life in prison earlier this week, for various charges including murder. The bizarre decision came after the boy, Ahmed Mansour Karni, was listed as &lsquo;wanted&rsquo; for murder, disturbance of the peace and damaging state property. In the same indictment, 115 others were also handed the same sentence for involvement in violence at a protest in the province of Fayoum.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ibtimes.co.uk\/egyptian-army-court-sentences-4-year-old-life-prison-committing-multiple-murders-1545014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.ibtimes.co.uk\/egyptian-army-court-sentences-4-year-old-life-prison-committing-multiple-murders<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/2\/19\/egyptian-4-year-old-faces-life-sentence-and-military-court\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/2\/19\/egyptian-4-year-old-faces-life-sentence-and-military-court<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Egypt, 18.02.2016: Egyptians protest after policeman kills driver<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Disgruntled Egyptians beat up a policeman, blocked roads, and surrounded the local security headquarters late Thursday night (18 February) after the officer killed 24-year-old taxi driver Mohamed Sayed in a dispute. Egypt&rsquo;s Interior Ministry said in a statement that the killing followed an argument over the sergeant&rsquo;s fare for his ride in Cairo&rsquo;s Darb al-Ahmar district.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.madamasr.com\/news\/update-policeman-beaten-hospitalized-after-shooting-driver-dead-darb-al-ahmar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.madamasr.com\/news\/update-policeman-beaten-hospitalized-after-shooting-driver-dead<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.egyptindependent.com\/news\/police-officer-kills-driver-quarrel-over-fares-ignites-protest\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.egyptindependent.com\/news\/police-officer-kills-driver-quarrel-over-fares-ignites-protest<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Egypt, 21.02.2016: Egypt&rsquo;s low ranking police officers protest<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Scores of low-ranking Egyptian police officers protested on Sunday the arrest of seven of their colleagues in front of the Security Directorate in Sharqiyah province. Egypt has recently witnessed a wave of anger against police practices following the shooting incident in Al- Darb Al- Ahmar last week and the attack on two doctors in Matariyah General Hospital in January.<\/p>\n<p>Links for more information:<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.middleeastmonitor.com\/news\/africa\/24075-egypts-low-ranking-police-officers-protest-arrest-of-colleagues\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.middleeastmonitor.com\/news\/africa\/24075<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/deadly-police-shooting-sparks-egypt-protests\/a-19059634\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/deadly-police-shooting-sparks-egypt-protests\/<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/english.alarabiya.net\/en\/News\/middle-east\/2016\/02\/21\/Criticism-of-crackdown-mounts-in-Egypt-as-policeman-sent-to-trial.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/english.alarabiya.net\/en\/News\/middle-east\/2016\/02\/21\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Egypt, 12.02.2016: Egyptian doctors revolt after police accused of attack on two medics<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Thousands of Egypt&rsquo;s doctors protested police abuses on Friday (12.02.2016) following an alleged attack on two doctors by policemen in a Cairo hospital. It was a rare instance of public protest, almost unheard of since the takeover of power by Egyptian military strongman Abdel Fatah al-Sissi in 2013.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/thousands-of-egyptian-doctors-protest-police-abuse\/2016\/02\/12\/e466626b-e760-4430-9f44-6c4cc68af2b3_story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/thousands-of-egyptian-doctors-protest-police-abuse\/2016\/02\/12\/<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/america.aljazeera.com\/articles\/2016\/2\/12\/egyptian-doctors-revolt-against-escalating-police-abuses.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/america.aljazeera.com\/articles\/2016\/2\/12\/egyptian-doctors-revolt-against-escalating-police-abuses<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2016\/feb\/13\/thousands-of-doctors-in-egypt-protest-after-police-accused-of-attack-on-two-medics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2016\/feb\/13\/thousands-of-doctors-in-egypt-protest<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Egypt, Cross-national, 18.02.2016: In Egypt, clamp on academic freedoms sparks scholar backlash<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Egyptian authorities are increasingly harassing foreign academics with restrictions, bans on entering the country and deportations. Particularly targeted are those researching anything related to Egypt&rsquo;s \u00ab\u00a0revolution\u00a0\u00bb or social issues like organized labor\u2014the Ph.D. topic of an Italian student recently killed under mysterious circumstances. On February, the Committee on Academic Freedom of the Middle East Studies Association (MESA), addressed a very strongly worded letter to Egypt&rsquo;s Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi, Minister of Foreign Affairs Sameh Shoukry, and Minister of Interior Magdi Abdel Ghaffar, regarding the circumstances of the murder of Giulio Regeni.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/middle_east\/in-egypt-clamp-on-academic-freedoms-sparks-scholar-backlash\/2016\/02\/18\/45fb7eca-d608-11e5-a65b-587e721fb231_story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/middle_east\/in-egypt-clamp-on-academic-freedoms-sparks-scholar-backlash<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/mesana.org\/pdf\/Egypt20160204.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/mesana.org\/pdf\/Egypt<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/khaledfahmy\/the-death-of-giulio-regen_b_9196124.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/khaledfahmy\/the-death-of-giulio-regen<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/02\/06\/world\/middleeast\/outrage-grows-as-italy-investigates-students-death-in-egypt.html?_r=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/02\/06\/world\/middleeast\/outrage-grows-as-italy-investigates-students-death-in-egypt<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Niger, 20.02.2016: Un candidat \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidentielle met en doute l&rsquo;honn\u00eatet\u00e9 du scrutin du 20 f\u00e9vrier<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Suite aux d\u00e9clarations triomphalistes du pr\u00e9sident Mohamadou Youssouf (sortant), Ibrahim Yacouba, un des quinze candidats \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle qui s&rsquo;est tenue dimanche dernier 21 f\u00e9vrier au Niger, a mis en doute \u00ab\u00a0l&rsquo;honn\u00eatet\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb du scrutin. Il accuse le parti au pouvoir d&rsquo;instrumentaliser l&rsquo;administration, la justice et d&rsquo;utiliser abusivement les moyens de l&rsquo;Etat pour faire \u00e9lire une nouvelle fois son candidat, loin de la transparence requise.<\/p>\n<p>Certains observateurs consid\u00e8rent que malgr\u00e9 le fait que le scrutin pr\u00e9sidentiel s&rsquo;est d\u00e9roul\u00e9 dans le calme, les lendemains demeurent incertains dans le pays, travers\u00e9 par d&rsquo;\u00e9normes tensions dues \u00e0 l&rsquo;ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 caus\u00e9e par BokoHaram et l&#8217;emprisonnement d&rsquo;un leader politique, l&rsquo;ancien pr\u00e9sident de l&rsquo;Assembl\u00e9e nationale.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/304081\/politique\/presidentielle-au-niger-un-candidat-outsider-met-en-doute-lhonnetete-du-scrutin\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/304081\/politique\/presidentielle-au-niger-un-candidat-outsider<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/304077\/politique\/presidentielle-niger-vote-temoignage-critique-lopposition-autorisee-justice\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/304077\/politique\/presidentielle-niger<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/303923\/politique\/election-presidentielle-au-niger-un-climat-sous-tension-des-lendemains-incertains\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/303923\/politique\/election-presidentielle-au-niger<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Morocco, 20 February 2016: Five-year anniversary of the 20 February 2011 Movement<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>2016 marks five years since the beginning of a diverse number of social and political movements across North Africa, West Asia and the Sahel, called the Arab Spring, which included the 20 February Movement (M20F) of Morocco.<\/p>\n<p>M20F comprised \u00ab\u00a0independent youth or youth affiliated with political parties, actors of the non-governmental sector, unions, leftist parties and Islamist movements, as well as \u00ab\u00a0al-Adl Wal Ihsane,\u00a0\u00bb one of Morocco&rsquo;s main Islamist organisations. This colourful movement espoused peaceful protests to demand reform of the Moroccan political system, and gained huge support, hosting between 37,000 and 200,000 demonstrations in one year of activity. The success of the movement exacted some concessions from King Mohamed VI, and prompted the adoption of a new constitution in July 2011. The legislative elections of November 2011, which brought the Party of Justice and Development (PJD) to power, contributed to diminishing popular mobilisation for M20F. The withdrawal of al-Adl Wal Ihsane ultimately ended it.<\/p>\n<p>Morocco has been called the &lsquo;exception&rsquo; to the so-called Arab Spring that led (to varying extents) to civil unrest and violence in Tunisia, Egypt and Syria. Some commentators have pointed to the new constitution as evidence of the democratic change brought about in the Kingdom, however others point out that, when analysed through the lens of the M20F campaign goals, there has been little real change. The palace was criticised for appointing a commission to develop the new constitution, rather than including opposition voices in the constitution-drafting process. The constitutional reforms have ultimately had little effect on the balance of power between the Moroccan parliament and the makhzen (the royal court). Importantly, the King retains the right to choose the Prime Minister from the political party that receives the largest quantity of votes, which has done little to empower the Moroccan parliamentary system. Furthermore, the reforms that came about as a result of the M20F have not prevented the repression of activists and protestors, most recently seen in the police&rsquo;s violent dispersal of a teacher-trainee protest on 7 January 2016.<\/p>\n<p>Looking back on M20F, one former member of its Casablanca coordination said: \u00ab\u00a0It was a young movement, born on the internet, and for the first time the monarchy yielded to pressure coming from the street. The movement changed the country culturally\u00a0\u00bb. Another said public opinion has gained considerable political weight since 2011, and social media are recognised as important tools at activists&rsquo; disposal. On the outcomes of M20F, one said: \u00ab\u00a0We obtained the officialisation (sic) of the Amazigh language [in the new constitution] and the liberation of political prisoners [pardoned by the king in April 2011] that we were asking for. Those were symbolic victories, but we did not get the democracy that we wanted.\u00a0\u00bb Some commentators argue that although M20F ended, it set the precedent for sectorial demands including the broad mobilisation of teacher-trainees protesting decrees that affect their career prospects, and unemployed nurses who demand new jobs. According to other sources, some Moroccan youth movements currently strive to recreate the spirit of M20F, for example the youth of the Socialist Union of Popular Forces (USFP), which has urged members to join all modes of activism, protest movements and active participation in the resurrection of M20F. Observers have suggested that the participation of the Students&rsquo; Union for Education System Change (UECSE) in the commemorative march, in Rabat, on Saturday 20 February, suggests that youth activism in Morocco is searching for new modes of activism. M20F may not have achieved an overhaul of the country&rsquo;s political system, but it may have led to some important changes in young Moroccans&rsquo; engagement in conventional political and economic models.<\/p>\n<p>For more information on the issue of the political engagement of young people in Morocco, please see the Cordoba Foundation of Geneva publication, authored by Mohammed Baske Manar (2015) \u00ab\u00a0Evolving Political Participation and Civic Engagement of Moroccan Youth after the &lsquo;Arab Spring'\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/five-years-have-young-moroccans-snatched-their-rights-1019341305\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/five-years-have-young-moroccans-snatched-their-rights<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/telquel.ma\/2016\/02\/18\/comment-plusieurs-mouvances-politiques-tentent-raviver-esprit-20-fevrier_1483003\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/telquel.ma\/2016\/02\/18\/comment-plusieurs-mouvances-politiques-tentent-raviver-esprit-20-fevrier<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/2016\/02\/21\/celebration-manifestation-20-fevrier_n_9284218.html?utm_hp_ref=maroc&amp;ir=Maroc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/2016\/02\/21\/celebration-manifestation-20-fevrier<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/2014\/03\/31\/weekly-update-24-30032014\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cordoue.ch\/publications\/papers-a-reports\/item\/408-evolving-political-participation<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>RELATIONS BETWEEN COMMUNITIES OF DIFFERENT ETHNIC, CULTURAL AND RELIGIOUS AFFILIATIONS \/<br \/>\nRELATIONS ENTRE COMMUNAUT\u00c9S DE DIFF\u00c9RENTES AFFILIATIONS ETHNIQUES, CULTURELLES ET RELIGIEUSES<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Allemagne-Europe, 22 f\u00e9vrier 2016 : Multiplication des actes x\u00e9nophobes en Allemagne et l&rsquo;avenir de l&rsquo;Union europ\u00e9enne en question<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Les actes de violence et d&rsquo;intimidation envers les r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s ne s&rsquo;att\u00e9nuent pas en Europe et particuli\u00e8rement en Allemagne o\u00f9 leur nombre s&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e8ve \u00e0 900 pour l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e 2015. Selon le quotidien fran\u00e7ais Le Point, parall\u00e8lement \u00e0 ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne, les ventes d&rsquo;armes aux particuliers seraient en augmentation dans le pays.<\/p>\n<p>Des \u00e9v\u00e8nements choquants se sont en effet d\u00e9roul\u00e9s en Allemagne ces derniers jours prenant pour cible des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s. Dans la nuit du samedi 20 f\u00e9vrier et du dimanche 21 f\u00e9vrier, un incendie s&rsquo;est d\u00e9clench\u00e9 dans un foyer de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s de la ville de Bautzen, \u00ab suscitant lajoiede certains badauds \u00bb. D&rsquo;apr\u00e8s les premiers \u00e9l\u00e9ments de l&rsquo;enqu\u00eate il s&rsquo;agirait d&rsquo;un incendie criminel et cela survient seulement quelques jours apr\u00e8s les incidents de Clausnitz, dont les vid\u00e9os choquantes qui circulent sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux ont suscit\u00e9 l&rsquo;indignation du gouvernement allemand et d&rsquo;une partie importante de la population. Sur ces images, on y voit les migrants \u00e0 la fois malmen\u00e9s par la police et par des individus scandant le slogan \u00ab Wir sind das Volk ! \u00bb (Nous sommes le peuple), un slogan \u00e0 l&rsquo;origine dirig\u00e9 contre la politique communiste de l&rsquo;ancienne RDA et aujourd&rsquo;hui d\u00e9tourn\u00e9 par le mouvement anti-r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s Pegida (parti patriotique europ\u00e9en contre l&rsquo;islamisation).<\/p>\n<p>Cependant, des actes de solidarit\u00e9 se manifestent partout en Europe afin de lutter \u00e0 la fois contre la rh\u00e9torique d\u00e9l\u00e9t\u00e8re \u00e0 l&rsquo;encontre des migrants, les actes de violence mais aussi pour d\u00e9fendre des conditions de vie d\u00e9centes et humaines dans les foyers et camps pour demandeurs d&rsquo;asile. Par exemple, l&rsquo;acteur Jude Law s&rsquo;est rendu \u00e0 Calais afin de soutenir la demande de d\u00e9lai vis-\u00e0-vis du d\u00e9mant\u00e8lement de la Jungle de Calais et l&rsquo;acteur et r\u00e9alisateur Georges Clooney, \u00e0 l&rsquo;occasion de sa venue \u00e0 la Berlinale, s&rsquo;est entretenu avec la chanceli\u00e8re Angela Merkel sur la question des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s. C&rsquo;est \u00e0 la Berlinale, le fameux festival de cin\u00e9ma qui se d\u00e9roule chaque ann\u00e9e \u00e0 Berlin, que le documentaire Fire at Sea du r\u00e9alisateur italien Gianfranco Rosi a re\u00e7u la plus haute distinction, l&rsquo;Ours d&rsquo;Or du meilleur film, un signal fort au vu des r\u00e9cents \u00e9v\u00e8nements qui se d\u00e9roulent en Allemagne. Ce documentaire d\u00e9peint les conditions dramatiques de la travers\u00e9e de la mer M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e par des milliers de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s fuyant leurs pays et s&rsquo;\u00e9chouant pour beaucoup d&rsquo;entre eux sur les plages de l&rsquo;\u00eele italienne de Lampedusa.<\/p>\n<p>Cela montre bien toute la difficult\u00e9 de trouver un \u00e9quilibre entre l&rsquo;action europ\u00e9enne et les politiques nationales. La solidarit\u00e9 europ\u00e9enne est en effet aujourd&rsquo;hui remise en question par la potentielle sortie du Royaume-Uni de l&rsquo;Union europ\u00e9enne (Brexit) mais \u00e9galement par la volont\u00e9 de certains pays de se d\u00e9saligner de la politique migratoire de l&rsquo;Europe comme l&rsquo;Autriche qui a r\u00e9cemment d\u00e9clar\u00e9 ne plus vouloir accueillir que 80 r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s par jour, ce qui a suscit\u00e9 de vives r\u00e9actions notamment en Allemagne, ou comme la Mac\u00e9doine qui a annonc\u00e9, le 21 f\u00e9vrier dernier, la fermeture de la fronti\u00e8re gr\u00e9co-mac\u00e9donienne aux r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s afghans. Dans une tribune publi\u00e9e par le quotidien Lib\u00e9ration du 18 f\u00e9vrier 2016, Jean-Paul Fitoussi, professeur \u00e0 Sciences-Po (Paris) et \u00e0 Luiss (Rome), Karl Aiginger, directeur de l&rsquo;Institut autrichien de recherche \u00e9conomique, professeur \u00e0 l&rsquo;Universit\u00e9 d&rsquo;\u00e9conomie et de gestion de Vienne et Paul De Grauwe, professeur \u00e9m\u00e9rite \u00e0 l&rsquo;Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain et professeur de la chaire John Paulson \u00e0 la London School of Economics, appellent les dirigeants europ\u00e9ens \u00e0 opter pour une strat\u00e9gie de confiance plut\u00f4t qu&rsquo;une politique de la peur afin selon eux de \u00ab sortir de l&rsquo;impasse \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.lepoint.fr\/europe\/allemagne-polemique-sur-des-videos-de-la-police-maltraitant-des-refugies-21-02-2016-2020013_2626.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lepoint.fr\/europe\/allemagne-polemique-sur-des-videos-de-la-police-maltraitant-des-refugies<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/europe\/article\/2016\/02\/21\/indignation-en-allemagne-apres-une-nouvelle-attaque-contre-un-foyer-de-refugies_4869247_3214.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/europe\/article\/2016\/02\/21\/indignation-en-allemagne-apres-une-nouvelle-attaque-contre-un-foyer<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/refugee-documentary-fire-sea-wins-berlin-fest-top-prize-917460779\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/refugee-documentary-fire-sea-wins-berlin-fest-top-prize<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/german-interior-minister-blasts-unacceptable-austrian-migrant-policy-723002285\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/german-interior-minister-blasts-unacceptable-austrian-migrant-policy<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.lecourrier.ch\/136696\/la_frontiere_greco_macedonienne_fermee_aux_afghans\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lecourrier.ch\/136696\/la_frontiere_greco_macedonienne_fermee_aux_afghans<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/jude-law-leads-celebs-highlighting-refugee-plight-calais-jungle-1598183415\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/jude-law-leads-celebs-highlighting-refugee-plight-calais-jungle<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/polish-magazine-sparks-fury-islams-rape-europe-cover-130817558\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/polish-magazine-sparks-fury-islams-rape-europe-cover<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/debats\/2016\/02\/18\/l-europe-a-besoin-d-une-strategie-de-confiance-pas-de-politiques-de-la-peur_1434361\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/debats\/2016\/02\/18\/l-europe-a-besoin-d-une-strategie-de-confiance<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2016\/02\/CASSEN\/54706\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.monde-diplomatique.fr\/2016\/02\/CASSEN\/54706<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Europe, 15.02.2016: Racial profiling seems to be a weapon in Europe&rsquo;s war on terrorism<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The avowed ideals of a free, open and tolerant Europe are under assault as never before, with a surge in police spot checks and house raids ushering in what some are calling a new era of racial profiling. Minority activists have denounced alleged racial profiling in Europe for years. But never, they say, has it been so frequent and obvious.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/europe\/racial-profiling-seems-to-be-a-weapon-in-europes-war-on-terrorism\/2016\/02\/15\/78788aea-cb91-11e5-b9ab-26591104bb19_story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/europe\/racial-profiling-seems-to-be-a-weapon<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/europe\/fear-and-paranoia-lead-finns-to-form-vigilante-groups-that-protect-women-from-asylum-seekers\/2016\/01\/23\/c16f8646-b943-11e5-85cd-5ad59bc19432_story.html?tid=a_inl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/europe\/fear-and-paranoia-lead-finns-to-form-vigilante-groups<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mali, 19.02.2016 : Gestation d&rsquo;une nouvelle r\u00e9bellion \u00e0 M\u00e9naka<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Selon la presse malienne, l&rsquo;attaque du vendredi 19 f\u00e9vrier qui a fait des victimes dans les rangs de l&rsquo;arm\u00e9e malienne, ne serait pas de l&rsquo;\u0153uvre d&rsquo;An\u00e7ar Dine, mais d&rsquo;un nouveau mouvement en gestation dans la zone de l&rsquo;extr\u00eame nord du Mali.<\/p>\n<p>Le nouveau mouvement s&rsquo;appellerait Mouvement de la jeunesse pour la lib\u00e9ration totale de l&rsquo;Azawad et serait une dissidence \u00e9manant de jeunes issus d&rsquo;un ensemble de groupes signataires de l&rsquo;Accord d&rsquo;Alger, m\u00e9contents des lenteurs dans l&rsquo;application de ce dernier. Des analystes craignent que cela ne constitue le point de d\u00e9part d&rsquo;une nouvelle r\u00e9bellion.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-menaka-une-nouvelle-rebellion-en-gestation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-menaka-une-nouvelle-rebellion-en-gestation\/<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-chronique-de-fevrier-2016-gamou-guerrier-en-action-pour-un-mali-offensif-et-uni\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-chronique-de-fevrier-2016<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-terrorisme-il-faut-soutenir-et-proteger-mahamoud-dicko\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-terrorisme-il-faut-soutenir-et-proteger-mahamoud-dicko\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tchad, 22.02.2016 : Vives tensions suite \u00e0 la violation d&rsquo;une mineure par les fils de dignitaires tchadiens<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Le viol d&rsquo;une jeune lyc\u00e9enne de 16 ans par des fils de dignitaires du pouvoir tchadien a suscit\u00e9 une tr\u00e8s grande vague d&rsquo;indignation aussi bien \u00e0 l&rsquo;int\u00e9rieur du pays qu&rsquo;\u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9tranger. D&rsquo;imposantes manifestations se sont tenues dans les rues des grandes villes du pays pour exiger la fin de l&rsquo;impunit\u00e9 dans les cas de crimes commis par les fils des dignitaires. D\u00e9pass\u00e9es par l&rsquo;ampleur de la mobilisation autour du cas, les autorit\u00e9s ont ouvert une instruction et ordonn\u00e9 l&rsquo;arrestation des jeunes auteurs pr\u00e9sum\u00e9s. Elles ont aussi interdit toutes les manifestations publiques de solidarit\u00e9 li\u00e9es \u00e0 cette affaire.<\/p>\n<p>En r\u00e9action, la plate-forme des associations de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile appelle \u00e0 une journ\u00e9e \u00ab ville morte \u00bb le 24 f\u00e9vrier prochain \u00e0 N&rsquo;Djamena et dans la plupart des villes du pays.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.journaldutchad.com\/article.php?aid=8656\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.journaldutchad.com\/article.php?aid=8656<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.journaldutchad.com\/article.php?aid=8654\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.journaldutchad.com\/article.php?aid=8654<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.journaldutchad.com\/article.php?aid=8653\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.journaldutchad.com\/article.php?aid=8653<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.journaldutchad.com\/article.php?aid=8641\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.journaldutchad.com\/article.php?aid=8641<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Liban, 19.02.2016 : Le Tribunal militaire remis en cause par l&rsquo;affaire Samaha<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Vendredi 19 f\u00e9vrier, le ministre de la Justice, Achraf Rifi, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 son intention de traduire l&rsquo;ancien ministre Michel Samaha devant la justice canadienne et la Cour p\u00e9nale internationale (cf Cordoba Update 2\/2016). En effet, l&rsquo;affaire est trait\u00e9e par le Tribunal militaire, instance d&rsquo;exception tr\u00e8s controvers\u00e9e qui est au centre de grands d\u00e9bats, alors que l&rsquo;Alliance du 14 mars, et notamment le Courant du Futur, demandent son abolition. Selon ces derniers, cette instance est sous l&rsquo;influence du Hezbollah et ne peut plus appliquer une justice impartiale et ind\u00e9pendante. Dans le milieu juridique, certains soulignent le fait que les juges de cette instance appliquent la loi \u00e0 la lettre et que ce n&rsquo;est donc pas les juges qu&rsquo;il faut remettre en cause, mais le texte de loi fixant les pr\u00e9rogatives et les proc\u00e9dures de ce tribunal. Plusieurs hauts magistrats se prononcent en faveur d&rsquo;une r\u00e9forme de ce tribunal d&rsquo;exception, invoquant de multiples dysfonctionnements. Ils signalent cependant que la proposition du Courant du Futur de transf\u00e9rer le dossier Samaha devant la Cour de justice ne fait que passer le dossier d&rsquo;un tribunal d&rsquo;exception \u00e0 un autre, la Cour de justice \u00e9tant une instance d&rsquo;exception qui a la comp\u00e9tence en mati\u00e8re de crimes contre la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;\u00c9tat et dont les verdicts sont sans appel.<\/p>\n<p>Les d\u00e9bats sur le Tribunal militaire ne sont pas nouveaux. Ce Tribunal est inscrit dans l&rsquo;agenda des r\u00e9formes depuis des ann\u00e9es, selon un juriste qui rappelle cependant que depuis 2011 la majorit\u00e9 des d\u00e9put\u00e9s au sein de la commission de la modernisation des lois, aussi bien 8 Mars que 14 Mars, se sont oppos\u00e9s aux amendements touchant \u00e0 ce tribunal. Mercredi 17 f\u00e9vrier, lors du d\u00eener annuel de la \u00ab Ligue des anciens juges \u00bb, le ministre de la Justice, AchrafRifi a annonc\u00e9 un projet de loi visant \u00e0 l&rsquo;abolition des tribunaux d&rsquo;exception et \u00e0 la limitation les pr\u00e9rogatives du tribunal militaire.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/971252\/rifi-veut-traduire-michel-samaha-devant-la-justice-canadienne-et-le-cpi.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/971252\/rifi-veut-traduire-michel-samaha-devant-la-justice-canadienne<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/969615\/affaire-samaha-le-debat-juridique-bat-son-plein.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/969615\/affaire-samaha-le-debat-juridique-bat-son-plein.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Liban, 21.02.2016 : L&rsquo;Arabie saoudite g\u00e8le son aide, le ministre de la Justice, Achraf Rifi, d\u00e9missionne<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Achraf Rifi, ministre de la Justice, a annonc\u00e9 sa d\u00e9mission dimanche 21 f\u00e9vrier. Dans son communiqu\u00e9, le ministre d\u00e9missionnaire condamne lourdement le Hezbollah, l&rsquo;accusant de vouloir s&rsquo;affirmer comme un Etat dans l&rsquo;Etat. Ce faisant, le Hezbollah aurait \u00ab entra\u00een\u00e9 l&rsquo;\u00c9tat dans la phase de l&rsquo;\u00e9miettement et du vide, allant jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 d\u00e9naturer l&rsquo;identit\u00e9 nationale et menacer la souverainet\u00e9 du Liban, son \u00e9conomie, son avenir et ses relations internationales et arabes \u00bb, a constat\u00e9 A. Rifi. Il a expliqu\u00e9 sa d\u00e9cision comme une n\u00e9cessit\u00e9, du fait que \u00ab le maintien en place du gouvernement serait une autorisation tacite \u00e0 cette perversion de l&rsquo;exercice politique, du moins un aveu d&rsquo;impuissance (face au Hezbollah) \u00bb. Il a ainsi invit\u00e9 tout le gouvernement \u00e0 d\u00e9missionner \u00ab au risque de se transformer int\u00e9gralement en outil dans les mains du Hezbollah \u00bb. Parmi les autres griefs mentionn\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;encontre du Hezbollah figurent, outre la paralysie impos\u00e9e par ce parti dans la pr\u00e9sidentielle, deux grands points d&rsquo;actualit\u00e9 : le sabotage des relations avec l&rsquo;Arabie saoudite et \u00ab le blocage, par le Hezbollah et ses alli\u00e9s, du transfert du dossier de Michel Samaha devant la Cour de justice, r\u00e9v\u00e9lant l&rsquo;intention du Hezbollah de mettre la main sur la justice, par le biais du tribunal militaire \u00bb, toujours selon le ministre d\u00e9missionnaire. Quant \u00e0 ce dernier point, il a appel\u00e9 tous les Libanais \u00e0 signer la p\u00e9tition en ligne r\u00e9clamant le transfert de ce dossier devant la Cour p\u00e9nale internationale.<\/p>\n<p>En ce qui concerne les relations avec l&rsquo;Arabie saoudite, cette d\u00e9mission est annonc\u00e9e alors que le corps politique libanais est en alerte apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;annonce de la puissante monarchie du Golfe de geler son aide d&rsquo;une hauteur de 4 milliards \u00e0 l&rsquo;arm\u00e9e nationale et aux forces de s\u00e9curit\u00e9. Cette annonce serait une r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 l&rsquo;attitude du ministre des Affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res, Gebran Bassil, chef du Courant patriotique libre, qui s&rsquo;est abstenu de voter la d\u00e9claration finale de la rencontre urgente des ministres des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res de la Ligue arabe le 10 janvier dernier qui condamnait l&rsquo;ing\u00e9rence de l&rsquo;Iran dans les affaires arabes et accusait le Hezbollah d&rsquo;activit\u00e9s terroristes. A cette \u00e9poque, Bassil avait affirm\u00e9 que le Liban \u00e9tait pr\u00e9sent \u00e0 la rencontre pour montrer sa solidarit\u00e9 envers l&rsquo;Arabie saoudite et pour condamner les attaques contre son ambassade et son consulat en Iran. Cependant, il avait expliqu\u00e9 son refus de voter la d\u00e9claration finale par la volont\u00e9 du Liban de ne pas interf\u00e9rer dans les affaires internes des autres Etats. De plus, il avait soulign\u00e9 que le Liban se devait d&rsquo;agir selon ses priorit\u00e9s qui \u00e9taient la lutte contre le terrorisme et la r\u00e9duction des tensions entre sunnites et chiites.<\/p>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;annonce du g\u00e8le saoudien et de la d\u00e9mission du ministre de la Justice, les chefs de l&rsquo;Alliance du 14 Mars se sont r\u00e9unis dimanche 21 f\u00e9vrier et ont d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que les tensions dans les relations avec l&rsquo;Arabie saoudite et les pays du Golfe renfor\u00e7aient les dangers que courait le Liban. Ils en tiennent pour responsables le Hezbollah et ses alli\u00e9s, les accusant de nuire \u00e0 la stabilit\u00e9 financi\u00e8re, s\u00e9curitaire et socio-\u00e9conomique du pays.<\/p>\n<p>Les r\u00e9actions au sein du Hezbollah \u00e0 l&rsquo;annonce du g\u00e8le ont \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 nombreuses. Le vice-pr\u00e9sident de son conseil ex\u00e9cutif, Nabil Qaouk, a ainsi affirm\u00e9 que le r\u00e9gime saoudien ne pourrait changer l&rsquo;identit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;arm\u00e9e libanaise, ni acheter la volont\u00e9 des Libanais.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/971679\/rifi-demissionne-jai-vu-lindicible-le-cabinet-est-un-outil-du-hezbollah.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/971679\/rifi-demissionne<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/971528\/achraf-rifi-demissionne-du-gouvernement.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/971528\/achraf-rifi-demissionne-du-gouvernement.html<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/english.aawsat.com\/2016\/02\/article55347762\/saudi-arabia-punishes-the-iranian-project-in-lebanon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/english.aawsat.com\/2016\/02\/article55347762\/saudi-arabia-punishes-the-iranian-project-in-lebanon<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/nna-leb.gov.lb\/en\/show-news\/57213\/?utm_campaign=magnet&amp;utm_source=article_page&amp;utm_medium=related_articles\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/nna-leb.gov.lb\/en\/show-news\/57213\/<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/nna-leb.gov.lb\/en\/show-news\/54979\/nna-leb.gov.lb\/fr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/nna-leb.gov.lb\/en\/show-news\/54979\/nna-leb.gov.lb\/fr<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/971670\/-le-regime-saoudien-ne-peut-changer-lidentite-de-larmee-libanaise-affirme-le-hezbollah.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/971670\/-le-regime-saoudien<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>VIOLENT EXTREMISM AND THE WAR ON TERROR \/<br \/>\nEXTR\u00c9MISME VIOLENT ET LA GUERRE CONTRE LA TERREUR<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Egypt, 18.02.2016: Sinai Islamic State publishes photos of beheading of &lsquo;army spies&rsquo;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Egyptian affiliate of the Islamic State group claims it has beheaded two men in Sinai for \u00ab\u00a0spying\u00a0\u00bb for the Egyptian army, posting photos online of the killings. The photos were circulated on Twitter accounts affiliated with the Sinai State, formerly known as Ansar Bayt al-Maqdis, late on Thursday (18 February 2016).<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/1\/64\/187987\/Egypt\/Politics-\/Egyptian-IS-group-affiliate-publishes-photos-of-be.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/1\/64\/187987\/Egypt\/Politics-\/Egyptian-IS-group-affiliate<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/ent.siteintelgroup.com\/Jihadist-News\/is-sinai-province-beheads-two-accused-spies-claims-attacks-in-al-arish-and-rafah.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/ent.siteintelgroup.com\/Jihadist-News\/is-sinai-province-beheads-two-accused-spies<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>U.S.A., 12.02.2016: College students taught America created ISIS, war on terror worse than 9\/11<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>ISIS was borne out of President George Bush&rsquo;s decision to send troops to the Middle East after the terrorist attacks of September 11, and in actuality the war on terror has caused more harm than 9\/11, college students across Washington were taught recently.<\/p>\n<p>The lesson came via scholar Phyllis Bennis, who gave a series of talks at three colleges in Washington titled \u00ab\u00a0Understanding ISIS and the New Global War on Terror,\u00a0\u00bb also the name of her latest book.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thecollegefix.com\/post\/26215\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.thecollegefix.com\/post\/26215\/<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Understanding-ISIS-New-Global-Terror\/dp\/1566560942\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Understanding-ISIS-New-Global-Terror<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mauritanie, 22.02.2015 :Un intellectuel en exil accuse le pouvoir de faiblir devant la corruption li\u00e9e au trafic de drogue<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;intellectuel mauritanien en exil Baba Marega a accus\u00e9 le gouvernement mauritanien de faiblesse devant les groupes de trafiquants de drogue qui \u00e9cument la partie septentrionale du pays en toute impunit\u00e9. S&rsquo;exprimant \u00e0 travers une tribune intitul\u00e9e \u00ab La Mauritanie face \u00e0 la corruption et le trafic de drogue : terreau du terrorisme dans le Sahel \u00bb, il soutient que la corruption end\u00e9mique et le laisser-aller font le lit des trafiquants de tout acabit qui alimentent les circuits des terroristes dans le Sahel.<\/p>\n<p>R\u00e9cemment, les autorit\u00e9s mauritaniennes ont affirm\u00e9 avoir d\u00e9mantel\u00e9 une cellule de trafiquants de drogue dirig\u00e9e par deux fils d&rsquo;un ancien pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique (1980-1984). Dans leurs interrogatoires, les membres pr\u00e9sum\u00e9s de cette cellule auraient cit\u00e9 l&rsquo;un des fils de l&rsquo;actuel pr\u00e9sident et l&rsquo;un de ses conseillers les plus influents. D&rsquo;autres sources de presse citent des fili\u00e8res proches du Polisario qui seraient en connivence avec des trafiquants agissant \u00e0 partir de la Mauritanie.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=681017\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=681017<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=681031\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=681031<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Cameroun\/Boko Haram, 22.02.2016 : Chr\u00e9tiens et musulmans exp\u00e9rimentent de nouvelles m\u00e9thodes de lutte contre Boko Haram au Cameroun<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Les populations chr\u00e9tiennes et musulmanes des zones affect\u00e9es par les actions de Boko Haram ont d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de combiner leurs efforts pour se prot\u00e9ger mutuellement face aux activistes du mouvement. La strat\u00e9gie approuv\u00e9e impliquerait que les communaut\u00e9s se prot\u00e8gent r\u00e9ciproquement pendant les c\u00e9r\u00e9monies de pri\u00e8re, les musulmans assurant la garde autour des lieux de culte chr\u00e9tiens pendant les messes et communions et les chr\u00e9tiens autour des mosqu\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&rsquo;informations :<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/fr.starafrica.com\/actualites\/chretiens-et-musulmans-experimentent-de-nouvelles-methodes-de-lutte-contre-boko-haram-au-cameroun.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/fr.starafrica.com\/actualites\/chretiens-et-musulmans-experimentent-de-nouvelles-methodes<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.camer.be\/49792\/7:1\/cameroun-le-redhac-sinsurge-contre-les-exactions-du-boko-haram-les-crimes-rituels-et-la-revision-de-la-constitution-cameroon.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.camer.be\/49792\/7:1\/cameroun-le-redhac-sinsurge-contre-les-exactions-du-boko-haram<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/afrique\/article\/2016\/02\/10\/nigeria-58-morts-dans-le-double-attentat-suicide-du-camp-de-dikwa_4863011_3212.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/afrique\/article\/2016\/02\/10\/nigeria-58-morts<\/a><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><em>The views and perspectives contained in the Weekly Update are from individual contributors and external sources, and do not necessarily reflect the opinions or position of the Cordoba Foundation of Geneva. The links are neither intended as an endorsement of particular publications nor the only source for the updates, but to connect to information in the public domain, for those interested in background or further details.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>8th &#8211; 22th February 2016 Cordoba Foundation of Geneva<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5696,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-537","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-newsletter"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Cordoba Update 4\/2016 - Cordoba Peace Institute | Fran\u00e7ais<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/the-cordoba-update-4-2016\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Cordoba Update 4\/2016 - 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