{"id":536,"date":"2016-02-09T08:11:51","date_gmt":"2016-02-09T08:11:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/2016\/02\/09\/the-cordoba-update-3-2016\/"},"modified":"2023-05-30T11:38:08","modified_gmt":"2023-05-30T10:38:08","slug":"the-cordoba-update-3-2016","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/the-cordoba-update-3-2016\/","title":{"rendered":"The Cordoba Update 3\/2016"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"images\/joomlart\/article\/390c9d1de2a80a844d0e01ba21c1192e.jpg\" alt=\"\"><!-- {lofimg src=\"\/images\/stories\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg\"} --><\/p>\n<div><strong>26<sup>th<\/sup> January &#8211; 8<sup>th<\/sup> February 2016<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div>Cordoba Foundation of Geneva<em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/div>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<style scoped=\"scoped\" type=\"text\/css\"><!--\ntd {\n\t\t\tbackground: #f5f4ef none repeat scroll 0 0;\n\t\t\tvertical-align: top;\n\t\t\tpadding: 6px 12px;\n\t\t}\n\t\tul {\n\t\t\tmargin: 0 0.5em 0 1em;\n\t\t\tpadding: 0;\n\t\t}\n\t\tli {\n\t\t\tmargin-bottom: 0;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 9px;\n\t\t\ttext-align: left;\n\t\t}\n--><\/style>\n<div>\n<table border=\"0\" style=\"width: 100%;\" cellspacing=\"4\" cellpadding=\"4\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\">In line with the programmes and projects funded by partners of the Cordoba Foundation of Geneva, updates and information are included under the following geographical regions and themes:<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\"><strong>North Africa:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\">Islamist-Secular relations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\">Transition and Political participation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\"><strong>Sahel region:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\">Interfaith relations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\">Relations between communities of different ethnic and cultural affiliation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\"><strong>Middle East:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\">Relations between Muslim communities with different religious references.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\"><strong>Cross-regional:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\">Violent extremism and the war on terror.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #902323;\">TRANSITION AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION \/<br \/>\nTRANSITION ET PARTICIPATION POLITIQUE<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Egypt, 06.02.216: Egypt: red carpet for Sisi&rsquo;s car and subsidies\u2019 cut for Egyptians<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Cars carrying Egypt\u2019s Abdel Fattah al-Sisi and other officials drove down the red carpet on 6 February, 2016 as they were visiting projects in 6 October City. Several commentators questioned the apparent extravagance, just as Sisi was making a speech about the need to cut government subsidies. On 7 February, Sisi talked about the need to cut water subsidies, saying that \u201cwater subsidies cost LE40 million a day, a burden the state is no longer able to bear.\u201d Meanwhile, last week new import taxes came into effect in Egypt on items such as nuts, cosmetics, clothing and household appliances. Tariff rates on some items increased by 100 percent, causing serious price hikes. Inflation in Egypt is about 11 percent annually.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.madamasr.com\/news\/sisi-expensive-water-insufficient-housing-difficult-future-ahead\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.madamasr.com\/news\/sisi-expensive-water-insufficient-housing-difficult-future-ahead<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/egyptianstreets.com\/2016\/02\/08\/red-carpet-experts-and-social-media-outrage-egypt-presidents-convoy-drives-on-red-carpet\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/egyptianstreets.com\/2016\/02\/08\/red-carpet-experts-and-social-media-outrage<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-35523899\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.dailynews724.com\/egypts-president-sisi-arrives-with-huge-convoy-in-cairo-webtv,134703.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.dailynews724.com\/egypts-president-sisi-arrives-with-huge-convoy-in-cairo-webtv<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/egyptianstreets.com\/2016\/02\/01\/egypt-raises-tariffs-on-a-wide-range-of-imported-luxury-goods\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/egyptianstreets.com\/2016\/02\/01\/egypt-raises-tariffs-on-a-wide-range-of-imported-luxury-goods\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Egypt, 02.05.2016: An Italian\u2019s Brutal Death in Egypt<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Italy has sent a team of investigators to collaborate with Egyptian police on the death of Italian national Giulio Regeni. After viewing the body, Maurizio Massari, Italy\u2019s ambassador in Cairo, said: \u201cI took note of the wounds, bruises and burn marks. There is no doubt the young man was heavily beaten and tortured.\u201d A business delegation from Italy also cut short their visit to Egypt when news of Regeni&rsquo;s death was confirmed. In addition, diplomatic meetings in Cairo and Washington this week are likely to further focus international attention on the death of an Italian graduate student whose badly beaten body was found in Cairo last week.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/en.aswatmasriya.com\/news\/view.aspx?id=23cfec42-3ba1-4f3c-b75f-25aa7a1f34e5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/en.aswatmasriya.com\/news\/view.aspx?id=23cfec42-3ba1-4f3c-b75f-25aa7a1f34e5<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/02\/08\/world\/middleeast\/egypt-italy-giulio-regeni-cairo.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/02\/08\/world\/middleeast\/egypt-italy-giulio-regeni-cairo.html?_r=0<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2016-02-04\/italian-delegation-cuts-short-egypt-visit-as-student-found-dead\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2016-02-04\/italian-delegation-cuts-short-egypt-visit-as-student-found-dead<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/news\/world\/africa\/giulio-regeni-no-doubt-that-student-was-tortured-and-killed-in-cairo-italian-investigators-say-a6858451.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/news\/world\/africa\/giulio-regeni-no-doubt-that-student-was-tortured-and-killed-in-cairo<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-egypt-italian-death-idUSKCN0VD0SS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-egypt-italian-death-idUSKCN0VD0SS<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/02\/05\/world\/middleeast\/italian-student-egypt-torture.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/02\/05\/world\/middleeast\/italian-student-egypt-torture.html<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/egypt\/12145257\/Italian-Cambridge-PhD-student-suffered-inhuman-animal-like-violence-before-his-death-in-Egypt.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/africaandindianocean\/egypt\/12145257\/Italian-Cambridge-PhD-student<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Egypt, 01.02.2016: Sisi urges dialogue with Ultras on anniversary of stadium massacre<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>On 1 February 2016, thousands of Ahlyfans \u2013 believed to be hardcore supporters of the club &lsquo;Ultras Ahlawy&rsquo; \u2013 entered the club headquarters to pay tribute to the 72 Ahly fans who died at Port Said stadium following deadly clashes in February 2012. They chanted against former defense minister Hussein Tantawi. A few hours later, Egypt&rsquo;s Abdel Fattah al-Sisi responded by inviting them to be part of an investigative committee looking into the killings. The Ultras Ahlawy group has responded to this call, saying, \u00ab\u00a0We can&rsquo;t be the judge and the jury at the same time in the Port Said massacre trial, but presenting more facts and evidence to the public will help clarify the case and give it a better perspective.\u00a0\u00bb Nine police officials are among the 73 defendants standing retrial on charges related to the killing of the young fans, with final verdicts yet to be read or carried out.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/1\/64\/186513\/Egypt\/Politics-\/Egypts-Sisi-says-open-to-criticism,-admits-deficie.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/1\/64\/186513\/Egypt\/Politics-\/Egypts-Sisi-says-open-to-criticism<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/6\/0\/186512\/Sports\/0\/Egypts-most-popular-club-Ahly-condemns-antistate-c.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/6\/0\/186512\/Sports\/0\/Egypts-most-popular-club-Ahly-condemns-antistate<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.madamasr.com\/sections\/politics\/sisi-invites-ultras-take-part-investigation-football-killings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.madamasr.com\/sections\/politics\/sisi-invites-ultras-take-part-investigation-football-killings<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/1\/64\/186617\/Egypt\/Politics-\/We-cannot-be-judge-and-jury-in-Port-Said-massacre-.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/1\/64\/186617\/Egypt\/Politics-\/We-cannot-be-judge-and-jury-in-Port-Said-massacre<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Niger, 27.01.2016: L\u2019opposition observe des r\u00e9serves sur le projet de code de conduite en p\u00e9riode \u00e9lectorale<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>L\u2019Institut am\u00e9ricain pour le soutient \u00e0 la d\u00e9mocratie (NDI) a soumis, fin janvier, un projet de charte des \u00e9lections au Niger, en pr\u00e9lude aux \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives et pr\u00e9sidentielles du 21 f\u00e9vrier prochain. Destin\u00e9e aux acteurs politiques pour des \u00e9lections d\u00e9mocratiques, libres et transparentes dont les r\u00e9sultats seraient respect\u00e9s par tous les protagonistes, cette charte a \u00e9t\u00e9 rejet\u00e9e par l\u2019opposition nig\u00e9rienne. Celle-ci consid\u00e8re la charte comme \u00ab imparfaite et serait utilis\u00e9e comme un alibi par le pouvoir pour s\u2019imposer \u00e0 travers un scrutin non transparent et manipul\u00e9 \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d\u2019informations :<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/news.aniamey.com\/h\/65818.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/news.aniamey.com\/h\/65818.html<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/news.aniamey.com\/h\/65817.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/news.aniamey.com\/h\/65817.html<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/news.aniamey.com\/h\/65823.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/news.aniamey.com\/h\/65823.html<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/news.aniamey.com\/h\/65873.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/news.aniamey.com\/h\/65873.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Libya, 26.01-9.02.2016: Ongoing political deadlock over Government of National Accord<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Presidency Council, headed by Prime Minister-designate, Faiez al-Serraj, has failed to meet the deadline of 9 February 2016 &#8211; set by the House of Representatives (HoR) &#8211; to present a second proposed list for the Government of National Accord. The role of retired general, Khalifa Haftar, as well as the post of minister for defence, remain stumbling blocks in the talks among the different signatories of the Political Agreement.<\/p>\n<p>Hafter\u2019s future is creating division within the HoR, political parties that supported the agreement, and lobbying groups for various towns and territories. A meeting of political parties in Tunis last weekend failed to reach a consensus. While the Justice and Construction Party (Muslim Brotherhood) seems to agree on a role for Haftar, Hakim Belhaj\u2019s Watan (Homeland) Party and the National Salvation Front remain dubious. Another issue is that southern parliamentarians insist on having the minister of defence portfolio. Over the last week, a number of proposals have been floated for unblocking the stalled negotiations. Some suggested that al-Serraj should hold the defence ministry post, while others proposed a joint command embodied by the five members of the Presidency Council. Others even suggested to do without the defence ministry all together.<\/p>\n<p>On the military front, an Operation Dignity air strike on Derna at the end of January left unknown numbers of civilians dead. As a result, the air strike was condemned by Tripoli, Tobruk, and even Abdallah al-Thani in Beida. At first the identity of the aircraft was not known, until Haftar\u2019s Operation Dignity admitted that a MiG-23 aircraft crashed in Derna due to mechanical failure. After photographs of the aircraft were circulated on social media, unnamed sources admitted that it was, in fact, brought down in Derna.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/unsmil.unmissions.org\/Default.aspx?tabid=35\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/unsmil.unmissions.org\/Default.aspx?tabid=35<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.libyaherald.com\/2016\/02\/08\/the-presidency-council-misses-hor-deadline-to-submit-government-defence-ministry-at-centre-of-delay\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.libyaherald.com\/2016\/02\/08\/the-presidency-council-misses-hor-deadline<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.libyaherald.com\/2016\/02\/07\/unknown-aircraft-carry-out-deadly-raids-in-derna\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.libyaherald.com\/2016\/02\/07\/unknown-aircraft-carry-out-deadly-raids-in-derna\/<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.libyaherald.com\/2016\/02\/08\/ansar-al-sharia-in-derna-says-it-shot-down-mig-23-today\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.libyaherald.com\/2016\/02\/08\/ansar-al-sharia-in-derna-says-it-shot-down-mig-23-today\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>RELATIONS BETWEENCOMMUNITIES OF DIFFERENTETHNIC, CULTURAL AND RELIGIOUS AFFILIATIONS \/<br \/>\nRELATIONS ENTRE COMMUNAUT\u00c9S DE DIFF\u00c9RENTES AFFILIATIONS ETHNIQUES, CULTURELLES ET RELIGIEUSES<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Irak, 08.02.2016 : Le sectarianisme en Irak, entre manquements politiques pass\u00e9s, strat\u00e9gie de \u00ab l\u2019Etat islamique \u00bb et les voix qui s\u2019y opposent<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Le rapport de Human Rights Watch publi\u00e9 dimanche 31 janvier souligne la recrudescence de tensions sur bases sectaires en Irak. En effet, son rapport annonce de possibles crimes de guerre perp\u00e9tr\u00e9s par des milices soutenues par l\u2019Iran et faisant partie de la Mobilisation populaire.<br \/>\nLe 11 janvier, le groupe connu sous le nom d\u2019\u00ab Etat islamique \u00bb (EI) avait revendiqu\u00e9 l\u2019explosion dans un caf\u00e9 de Muqdadiya, dans la province de la Diyala, qui avait entra\u00een\u00e9 la mort de 23 personnes, dont des militants engag\u00e9s dans les deux milices chiites dominant la r\u00e9gion, les Brigades Badr et la Ligue des forces justes, appartenant \u00e0 la Mobilisation populaire. Cette attaque avait \u00e9t\u00e9 suivie par une vague de repr\u00e9sailles visant sans discrimination les civils : civils sunnites enlev\u00e9s et abattus, maisons de r\u00e9sidents sunnites d\u00e9molies, pr\u00e8s de 10 mosqu\u00e9es br\u00fbl\u00e9es. Pr\u00e8s de trois semaines plus tard et malgr\u00e9 les promesses du premier ministre Haidar al-Abadi et les d\u00e9clarations du chef des Brigades Badr, aucun des responsables n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 remis \u00e0 la justice.<\/p>\n<p>Ces \u00e9v\u00e9nements ont lev\u00e9 les craintes d\u2019une augmentation des tensions \u00e0 bases sectaires, certains allant m\u00eame jusqu\u2019\u00e0 parler d\u2019\u00e9puration ethnique, alors que les r\u00e9sidents sunnites seraient soit victimes des repr\u00e9sailles des milices chiites ayant repris le contr\u00f4le \u00e0 l\u2019EI soit n\u2019oseraient plus revenir dans leurs villages par peur de ces repr\u00e9sailles. Certains observateurs, comme Mustafa al-Kadhimi d\u2019Al-Monitor, mettent aussi en garde contre l\u2019application de l\u2019ancienne strat\u00e9gie d\u2019Abu Musab Zarqawi, fondateur d\u2019al-Qaida en Irak, organisation qui est devenue aujourd\u2019hui l\u2019EI. Selon cet analyste, quand le chef d\u2019al-Qaida, Ayman al-Zawahiri aurait demand\u00e9 \u00e0 Zarqawi en 2005 de se concentrer sur les forces occupantes et non pas sur les chiites, Zarqawi aurait refuser d\u2019ob\u00e9ir, argumentant que \u00ab si nous r\u00e9ussissons \u00e0 les entra\u00eener dans une guerre sectaire, il sera alors possible de r\u00e9veiller les sunnites, qui sinon resteraient endormis s\u2019ils ne sentaient pas une menace imminente d\u2019extermination par les mains des chiites \u00bb. Selon cette analyse, l\u2019observateur en question incite le gouvernement irakien \u00e0 prendre les mesures n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 rassurer les sunnites, notamment par la remise devant la justice des coupables de violences.<\/p>\n<p>Suite \u00e0 ces \u00e9v\u00e9nements, le Grand Ayatollah en avait fait appel aux forces de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 gouvernementales pour mettre un terme \u00e0 la r\u00e9p\u00e9tition de ces attaques et ne pas permettre la pr\u00e9sence de milices en-dehors du cadre de l\u2019Etat. En juin 2014, le Grand Ayatollah Sistani avait publi\u00e9 une fatwa encourageant les Irakiens \u00e0 prendre les armes pour d\u00e9fendre leur pays, leur peuple et leurs lieux sacr\u00e9s, alors que l\u2019EI s\u2019\u00e9tait empar\u00e9 de Mossoul. De nombreuses milices s\u2019\u00e9taient alors form\u00e9es, notamment certaines avec le soutien de l\u2019Iran. Depuis, de nombreux cas d\u2019attaques indiscrimin\u00e9es sur les civils des r\u00e9gions reprises \u00e0 l\u2019EI ont \u00e9t\u00e9 rapport\u00e9s. Ces milices ont \u00e9t\u00e9 incorpor\u00e9es officiellement au sein des forces de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de l\u2019Etat sous le nom de Mobilisation populaire en avril 2015.<\/p>\n<p>Alors que les tensions entre communaut\u00e9s sunnites et chiites menacent l\u2019unit\u00e9 du pays, quelques figures politiques importantes sont revenues sur le sectarianisme rongeant le pays en reconnaissant que le gouvernement appoint\u00e9 par les Am\u00e9ricains apr\u00e8s la chute de Saddam Hussein en \u00e9tait coupable. Lundi 1er f\u00e9vrier, Bahaa al-Araji, figure du Mouvement chiite sadriste et ancien vice premier ministre, a admis que les politiciens arrivant sur la sc\u00e8ne politique apr\u00e8s la chute de Saddam Hussein n\u2019avaient pas de soutien populaire et que pour mobiliser des foules, ils avaient commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 parler de sectarianisme.<\/p>\n<p>Cependant, parmi les jeunes et la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile se forment des poches de r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 ces discours qui divisent la population. Apr\u00e8s les \u00e9v\u00e9nements dans la Diyala, des groupes de jeunes et de membres de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile des villes de Najaf, Karbala et Basra, principalement chiites, se sont engag\u00e9s \u00e0 reconstruire ce qui avait \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9truit par les milices. A travers cette campagne humanitaire, ces jeunes voudraient affirmer, selon un des participants, \u00ab que les milices qui ont attaqu\u00e9 la Diyala ne nous repr\u00e9sentent pas, de la m\u00eame mani\u00e8re qu\u2019IS (EI) ne repr\u00e9sente pas les sunnites et que le PKK ne repr\u00e9sente pas les Kurdes \u00bb. Cette initiative serait le reflet d\u2019une prise de conscience parmi certains jeunes que c\u2019est \u00e0 eux maintenant de prendre l\u2019initiative de corriger les erreurs des politiciens qui ont divis\u00e9 la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 irakienne sur des bases sectaires et ethniques. Cette m\u00eame ranc\u0153ur contre les politiciens et cette aspiration \u00e0 l\u2019unit\u00e9 peuvent \u00eatre ressenties dans les propos de cheikhs sunnites de la province d\u2019Anbar accueillis avec leurs familles dans la ville de Kerbala apr\u00e8s avoir d\u00fb fuir Ramadi et Fallujah : l\u2019accueil et l\u2019assistance qui leur a \u00e9t\u00e9 t\u00e9moign\u00e9s \u00ab nous font sentir que nous sommes toujours unifi\u00e9s&#8230; Bien que ce sens d\u2019unit\u00e9 inclut le peuple ordinaire et exclut les politiciens. \u00bb<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d\u2019informations :<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-mideast-crisis-iraq-security-idUSKCN0UT19A\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-mideast-crisis-iraq-security-idUSKCN0UT19A<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/pafi.org\/diyala-war-crimes-and-increased-sectarian-violence\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/pafi.org\/diyala-war-crimes-and-increased-sectarian-violence\/<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2016\/01\/31\/iraq-possible-war-crimes-shia-militia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2016\/01\/31\/iraq-possible-war-crimes-shia-militia<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/1\/15\/iraqs-top-shia-cleric-condemns-diyala-violence\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/1\/15\/iraqs-top-shia-cleric-condemns-diyala-violence<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/society\/2016\/1\/18\/iraqis-launch-campaign-to-rebuild-what-militias-destroyed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/society\/2016\/1\/18\/iraqis-launch-campaign-to-rebuild-what-militias-destroyed<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/2\/2\/top-iraqi-politicians-we-created-sectarian-firestorm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/2\/2\/top-iraqi-politicians-we-created-sectarian-firestorm<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/originals\/2016\/02\/iraq-sunni-shiite-conflict-diyala-isis-benefits.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/originals\/2016\/02\/iraq-sunni-shiite-conflict-diyala-isis-benefits.html#<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/originals\/2016\/01\/underestimate-iraq-nationalism.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/originals\/2016\/01\/underestimate-iraq-nationalism.html#<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Liban, 09.02.2016 : Le vide pr\u00e9sidentiel persiste<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pour la 35\u00e8me fois depuis mai 2014, le parlement n\u2019a pas r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 r\u00e9unir lundi 8 f\u00e9vrier le quorum n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9lection d\u2019un nouveau pr\u00e9sident, bien que certains analystes eussent annonc\u00e9 que le soutien de Samir Geagea et des Forces libanaises \u00e0 la candidature de Michel Aoun pouvait avoir d\u00e9bloqu\u00e9 la situation.<\/p>\n<p>Le week-end pr\u00e9c\u00e9dant la r\u00e9union du parlement, le Hezbollah, pourtant principal alli\u00e9 de M. Aoun, avait fait savoir que ses repr\u00e9sentants n\u2019assisteraient pas \u00e0 la session tant qu\u2019il n\u2019y avait pas eu d\u2019accord sur un candidat. Cette position ambig\u00fce est peut-\u00eatre \u00e0 l\u2019origine des propos du conseiller de S. Geagea qui a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 dimanche que \u00ab soit le Hezbollah ne voulait pas de pr\u00e9sident, soit il ne voulait pas Aoun \u00bb. De son c\u00f4t\u00e9, M. Aoun serait revenu ce week-end sur des points de l\u2019accord conclu avec S. Geagea, peut-\u00eatre par crainte \u00e9galement de voir que l\u2019engagement de son alli\u00e9 de dix ans ne se concr\u00e9tisait pas. Sur la cha\u00eene t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9e de son parti, il aurait r\u00e9affirm\u00e9 son alliance avec le Hezbollah, lui t\u00e9moignant sa reconnaissance pour son engagement en Syrie qui contribuerait \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 du pays, alors que l\u2019arm\u00e9e nationale ne serait pas assez grande ni assez \u00e9quip\u00e9e pour garantir la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de ses fronti\u00e8res. En cela, il aurait n\u00e9glig\u00e9 le paragraphe de l\u2019accord sign\u00e9 moins d\u2019un mois plus t\u00f4t avec S. Geagea stipulant que les deux chefs politiques s\u2019engageaient \u00e0 soutenir l\u2019arm\u00e9e nationale afin de lui permettre d\u2019\u00eatre la seule force militaire au Liban. De plus, il y aurait eu accord sur le fait que Hezbollah ne devait pas se battre au Liban parce que cela contredisait la d\u00e9claration de Baabda qui avait \u00e9t\u00e9 un consensus de tous les partis lors du dialogue national.<\/p>\n<p>Quant \u00e0 la persistance du vide pr\u00e9sidentiel, le politicien Farid Makari, vice-pr\u00e9sident du parlement et proche alli\u00e9 de Saad Hariri, met en cause le fait que le Hezbollah profiterait de la situation pour s\u2019efforcer de faire passer des amendements \u00e0 la Constitution qui lui permettraient d\u2019obtenir une place permanente au niveau ex\u00e9cutif. Dans les diplomaties occidentales, il semblerait que le fait que Hezbollah et son parrain iranien soient les protagonistes principaux du blocage soit largement reconnu. Il suffirait de consid\u00e9rer les propos de l\u2019adjoint du chef du parti pour s\u2019en assurer. Samedi dernier, il aurait expliqu\u00e9 ainsi l\u2019abstention des d\u00e9put\u00e9s du Hezbollah \u00e0 se pr\u00e9senter \u00e0 la prochaine session \u00e9lectorale : \u00ab lorsque les choses auront m\u00fbri, nous agirons en cons\u00e9quence et en cueillerons les fruits \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d\u2019informations :<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/en.farsnews.com\/newstext.aspx?nn=13941119001538\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/en.farsnews.com\/newstext.aspx?nn=13941119001538<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/english.aawsat.com\/2016\/02\/article55347373\/makari-irans-regional-negative-role-a-result-of-u-s-backing-down\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/english.aawsat.com\/2016\/02\/article55347373\/makari-irans-regional-negative-role-a-result-of-u-s-backing-down<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/yalibnan.com\/2016\/02\/07\/aoun-reneges-on-his-agreement-with-geagea-says-hezbollah-bus-defend-lebanon\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/yalibnan.com\/2016\/02\/07\/aoun-reneges-on-his-agreement-with-geagea-says-hezbollah-bus-defend-lebanon<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/yalibnan.com\/2016\/02\/08\/hard-calls-for-amending-the-constitution-after-parliament-failed-to-elect-a-president\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/yalibnan.com\/2016\/02\/08\/hard-calls-for-amending-the-constitution-after-parliament-failed-to-elect-a-president<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/969288\/aux-yeux-de-ladministration-us-frangie-sest-demarque-de-aoun-par-son-approche-nationale.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/969288\/aux-yeux-de-ladministration-us-frangie-sest-demarque-de-aoun<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Europe, 08.02.16: Les partis populistes europ\u00e9ens unis \u00e0 Milan et la rh\u00e9torique anti-r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s d\u00e9complex\u00e9e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La mont\u00e9e des populismes en Europe inqui\u00e8te de plus en plus les d\u00e9fenseurs des droits et des libert\u00e9s individuelles. Les partis populistes se sont en effet r\u00e9unis le 28 janvier dernier \u00e0 Milan, dans le cadre de la r\u00e9union de \u00ab l\u2019Europe des Nations et des Libert\u00e9s \u00bb. Pr\u00e9alablement \u00e0 cette rencontre, une d\u00e9l\u00e9gation du Front national fran\u00e7ais s\u2019\u00e9tait rendue en Roumanie (d\u00e9cembre 2015) dans le but de renforcer les liens entre partis populistes afin de construire une \u00ab nouvelle Europe \u00bb, en opposition \u00e0 ce qu\u2019ils qualifient de \u00ab monstre europ\u00e9en \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Le ton se durcit vis-\u00e0-vis de l\u2019afflux de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s \u00e9galement du c\u00f4t\u00e9 des dirigeants europ\u00e9ens dits plus \u201cmod\u00e9r\u00e9s\u201d. La menace que fait peser l\u2019organisation du soi-disant Etat islamique (EI) en Europe, semblerait justifier un \u00e9tat d\u2019urgence permanent, qui tendrait \u00e0 mettre en p\u00e9ril la mise en place d\u2019initiatives plus \u00ab justes \u00bb, comme l\u2019instauration de quotas de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s par pays. Or, c\u2019est plut\u00f4t un durcissement qui semble s\u2019op\u00e9rer \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard de ces populations partout en Europe. En t\u00e9moigne par exemple l\u2019adoption d\u2019une mesure autorisant la d\u00e9possession des biens des migrants au Danemark.<\/p>\n<p>Les \u00e9v\u00e8nements de Cologne semblent quant \u00e0 eux avoir donn\u00e9 naissance \u00e0 un v\u00e9ritable \u00ab syndrome \u00bb, nourrissant \u00e0 la fois les discours des partis populistes europ\u00e9ens mais \u00e9galement ceux de partis plus \u00ab mod\u00e9r\u00e9s \u00bb. En effet, le discours des politiciens europ\u00e9ens semble s\u2019\u00eatre d\u00e9complex\u00e9. Un gouverneur belge aurait notamment d\u00e9clar\u00e9 qu\u2019il ne fallait \u00ab pas nourrir les r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s \u00bb pour, selon lui, \u00ab emp\u00eacher que d\u2019autres n\u2019arrivent de Calais \u00bb. En Allemagne la pr\u00e9sidente du parti populiste allemand (AFD), Frauke Petry, aurait d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que les forces de police \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re devraient pouvoir si besoin \u00ab faire usage d\u2019une arme \u00e0 feu \u00bb. Cependant, des voix d\u00e9non\u00e7ant ces propos se font entendre et des initiatives originales voient le jour, comme celle du \u00ab Youtubeur \u00bb et r\u00e9fugi\u00e9 syrien Firas Alshater dans sa vid\u00e9o humoristique \u00ab Zukar \u00bb. Esp\u00e9rons que de telles initiatives citoyennes se d\u00e9veloppent afin de contrer un climat politique de plus en plus d\u00e9l\u00e9t\u00e8re car c\u2019est un tel climat qui tendrait, selon The New Arab, \u00e0 renforcer des mouvements terroristes qui se nourriraient des divisions et de l\u2019animosit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d\u2019informations :<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/fr.euronews.com\/2016\/01\/29\/l-extreme-droite-europeenne-reunie-a-milan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/fr.euronews.com\/2016\/01\/29\/l-extreme-droite-europeenne-reunie-a-milan\/<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.europe1.fr\/international\/marine-le-pen-a-milan-au-bal-des-extremistes-europeens-2658975\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.europe1.fr\/international\/marine-le-pen-a-milan-au-bal-des-extremistes-europeens-2658975<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/commentisfree\/2016\/jan\/22\/the-guardian-view-on-the-refugee-crisis-dial-down-the-rhetoric-and-have-the-difficult-debate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/commentisfree\/2016\/jan\/22\/the-guardian-view-on-the-refugee-crisis<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/blog\/2016\/2\/1\/germany-kremlin-far-right-exploit-teenagers-lies-about-migrant-rape\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/blog\/2016\/2\/1\/germany-kremlin-far-right-exploit-teenagers-lies-about-migrant-rape<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/columns\/far-rights-anti-refugee-hysteria-will-eventually-rip-europe-apart-639570560\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/columns\/far-rights-anti-refugee-hysteria-will-eventually-rip-europe-apart-639570560<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/planete\/2016\/02\/05\/cinq-declarations-decomplexees-des-politiques-europeens-sur-les-refugies_1431107\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/planete\/2016\/02\/05\/cinq-declarations-decomplexees-des-politiques-europeens-sur-les-refugies<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/planete\/2016\/02\/03\/afd-un-discours-de-droite-dure-qui-s-enracine-en-allemagne_1430787\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/planete\/2016\/02\/03\/afd-un-discours-de-droite-dure-qui-s-enracine-en-allemagne_1430787<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/society\/2016\/1\/30\/hrw-politics-of-fear-threatens-rights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/society\/2016\/1\/30\/hrw-politics-of-fear-threatens-rights<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Europe, 08.02.16 : Aggravation de la crise humanitaire et r\u00e9\u00e9valuation des priorit\u00e9s europ\u00e9ennes<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Alors que le sort des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s fuyant Alep est aujourd\u2019hui entre les mains de la Turquie, la situation humanitaire en Europe se d\u00e9grade. Les conditions de vie des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s dans les camps en Europe, et particuli\u00e8rement dans le nord de la France, sont souvent d\u00e9sastreuses. La \u00ab jungle de Calais \u00bb et le camp proche de Dunkerque, nomm\u00e9 \u201ccamp de la honte\u201d, en sont des illustrations tristement c\u00e9l\u00e8bres. Les conditions sanitaires sont souvent terribles et des maladies qui avaient disparu du paysage fran\u00e7ais r\u00e9apparaissent, la gale et la rougeole par exemple. Dans ces camps, les r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s vivent dans la peur, le froid et l\u2019incertitude du lendemain.<\/p>\n<p>En outre, la disparition d\u2019au moins 10&rsquo;000 enfants r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s, r\u00e9cemment r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9e par Europol, fait la une de l\u2019actualit\u00e9 depuis environ une semaine. Ces enfants, qui pour la plupart voyageraient seuls, auraient disparu peu de temps apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 enregistr\u00e9s \u00e0 leur arriv\u00e9e en Europe, et la crainte qu\u2019ils soient tomb\u00e9s entre les mains de trafiquants grandit de jour en jour.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019urgence humanitaire en Europe est telle que certains pays doivent r\u00e9allouer une partie de leur budget d\u00e9di\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019externe vers l\u2019interne. La Su\u00e8de a par exemple r\u00e9allou\u00e9 30% de son budget externe vers l\u2019interne. Cela pr\u00e9sente un changement d\u2019\u00e9chelle in\u00e9dit, que l\u2019on n\u2019avait pas vu en Europe depuis des d\u00e9cennies. En effet, les guerres et les conflits analys\u00e9s il y a peu \u00e0 distance, sont aujourd\u2019hui devenus des questions de politique int\u00e9rieure s\u00e9rieuses.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d\u2019informations :<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/proche-orient\/article\/2016\/02\/04\/des-dizaines-de-milliers-de-civils-en-fuite-dans-le-nord-de-la-syrie_4859778_3218.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/proche-orient\/article\/2016\/02\/04\/des-dizaines-de-milliers-de-civils-en-fuite-dans-le-nord-de-la-syrie<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-35519393\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/fr.euronews.com\/2016\/02\/05\/pres-de-dunkerque-des-refugies-s-entassent-dans-le-camp-de-la-honte\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/fr.euronews.com\/2016\/02\/05\/pres-de-dunkerque-des-refugies-s-entassent-dans-le-camp-de-la-honte<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.arte.tv\/guide\/fr\/064506-000-A\/les-defis-de-l-accueil?autoplay=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.arte.tv\/guide\/fr\/064506-000-A\/les-defis-de-l-accueil<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.fr\/2016\/01\/31\/10000-enfants-migrants-disparus-europe_n_9125774.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.fr\/2016\/01\/31\/10000-enfants-migrants-disparus-europe<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2016\/jan\/30\/fears-for-missing-child-refugees\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2016\/jan\/30\/fears-for-missing-child-refugees<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.fr\/xavier-delucq\/des-enfants-syriens-exploites-en-turquie_b_9153568.html?utm_hp_ref=fr-international\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.fr\/xavier-delucq\/des-enfants-syriens-exploites-en-turquie<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Y\u00e9men, 08.02.16: Intensification des combats sur Taiz, ville strat\u00e9gique et assi\u00e9g\u00e9e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La ville de Taiz, assi\u00e9g\u00e9e par les Houthis et r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement bombard\u00e9e par la coalition men\u00e9e par l\u2019Arabie saoudite, est une ville strat\u00e9gique dans le conflit au Y\u00e9men. En 2015 d\u00e9j\u00e0, Gamal Gasim, professeur de science politique d\u2019origine y\u00e9m\u00e9nite, d\u00e9clarait : \u00ab the liberation of Taiz could represent the real beginning of an end to this tragic war\u201d. En effet, reprendre la ville de Taiz reviendrait, selon ce dernier, \u00e0 s\u00e9curiser un p\u00e9rim\u00e8tre suffisant qui emp\u00eacherait les Houthis de prendre contr\u00f4le de la ville d\u2019Aden, ce qui repr\u00e9senterait pour le gouvernement une grande victoire strat\u00e9gique.<\/p>\n<p>Taiz a \u00e9t\u00e9 la capitale du Y\u00e9men de 1175 jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la chute des arm\u00e9es ottomanes en 1516, son patrimoine culturel est riche et aujourd\u2019hui menac\u00e9. Sanaa n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9clar\u00e9e capitale que bien plus tard, en 1962.<\/p>\n<p>Aujourd\u2019hui, la situation humanitaire \u00e0 Taiz est catastrophique et les tentatives violentes pour reprendre la ville sont de plus en plus intenses. Selon six organisations de la province de Taiz, 1\u2019251 civils seraient morts et 9&rsquo;738 seraient bless\u00e9s depuis le d\u00e9but des combats en mars, dont 208 femmes et 285 enfants morts et 1&rsquo;129 femmes et 1&rsquo;021 enfants bless\u00e9s. Selon un rapport onusien (janvier 2015), les civils seraient vis\u00e9s par la coalition men\u00e9e par l\u2019Arabie saoudite, de mani\u00e8res \u00ab syst\u00e9matique et g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e \u00bb. L\u2019organisation Human Rights Watch a de son c\u00f4t\u00e9 annonc\u00e9 que la population \u00e9tait pass\u00e9e de 600&rsquo;000 \u00e0 200&rsquo;000 habitants entre le d\u00e9but des combats et aujourd\u2019hui.<\/p>\n<p>Les cons\u00e9quences sociales de l\u2019intensification des combats sont dramatiques (impossibilit\u00e9 de reconstruction, d\u00e9litement des familles, troubles psychologiques, paup\u00e9risation, destruction du patrimoine y\u00e9m\u00e9nite, entre autres). Dans le m\u00eame temps et alors que de nombreux pays sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 engag\u00e9s militairement aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de l\u2019Arabie saoudite (Kowe\u00eft, Qatar, Egypte, Maroc, Bahre\u00efn, Jordanie, Soudan, EAU, S\u00e9n\u00e9gal, Malaisie), la politique britannique en mati\u00e8re d\u2019armement est de plus en plus critiqu\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019interne. Des membres du parlement britannique d\u00e9noncent l\u2019augmentation all\u00e9gu\u00e9e de vente d\u2019armes \u00e0 l\u2019Arabie saoudite, depuis l\u2019intervention de la coalition au Y\u00e9men. Ces armes seraient selon eux utilis\u00e9es dans le cadre de proc\u00e9dures militaires violant le droit international, ce qui irait \u00e0 l\u2019encontre des lois britanniques r\u00e9gissant son commerce international. R\u00e9pondant \u00e0 ces critiques, le gouvernement a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 avoir \u00ab l\u2019un des syst\u00e8mes d\u2019exportation d\u2019armes les plus transparents au monde \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d\u2019informations :<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2015\/11\/151124070045342.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2015\/11\/151124070045342<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/uk-35484097\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/uk-35484097<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/british-mps-call-halt-saudi-weapons-sales-790389522\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/british-mps-call-halt-saudi-weapons-sales<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2016\/02\/civilians-trapped-battle-yemen-taiz-160204161746959.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2016\/02\/civilians-trapped-battle-yemen-taiz<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/taiz-homeless-yemen-war-1713560563\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/taiz-homeless-yemen-war<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/taiz-s-national-museum-reduced-ash-fighting-1745248594\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/taiz-s-national-museum-reduced-ash-fighting<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/102096-160208-the-forgotten-crisis-of-yemen-s-millions-on-brink-of-starvation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/102096-160208-the-forgotten-crisis-of-yemen<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-35423282\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-35423282<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mauritanie, 30.01.2016: Cr\u00e9ation d\u2019une coalition nationale contre le racisme<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Un groupe d\u2019organisations de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile mauritanienne, des hommes politiques et des intellectuels issus de divers horizons, ont lanc\u00e9, \u00e0 Nouakchott, une coalition nationale de lutte contre le racisme. Elle se d\u00e9nomme Coalition Action contre la Discrimination Raciale et l&rsquo;Exclusion (CADRE).<\/p>\n<p>Au cours des c\u00e9r\u00e9monies de lancement de la Coalition, Fatimata M\u2019Baye, avocate et pr\u00e9sidente de l\u2019Association mauritanienne des droits de l\u2019Homme et vice-pr\u00e9sidente de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration internationale des droits de l\u2019Homme (FIDH), a appel\u00e9 au jugement des officiers mauritaniens, coupables de crimes contre l\u2019humanit\u00e9 lors des \u00e9v\u00e8nements survenus dans le pays entre 1990 et 1991 dans les casernes, dossier connu localement sous l\u2019appellation de \u00ab Passif humanitaire \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>A l\u2019\u00e9poque, plusieurs centaines d\u2019officiers et de militaires n\u00e9gro-mauritaniens avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 arr\u00eat\u00e9s et soumis \u00e0 des interrogatoires muscl\u00e9s ayant conduit \u00e0 la mort d\u2019environ 502 personnes et provoqu\u00e9 l\u2019invalidit\u00e9 permanente ou partielle de centaines d\u2019autres. Officiellement, ces arrestations avaient pour but de tirer au clair des informations faisant \u00e9tat de l\u2019existence d\u2019une conspiration visant \u00e0 renverser le r\u00e9gime de l\u2019\u00e9poque.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d\u2019informations :<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=680214\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=680214<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=680327\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=680327<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/fr.essirage.net\/node\/670\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/fr.essirage.net\/node\/670<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/mauriactu.info\/fr\/articles\/evenements-8990-faire-la-part-des-choses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/mauriactu.info\/fr\/articles\/evenements-8990-faire-la-part-des-choses<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>VIOLENT EXTREMISM AND THE WAR ON TERROR \/<br \/>\nEXTR\u00c9MISME VIOLENT ET LA GUERRE CONTRE LA TERREUR<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Egypt, 02.08.2016: Justice Minister says for every police &lsquo;martyr,&rsquo; 10,000 Muslim Brotherhood members and their supporters should be killed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Egypt&rsquo;s Minister of Justice Ahmed al-Zind said in a TV interview on 27 January, 2016 that he believed that for every fallen \u00ab\u00a0martyr\u00a0\u00bb from the Egyptian police and Armed Forces, 10,000 Muslim Brotherhood members and their supporters should be killed. \u00ab\u00a0I believe that if 40,000 terrorists were killed it would not be enough for the martyrs. I swear to God that the fire burning in my heart will not die except when for every martyr, 10,000 Muslim Brotherhood members and supporters are killed,\u00a0\u00bb Zind said. The minister also vowed that all death sentences issued against members of the Brotherhood, including former president Mohamed Morsi, would be carried out after all appeals are exhausted. \u00ab\u00a0I<\/p>\n<p>would leave my position immediately [if the sentences are not carried out]. Human Rights Watch said on 2 February in a letter to Abdel Fattah al-Sisi that Sisi should condemn recent remarks by his justice minister that \u201cappeared to advocate the mass killing of Muslim Brotherhood supporters.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/egypts-justice-minister-calls-killing-400000-mb-members-and-supporters-1842112087\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/egypts-justice-minister-calls-killing-400000<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/1\/64\/186182\/Egypt\/Politics-\/For-every-police-martyr,-,-terrorists-should-be-ki.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/1\/64\/186182\/Egypt\/Politics-\/For-every-police-martyr<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2016\/02\/08\/egypt-condemn-justice-ministers-hate-speech\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2016\/02\/08\/egypt-condemn-justice-ministers-hate-speech<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Egypt, 04.02.2016: Violations against the press and media personnel continue<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Prominent Egyptian activist and lawyer Gamal Eid, a manager at the Arabic Network for Human Rights Information, has said that security officials prevented him from travelling from Cairo to Athens early Thursday, 4 February 2016. Human Rights Watch said last November it had documented at least 32 instances where Egyptian airport security authorities \u201cconfiscated the passport of political activists and workers in nongovernmental groups\u00a0\u00bb. In addition, a number of public figures and rights organizations has issued a statement that expresses their concern by the ongoing detention of writer and researcher Hisham Gaafar, the head of the board of trustees of the Mada foundation for Media Development, who has spent more than 100 days in detention. According to the Association for Freedom of Thought and Expression, violations against the press and media personnel in Egypt doubled over the second half of 2015 compared to the first half.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/1\/64\/186696\/Egypt\/Politics-\/Egyptian-rights-activist-Gamal-Eid-banned-from-tra.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/1\/64\/186696\/Egypt\/Politics-\/Egyptian-rights-activist-Gamal-Eid<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/afteegypt.org\/media_freedom-2\/2016\/02\/02\/11570-afteegypt.html?lang=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/afteegypt.org\/media_freedom-2\/2016\/02\/02\/11570<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/en.aswatmasriya.com\/news\/view.aspx?id=e3a94d80-242f-4b79-b269-f4da7c246ddf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/en.aswatmasriya.com\/news\/view.aspx?id=e3a94d80-242f-4b79-b269-f4da7c246ddf<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/afteegypt.org\/joint_statements\/2016\/01\/31\/11530-afteegypt.html?lang=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/afteegypt.org\/joint_statements\/2016\/01\/31\/11530<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>U.K., 07.02.2016: Anti-terror laws risk &lsquo;chilling effect&rsquo; on academic debate \u2013 Oxford college head<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The British government\u2019s anti-terrorism laws aimed at universities risk having a \u201cchilling effect\u201d on academic debate and a \u201cdeadening impact\u201d on research, according to a former director of public prosecutions. Ken Macdonald, warden of Wadham College, Oxford, said while it was fair to ask universities to curb attempts to radicalise or recruit students, the government\u2019s anti-radicalisation strategy, Prevent, could be abused to stifle otherwise legal debate. Last year the government\u2019s extremism analysis unit claimed at least 70 events featuring hate speakers were held on campuses.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/education\/2016\/feb\/07\/anti-terror-laws-academic-debate-oxford-college-ken-macdonald-prevent-strategy-university\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/education\/2016\/feb\/07\/anti-terror-laws-academic-debate<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/news\/pms-extremism-taskforce-tackling-extremism-in-universities-and-colleges-top-of-the-agenda\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/news\/pms-extremism-taskforce-tackling-extremism<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/prevent-duty-guidance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/prevent-duty-guidance<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>U.S.A. 06.02.2016: Marco Rubio and his \u201creal war on terror\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The young Florida senator Marco Rubio, who has emerged as the new favorite for the Republican nomination after an unexpectedly strong showing at this month\u2019s Iowa caucuses, may be the fresh face of the Republican Party. He is reviving the neo-conservative policies and rhetoric of George W Bush, and has even hired many of the former president&rsquo;s staff. Recently, he said, \u201cWhen I am president we are going to have a \u2018real war on terror\u2019,\u201d he promised his audience. \u201cThe best intelligence agencies in the world are gonna tell us where the terrorists are. The best military in the world will destroy them.\u201d He added that \u201cif we capture any of these terrorists alive,\u201d he continued. \u201cThey are not going to have the right to remain silent; they are not going to getting a court hearing in Manhattan; they are going straight to Guantanamo Bay, Cuba.\u201d He warned his audience of nuclear weapons possessed by the \u201clunatic\u201d dictator in North Korea; of a China that was \u201cstealing\u201d American inventions and \u201cblowing up\u201d the country\u2019s satellites; of a Russia hell-bent on seizing world power; an Iran that was \u201csponsoring terrorism\u201d; and the \u201capocalyptic\u201d attacks from the jihadists of Isil.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/us-election\/12144132\/Hawkish-Rubio-promises-real-war-on-terror.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/us-election\/12144132\/Hawkish-Rubio-promises-real-war-on-terror<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2015\/01\/13\/politics\/hfr-rubio-war-terror\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2015\/01\/13\/politics\/hfr-rubio-war-terror<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/marcorubio.com\/issues-2\/isis-plan-policy-proposal-defeat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/marcorubio.com\/issues-2\/isis-plan-policy-proposal-defeat<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ontheissues.org\/International\/Marco_Rubio_Homeland_Security.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.ontheissues.org\/International\/Marco_Rubio_Homeland_Security<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Cross-regional, 02.02.2016: UN Plan Calls for Intelligence Team in Damascus<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Foreign Policy obtained a published a confidential paper that says that the U.N.\u2019s envoy to Syria, Staffan de Mistura, wants to \u201cset up an independent information-gathering unit to monitor a cease-fire.\u201d The journal added that the UN envoy is discreetly making the case for establishing an intelligence-gathering cell to help implement any cease-fire agreements that may emerge from the Syrian peace process. The journal also published another report that is mapping the \u201cspread of the ISIS plague\u201d, adding that he Islamic State is rapidly expanding its operations far beyond its strongholds in Iraq and Syria.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2016\/02\/02\/u-n-plan-calls-for-intel-team-in-damascus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2016\/02\/02\/u-n-plan-calls-for-intel-team-in-damascus<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2016\/02\/02\/mapping-the-spread-of-the-isis-plague\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2016\/02\/02\/mapping-the-spread-of-the-isis-plague<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Addis-Abeba, 03.02.2016: Des moyens financiers pour la lutte contre Boko Haram<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Lors du sommet de l\u2019Union africaine, tenu les 30 et 31 janvier derniers \u00e0 Addis-Abeba, les chefs d\u2019Etat ont consacr\u00e9 une demi-journ\u00e9e \u00e0 la question de la lutte contre le terrorisme au Sahel. Le premier d\u00e9fi \u00e9voqu\u00e9 \u00e9tait celui que pose l\u2019organisation Boko Haram \u00e0 la plupart des pays du bassin du lac Tchad et du Sahel. Une strat\u00e9gie africaine de lutte contre le groupe serait en marche. Elle fait partie d\u2019un m\u00e9canisme africain, adopt\u00e9 depuis des ann\u00e9es pour la lutte contre le terrorisme et le crime organis\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>A cette occasion, les repr\u00e9sentants de la communaut\u00e9 internationale, r\u00e9unis lundi au si\u00e8ge de l&rsquo;Union africaine \u00e0 Addis-Abeba pour une conf\u00e9rence des donateurs, ont promis de d\u00e9gager 250 millions de dollars (231 MEUR) en vue de lutter contre le groupe arm\u00e9 \u00e0 inspiration religieuse Boko Haram.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d\u2019informations :<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/news.aniamey.com\/h\/65826.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/news.aniamey.com\/h\/65826.html<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/news.aniamey.com\/h\/65839.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/news.aniamey.com\/h\/65839.html<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/news.aniamey.com\/h\/65825.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/news.aniamey.com\/h\/65825.html<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/news.aniamey.com\/h\/65822.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/news.aniamey.com\/h\/65822.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Nigeria, 02.02.2016 : Boko Haram fait au moins 85 morts dans un attentat dans le nord-est du Nigeria<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Selon les autorit\u00e9s nig\u00e9rianes, des combattants pr\u00e9sum\u00e9s du groupe arm\u00e9 \u00e0 inspiration religieuse BokoHaram ont attaqu\u00e9 Dalori, \u00e0 une dizaine de kilom\u00e8tres de Maiduguri, la capitale de l\u2019\u00c9tat de Borno. L\u2019attentat a vis\u00e9 une agglom\u00e9ration regroupant un camp de d\u00e9plac\u00e9s internes fuyant les op\u00e9rations violentes du groupe. Au total, 85 morts et plusieurs dizaines de bless\u00e9s ont \u00e9t\u00e9 recens\u00e9s, selon des sources ind\u00e9pendantes. Pour sa part, le Dr Haruna Mshelia, commissaire \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 pour l\u2019\u00c9tat de Borno, \u00e9voque un bilan de 65 morts.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d\u2019informations :<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/298899\/politique\/nigeria-85-morts-lattaque-de-dalori-boko-haram\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/298899\/politique\/nigeria<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Morocco, 25.01 &#8211; 6.02.2016: The Marrakesh Declaration for Protection of Minorities in the Muslim World<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>An international conference on the rights of religious minorities in the Muslim world was held from 25-27 January in Marrakesh, hosted by the Moroccan Ministry of Religious Affairs and the Forum for Promoting Peace in Muslim Societies, based in UAE. The conference brought together around 300 scholars and academics from 120 Muslim-majority countries to reflect on the issue of protecting the rights of minorities in the Muslim world. The conference emphasised the 7th century Medina Charter as a basis for establishing a jurisprudence of citizenship that ensures inclusiveness and tolerance for societies with diverse religious composition. The Marrakesh Declaration also called for action regarding violence perpetrated against religious minorities by some self-proclaimed faith-based armed groups &#8211; such as the so-called Islamic State. The conference encouraged revision and reformation of religious education programmes and infrastructure, in order to promote Islamic ideals of tolerance and co-existence.<\/p>\n<p>Further to this, on 6 February King Mohamed VI decreed an overhaul of all religious education curricula in state, private, and traditional schools. The decree instructs the ministries of Religious Affairs and Education to ensure that the Malikite Sunni doctrine is observed in teaching programmes.<\/p>\n<p>Despite wide press coverage of the Marrakech Declaration, some critics remain sceptical of its impact. Although the re-instatement of the Medina Charter in the debate on human rights and citizenship has been warmly welcomed by some, experts on Islamic affairs point to the stark exclusion of important currents of Islamic thought from the conference, such as Muslim Brotherhood and Salafi representatives. Some experts see this as the reason that promoters of the Marrakesh Declaration cannot have a great impact on the wave of violence sweeping across countries in the Muslim world and the West at the hands of faith-based armed groups. Because of the exclusion of key religious groups and movements, it is unlikely that the meetings\u2019 resolutions will have an impact on the youth attracted by groups like Islamic State.<\/p>\n<p>The Marrakesh Declaration is the latest initiative since the growth in international attention to Islamic State in Iraq and Syria. Former, similar initiatives included the Open Letter to Baghdadi, which was signed by many scholars and organisations, but has clearly so far failed to have the desired impact. Observers say that for the success of such initiatives, their promoters should enjoy a certain degree of independence from governments, as well as legitimacy in the eyes of the frustrated and alienated youth filling the ranks of armed groups.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/2016\/01\/28\/marrakech-religion-tolera_n_9097658.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/2016\/01\/28\/marrakech<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/02\/03\/world\/africa\/muslim-conference-calls-for-protection-of-religious-minorities.html?_r=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/02\/03\/world\/africa\/muslim-conference<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/2016\/02\/08\/education-islamique-maroc-veut-reviser-programmes-scolaires_n_9189146.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/2016\/02\/08\/education-islamique-maroc-veut-reviser-programmes-scolaires_n_9189146.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/2016\/02\/08\/education-islamique<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.habous.gov.ma\/fr\/rencontre-de-marrakech\/3115-%E2%80%9Cthe-marrakech-declaration-on-the-rights-of-religious-minorities-in-the-muslim-world%E2%80%9D.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.habous.gov.ma\/fr\/rencontre-de-marrakech\/3115<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.habous.gov.ma\/images\/AhabousAR\/2016\/ministere_des_habous\/conference\/feuille_de_cadrage_Rencontre_de_Marrakech__Les_Droits_des_Minorit%C3%A9s_Religieuses_dans_les_Pays_%C3%A0_pr%C3%A9dominance_musulmane__Le_Cadre_L%C3%A9gal_et_lAppel_%C3%A0_laction_\/lettre_adress%C3%A9e_a_sa_majest%C3%A9_le_roi_mohammed_vi_du_participants_en_conference_merrakech_pour_les_minorit%C3%A9es_religieux.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.habous.gov.ma\/images\/AhabousAR\/2016\/ministere_des_habous\/<\/a> (Concept Note of the Conference in Arabic)<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.lettertobaghdadi.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lettertobaghdadi.com<\/a><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><em>The views and perspectives contained in the Weekly Update are from individual contributors and external sources, and do not necessarily reflect the opinions or position of the Cordoba Foundation of Geneva. The links are neither intended as an endorsement of particular publications nor the only source for the updates, but to connect to information in the public domain, for those interested in background or further details.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>26th January &#8211; 8th February 2016 Cordoba Foundation of Geneva<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5695,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-536","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-newsletter"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Cordoba Update 3\/2016 - Cordoba Peace Institute | Fran\u00e7ais<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/the-cordoba-update-3-2016\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Cordoba Update 3\/2016 - 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