{"id":208,"date":"2006-02-03T19:40:13","date_gmt":"2006-02-03T19:40:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/2006\/02\/03\/a-propos-des-visages-de-mahomet-bezuglich-der-gesichter-mohammeds-acerca-de-los-rostros-de-mahoma-%d8%ad%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a9\/"},"modified":"2023-05-30T13:04:45","modified_gmt":"2023-05-30T12:04:45","slug":"a-propos-des-visages-de-mahomet-bezuglich-der-gesichter-mohammeds-acerca-de-los-rostros-de-mahoma-%d8%ad%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/a-propos-des-visages-de-mahomet-bezuglich-der-gesichter-mohammeds-acerca-de-los-rostros-de-mahoma-%d8%ad%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"A propos des \u00abVisages de Mahomet\u00bb | Bez\u00fcglich der \u00abGesichter Mohammeds\u00bb | Acerca de los \u00abRostros de Mahoma\u00bb | \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645"},"content":{"rendered":"

Qui aurait pens\u00e9 qu’on arriverait un jour \u00e0 f\u00e9d\u00e9rer, d’une part, la conf\u00e9rence des ministres arabes de l’Int\u00e9rieur, gestionnaires de l’industrie de la torture \u2013 de leur propre initiative ou sous mandat \u2013, et, d’autre part, les masses des citoyens arabes victimes des r\u00e9gimes policiers ? Eh bien c’est fait ! Gr\u00e2ce au recueil des douze caricatures satiriques, \u00ab Les visages de Mahomet \u00bb, paru le 30 septembre 2005 dans le quotidien danois Jyllands-Posten et reproduit depuis dans d’autres m\u00e9dias comme le journal norv\u00e9gien Magazinet , le tablo\u00efd fran\u00e7ais France Soir et les quotidiens Die Welt en Allemagne, La Stampa en Italie et El Periodico en Espagne.<\/p>\n

Alors qu’\u00e0 l’issue de leur r\u00e9union du 31 janvier \u00e0 Tunis, les Premiers policiers arabes ont demand\u00e9 au gouvernement danois de \u00ab sanctionner fermement \u00bb les auteurs des caricatures jug\u00e9es blasph\u00e9matoires contre le proph\u00e8te, les manifestations se multiplient dans les capitales arabes et musulmanes br\u00fblant drapeaux danois et photos du Premier ministre Anders Fogh Rasmussen. La campagne de boycottage des produits danois s’\u00e9largit et se renforce dans le monde musulman. Elle est suivie scrupuleusement aussi bien par le religieux qui renonce \u00e0 son lait Arla que par le profane qui abandonne sa bi\u00e8re Carlsberg. Nestl\u00e9, qui s’est trouv\u00e9 m\u00eal\u00e9 \u00e0 cette affaire, a d\u00fb publier un encart publicitaire en premi\u00e8re page du quotidien Asharq al-Awsat , concernant le lait en poudre Nido, pr\u00e9cisant que \u00ab ce n’est ni produit au Danemark, ni import\u00e9 du Danemark. \u00bb<\/p>\n

Quel est donc ce pouvoir f\u00e9d\u00e9rateur qui a pu unir dans le monde musulman haut responsable et simple citoyen, shiite, salafi et Fr\u00e8re musulman, Turc, Persan et Arabe, Organisation intergouvernementale et ONG ? C’est que l’on a touch\u00e9 \u00e0 la personne du proph\u00e8te, qu’un musulman est cens\u00e9 ch\u00e9rir plus que sa propre personne. On a touch\u00e9 \u00e0 ce symbole non pas parce que sa repr\u00e9sentation est illicite \u2013 cette interdiction ne peut \u00eatre applicable aux non musulmans \u2013 mais \u00e0 cause du contenu des caricatures, qui ramasse en quelques croquis, comme celui du proph\u00e8te coiff\u00e9 d’un turban en forme de bombe, l’ensemble des clich\u00e9s v\u00e9hicul\u00e9s \u00e0 l’encontre de la religion islamique : terrorisme, misogynie, obscurantisme, fanatisme, etc., en Occident et notamment \u00ab dans un royaume [du Danemark] o\u00f9 la religion musulmane est qualifi\u00e9e de \u2018religion terroriste’ ou \u2018religion du Moyen Age’ par certains hommes politiques au parlement \u00bb, comme le soulignait La Libre Belgique du 31 janvier dernier. Les autorit\u00e9s danoises ont refus\u00e9 d’entrer en mati\u00e8re dans cette affaire en \u00e9voquant la sacro-sainte libert\u00e9 d’expression. Les millions d’Arabes et de musulmans, en d\u00e9ficit chronique de libert\u00e9, ne peuvent \u00eatre insensibles \u00e0 cet argument. Seulement ils constatent que ce principe, brandi \u00e0 chaque fois que l’on publie des propos ou repr\u00e9sentations qu’ils jugent blasph\u00e9matoires envers leur religion, est occult\u00e9 en d’autres occasions.<\/p>\n

Les Alg\u00e9riens, par exemple, se souviennent comment en 1995 au m\u00eame moment o\u00f9 les plus hautes autorit\u00e9s de l’Etat fran\u00e7ais recevaient en grandes pompes Salman Rushdie, l’honorant pour ses \u00ab Versets sataniques \u00bb, le ministre de l’Int\u00e9rieur fran\u00e7ais de l’\u00e9poque interdisait un recueil de t\u00e9moignages de tortures pratiqu\u00e9es par le r\u00e9gime militaire alg\u00e9rien, sous pr\u00e9texte qu’ \u00ab en raison de l’appel \u00e0 la haine qu’il contient, sa diffusion est susceptible d’avoir des incidences sur l’ordre public. \u00bb Par ailleurs, les citoyens du monde musulman observent \u00e0 quel point la loi et les m\u00e9dias occidentaux sont s\u00e9v\u00e8res \u00e0 l’encontre de la jud\u00e9ophobie, notamment lorsqu’il s’agit de n\u00e9gationnisme ou m\u00eame de r\u00e9visionnisme, et \u00e0 quel point ils sont laxistes \u00e0 l’encontre de l’islamophobie.<\/p>\n

Le secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de la Ligue arabe, Amr Moussa, a jug\u00e9 que la presse europ\u00e9enne \u00ab observe deux poids et deux mesures \u00bb car elle \u00ab craint d’\u00eatre accus\u00e9e d’antis\u00e9mitisme, mais invoque la libert\u00e9 d’expression lorsqu’elle caricature l’islam \u00bb. A une \u00e9poque caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par l’exacerbation des tensions entre communaut\u00e9s, o\u00f9 des millions de musulmans se sentent humili\u00e9s \u00e0 la vue des images d’Abu Ghraib et de Guantanamo, une publication comme \u00ab Les visages de Mahomet \u00bb vient accro\u00eetre la violence symbolique ressentie dans le monde musulman et risquerait de jeter des pans entiers des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s musulmanes dans la contre violence anti-occidentale.<\/p>\n

On se demande s’il est opportun de publier ce genre de produit dans le simple but de \u00ab tester l’autocensure et la limite de la libert\u00e9 d’expression \u00bb, comme l’ont avanc\u00e9 certains pour justifier la publication de Jyllands-Posten , au risque de susciter encore plus de haine et d’inciter \u00e0 encore plus de violence dans un monde que d’aucuns, de tous bords, voudraient plonger dans l’Apocalypse.<\/p>\n

Il est peut-\u00eatre temps de r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir s\u00e9rieusement au principe de libert\u00e9 d’expression, \u00e0 son caract\u00e8re absolu ou relatif, \u00e0 son application universelle ou s\u00e9lective, \u00e9ventuellement \u00e0 ses limites, et surtout de s’interroger sur le r\u00f4le et la responsabilit\u00e9 du journalisme dans la promotion de la paix dans le monde.<\/p>\n

Abbas Aroua
\nDirecteur de la Fondation Cordoue
\nArticle paru dans Le Temps du 3 f\u00e9vrier 2006<\/p>\n

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Bez\u00fcglich der \u00ab\u00a0Gesichter Mohammeds\u00a0\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n

Wer h\u00e4tte gedacht, dass man es eines Tages schaffen w\u00fcrde einerseits die arabische Innenminister-Konferenz, Verwalter der Folterindustrie \u2013 aus eigener Initiative oder unter Mandat – und andererseits die Massen der arabischen B\u00fcrger, Opfer dieser Polizeiregime zu vereinigen? Nun ist es passiert! Dank der zw\u00f6lf satirischen Karikaturen, \u00ab\u00a0Die Gesichter Mohammeds\u00a0\u00bb die am 30. September 2005 in der d\u00e4nischen Tageszeitung Jyllands-Posten ver\u00f6ffentlicht und seitdem in anderen Medien ,wie die norwegische Zeitung Magazinet, dem franz\u00f6sischen Boulevardblatt France Soir und in den Tageszeitungen Die Welt in Deutschland, La Stampa in Italien und El Periodico in Spanien nachgedruckt wurden. W\u00e4hrend die Obersten arabischen Polizeibeamten am Ende ihrer Versammlung vom 31. Januar in Tunis die d\u00e4nische Regierung aufgefordert haben die Autoren der Karikaturen ,die als blasphemisch gegen den Propheten beurteilt wurden \u00ab\u00a0heftig zu sanktionieren\u00a0\u00bb, nehmen die Demonstrationen in den arabischen und muslimischen Hauptst\u00e4dten zu, d\u00e4nische Flaggen und Photos des Premierminister Anders Fogh Rasmussen werden verbrannt.<\/p>\n

Die Boykottkampagne der d\u00e4nischen Produkte erweitert und verst\u00e4rkt sich in der muslimischen Welt. Sie wird gewissenhaft sowohl von dem Gl\u00e4ubigen, der auf seine Arla-Milch als auch von dem Profanen, der auf sein Carlsberg Bier verzichtet, gefolgt. Nestl\u00e9, das in diese Angelegenheit verwickelt war, musste eine Reklamebeilage betreffs des Nido-Milchpulvers auf der ersten Seite der Tageszeitung Asharq al Awsat ver\u00f6ffentlichen, worin Nestl\u00e9 klarstellte dass \u00abes weder ein Produkt in D\u00e4nemark ist noch aus D\u00e4nemark importiert wird.\u00bb<\/p>\n

Woher stammt denn diese vermittelnde F\u00e4higkeit, die in der muslimischen Welt hohe Funktion\u00e4re und einfache B\u00fcrger, Shiite, Salafi und Muslimbruder, T\u00fcrke, Perser und Araber, zwischenstaatliche Organisation und NGO verbinden konnte?<\/p>\n

Es kam deshalb weil man die Pers\u00f6nlichkeit des Propheten angegriffen hat, den ein Muslim mehr lieben soll als seine eigene Person. Man hat dieses Symbol angegriffen nicht weil seine Darstellung unerlaubt sei – dieses Verbot kann nicht f\u00fcr Nichtmuslime anwendbar sein-sondern wegen dem Ideengehalt der Karikaturen – wie jene die den Propheten mit einem Turban in Form einer Bombe bedeckt zeigt – der in einigen Skizzen kurz s\u00e4mtliche Klischees zusammenfasst, die gegen die islamische Religion im Westen vermittelt werden: Terrorismus, Frauenhass, Obskurantismus, Fanatismus usw. und ins besonders \u00ab\u00a0in einem K\u00f6nigreich [von D\u00e4nemark], wo die muslimische Religion von einigen Politikern im Parlament als \u00ab\u00a0terroristische Religion\u00a0\u00bb oder als \u00ab\u00a0Religion des Mittelalters\u00a0\u00bb bezeichnet wird, wie es La Libre Belgique vom 31. Januar unterstrich.<\/p>\n

Die d\u00e4nischen Beh\u00f6rden haben es abgelehnt in dieser Angelegenheit zur Sache zu kommen, indem sie das \u201cheilige\u201d Recht auf Meinungsfreiheit erw\u00e4hnt haben. Die Millionen von Arabern und von Muslimen, die in einem chronischen Defizit der Freiheit leben, k\u00f6nnen vor diesem Argument nicht unempfindlich bleiben. Lediglich stellen sie fest das dieser Grundsatz, mit dem jedes Mal gedroht wird wenn man \u00c4usserungen oder Darstellungen ver\u00f6ffentlicht die als blasphemisch f\u00fcr ihre Religion beurteilt werden, er in anderen Gelegenheiten kaschiert wird.<\/p>\n

Die Algerier, zum Beispiel erinnern sich wie im Jahre 1995, zum gleichen Zeitpunkt wo die h\u00f6chsten Beh\u00f6rden des franz\u00f6sischen Staats mit grossem Prunk Salman Rushdie empfingen und ihn f\u00fcr seine \u00ab\u00a0satanischen Verse\u00a0\u00bb beehrten, der damalige franz\u00f6sische Innenminister eine Zusammenstellung von Zeugenaussagen \u00fcber die vom algerischen Milit\u00e4rregime angewendete Folter, mit dem Vorwand verboten hat, dass \u00abin Anbetracht des Hassaufrufs die diese Aussagen enthalten, ihre Verbreitung Auswirkungen auf die \u00f6ffentliche Ordnung haben kann\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Ausserdem beobachten die B\u00fcrger der muslimischen Welt inwieweit das Gesetz und die westlichen Medien in Bezug zur Judeophobie sehr streng sind ins besonders wenn es sich um Negationismus oder sogar um Revisionismus handelt und inwiefern sie im Gegensatz in Bezug auf Islamophobie lasch reagieren. Der Generalsekret\u00e4r der Arabischen Liga, Amr Moussa, ist der Ansicht dass die europ\u00e4ische Presse \u00ab\u00a0mit zweierlei Mass misst\u00a0\u00bb, denn sie \u00ab\u00a0bef\u00fcrchtet wegen Antisemitismus angezeigt zu werden, aber beruft sich auf die Meinungsfreiheit wenn sie den Islam ins L\u00e4cherliche zieht\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

In einem Zeitalter das durch Versch\u00e4rfung der Spannungen zwischen den Gemeinschaften charakterisiert ist, wo Millionen Muslime sich beim Anblick der Bilder von Abu Ghraib und von Guantanamo erniedrigt f\u00fchlen, wird eine Ver\u00f6ffentlichung wie \u00ab\u00a0Die Gesichter Mohammeds\u00a0\u00bb die symbolische Gewalt die in der muslimischen Welt versp\u00fcrt wird steigern und k\u00f6nnte ganze Teile der muslimischen Gesellschaften in anti-westliche Gewaltt\u00e4tigkeiten st\u00fcrzen.<\/p>\n

Man fragt sich ob es opportun ist diese Art von Erzeugnis zu ver\u00f6ffentlichen, mit dem simplen Ziel \u00ab\u00a0die Selbstzensur und die Grenze der Meinungsfreiheit zu testen\u00a0\u00bb, wie es gewisse Leute ausgelegt haben um die Ver\u00f6ffentlichung der Jyllands-Posten zu rechtfertigen, mit dem Risiko noch mehr Hass anzustacheln und zu noch mehr Gewalt in einer Welt anzuspornen, die einige, von verschiedenen Anschauungen, gezielt in die Apocalypse st\u00fcrzen m\u00f6chten.<\/p>\n

Es ist vielleicht Zeit ernsthaft \u00fcber das Prinzip der Meinungsfreiheit, seinen absoluten oder relativen Charakter, seine universelle oder selektive Anwendung und eventuell \u00fcber seine Grenzen nachzudenken und sich besonders \u00fcber die Rolle und die Verantwortung des Journalismus in der F\u00f6rderung des Weltfriedens zu befragen.<\/p>\n

Abbas Aroua
\n1. Februar 2006<\/p>\n

\u00dcbersetzung aus dem Franz\u00f6sischen von: Monica Hostettler<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Acerca de los \u00ab Rostros de Mahoma \u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00bfQui\u00e9n se habri\u00e1 imaginado que se lograr\u00eda un d\u00eda federar por una parte la conferencia de los ministros \u00e1rabes en ejercicio, administradores de la industria de la tortura – por iniciativa propia o bajo mandato – y por otra parte las masas de los ciuddanos \u00e1rabes v\u00edctimas de los reg\u00edmenes policiacos, dentro de su pa\u00eds u obligados a residir fuera?  \u00a1Pues ya est\u00e1! Y se lo debemos a la colecci\u00f3n de doce caricaturas sat\u00edricas , \u201cLos rostros de Mahoma\u201d, publicadas el 30 de septiembre de 2006 por el diario dan\u00e9s Jyllands-Posten y reproducido desde entocnes en otros medios como el diario noruego Magazinet, el diario franc\u00e9s France-Soir y los diarios Die Welt de Alemania, La Stampa de Italia, y El Peri\u00f3dico en Espa\u00f1a. Para concluir su reuni\u00f3n del 32 de enero en T\u00fanez, los primer ministros \u00e1rabes le han pedido al gobierno dan\u00e9s una \u201csanci\u00f3n firme\u201d en contra de los autores de las caricaturas consideradas blasfematorias contra el profeta; y se multiplican las manifestaciones en las capitales \u00e1rabes y musulmanas, con quema de banderas danesas y fotos del primer ministro Anders Fogh Rasmussen.<\/p>\n

La campa\u00f1a de bycot de los productos daneses se ensancha y afianza en el mundo musulm\u00e1n. La cumplen tanto el religioso que renuncia a su leche marca Arla como el profano que deja la cerveza Carlsberg. Nestl\u00e9, al encontrarse complicada en el asunto, pag\u00f3 un espacio publicitario en primera p\u00e1gina del diario Asharg al-Awsat, acerca de la leche en polvo Nido, para aclarar que \u201cno se produce en Dinamarca, ni se importa de Dinamarca\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u00bfCu\u00e1l es, pues, este poder ferderador que ha sido capaz de unir en el mundo musulm\u00e1n desde el alto responsable hasta el simple ciudadano, chi\u00ed, salfista y hermano musulm\u00e1n, turco, persa y \u00e1rabe, organizaciones intergubernamentales y ONGs?<\/p>\n

Es que se ha afectado a la persona del Profeta, al cual un musulm\u00e1n debe amar m\u00e1s que a s\u00ed mismo. El s\u00edmbolo se encuentra afectado no porque su representaci\u00f3n sea il\u00edcita – esta prohibici\u00f3n no se puede aplicar a los no musulmanes – sino a causa del contenido de las caricaturas que resume en pocos trazos – como aqu\u00e9l que representa al Profeta con un turbante en forma de bomba – ese conjunto de lugares comunes estampados para rebajar a la religi\u00f3n isl\u00e1mica : terrorismo, misoginia, oscurantismo, fanatismo etc, en Occidente, y especialmente en un \u201creino [de Dinamarca] donde la religi\u00f3n musulmana suele ser calificada como religi\u00f3n terrorista\u201d o \u201creligi\u00f3n de la Edad Media\u201d por algunos pol\u00edticos parlamentarios, como lo subrayaba La Libre Belgique el 31 de enero pasado.<\/p>\n

Las autoridades danesas se han negado a meterse en el asunto, invocando la sagrada libertad de expresi\u00f3n. Los millones de \u00e1rabes y musulmanes, que extra\u00f1an de modo cr\u00f3nico la falta de libertad, son sensibles a este argumento. Pero observan que este principio, esgrimido cada vez que se publican comentarios o representaciones que ellos consideran blasfematorios contra su religi\u00f3n, ya no vale en otras ocasiones. Los argelinos recuerdan, por ejemplo, c\u00f3mo en 1995, en el momento en que las m\u00e1s altas autoridades del Estado franc\u00e9s recib\u00edan a bombo y platillo  a Salman Rushdie y le celebraban por sus Vers\u00edculos sat\u00e1nicos, el ministro del interior franc\u00e9s de aquella \u00e9poca prohib\u00eda una colecci\u00f3n de testimonios sobre torturas practicadas por el r\u00e9gimen militar argelino, con el pretexto de que \u201ccon movtivo del llamamiento al odio que contiene, su difusi\u00f3n podr\u00eda tener incidencias negativas sobre el ordern p\u00fablico.\u201d Por otra parte, los ciudadanos del mundo musulm\u00e1n observan hasta qu\u00e9 punto la ley y los medios occidentales se muestran rigurosos contra la judeofobia, especialmente cuando se trata de negacionismo o del menor revisionismo, y hasta qu\u00e9 punto son laxistas cuando se trata de islamofobia [1]. El secretario de la Liga \u00e1rabe, Amr Muza, ha opinado que la prensa europea \u201cobserva dos criterios diferentes\u201d, pues teme ser acusada de antisemitismo, pero \u201cinvoca la libertad de expresi\u00f3n cuando caricatura el islam\u201d.<\/p>\n

En una \u00e9poca caracterizada por la exacerbaci\u00f3n de las tensiones entre comunidades, cuando millones de musulmanes se sienten humillados con la difusi\u00f3n de las im\u00e1genes de Abu Graib y de Guant\u00e1namo, una publicaci\u00f3n como \u201cLos rostros de Mahoma\u201d viene a incrementar la violencia simb\u00f3lica que afecta al mundo musulm\u00e1n y puede volcar a sectores enteros de las sociedades musulmanas en la violencia anti-occidental.<\/p>\n

Uno se pregunta si es oportuno publicar este tipo de producto con la simple finalidad de \u201cponer a prueba la autocensura y el l\u00edmite de la libertad de expresi\u00f3n\u201d, como han propuesto algunos para justificar la publicaci\u00f3n de Jyllands-Posten, con el riesgo de suscitar un odio mayor y una violencia ampliada en un mundo del cual parecer\u00eda que se le quiere precipitar al Apocalipsis, con el aplauso de gente de las m\u00e1s diversas opiniones. Tal vez sea \u00e9ste el momento de reflexionar seriamente sobre el principio de la libertd de expresi\u00f3n, su car\u00e1cter absoluto o relativo, su aplicaci\u00f3n universal o selectiva, y tambi\u00e9n sus l\u00edmites, y cuestionar el papel y la responsabilidad del periodismo en la promoci\u00f3n de la paz en el mundo.<\/p>\n

Por el Dr. Abbas Aroua, Instituto Hoggar [2]
\n1 de febrero 2006<\/p>\n

Traduccion del franc\u00e9s : Maria Poumier, miembro de transtlaxcala, grupo de traductores para la diversidad ling\u00fcistica ( transtlaxcala@yahoo.com<\/a>) , y de www.rebelion.org.<\/p>\n

[1] (ndt.) La asociaci\u00f3n francesa COFFAD que agrupa a Africanos y Descendientes de Africanos se\u00f1ala que en realidad hay un tipo de expresi\u00f3n m\u00e1s castigado que cualquier otro, en los medios franceses : el sentimiento cr\u00edtico de los negros. S\u00f3lo as\u00ed se exlica el linchamiento medi\u00e1tico padecido por el c\u00f3mico mulato franc\u00e9s Dieudonn\u00e9 desde hace dos a\u00f1os, a ra\u00edz de una broma sobre los fan\u00e1ticos colonos israel\u00edes. Veinte veces se le ha llevado a los tribunales por esto, ha padecido un atentado, siendo acorralado por cuatro ciudadanos israel\u00edes etc. A pesar de que la justicia concluye cada vez que no ha cometido ningun delito antisemita, el boycot medi\u00e1tico se mantiene, impert\u00e9rrito. Dieudonn\u00e9 suele hacer muchos chistes sobre \u00e1raes y musulmanes, pero estos se r\u00eden de buena gana con \u00e9l, es epecialmente popular en los suburbios con fuerte poblaci\u00f3n magreb\u00ed.<\/p>\n

[2] (ndt.) el Instituto Hoggar, dedcado a la investigaci\u00f3n sobre el \u00e1rea magreb\u00ed ha publicado Livre blanc sur la r\u00e9pression en Alg\u00e9rie (1991-1995), y Quelle r\u00e9conciliation pour l\u2019Alg\u00e9rie.<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

\n

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\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0628 \u0648\u062f\u0628. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0645\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629<\/span>
\n1 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2006<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Qui aurait pens\u00e9 qu’on arriverait un jour \u00e0 f\u00e9d\u00e9rer, d’une part, la conf\u00e9rence des ministres arabes de l’Int\u00e9rieur, gestionnaires de l’industrie de la torture \u2013 de leur propre initiative ou sous mandat \u2013, et, d’autre part, les masses des citoyens arabes victimes des r\u00e9gimes policiers ? Eh bien c’est fait ! Gr\u00e2ce au recueil des […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5699,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-208","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-contributions"],"yoast_head":"\nA propos des \u00abVisages de Mahomet\u00bb | Bez\u00fcglich der \u00abGesichter Mohammeds\u00bb | Acerca de los \u00abRostros de Mahoma\u00bb | \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645 - Cordoba Peace Institute | Fran\u00e7ais<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/a-propos-des-visages-de-mahomet-bezuglich-der-gesichter-mohammeds-acerca-de-los-rostros-de-mahoma-\u062d\u064a\u0646-\u062a\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f-\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629\/\" \/>\n<link rel=\"next\" href=\"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/a-propos-des-visages-de-mahomet-bezuglich-der-gesichter-mohammeds-acerca-de-los-rostros-de-mahoma-%d8%ad%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a9\/2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A propos des \u00abVisages de Mahomet\u00bb | Bez\u00fcglich der \u00abGesichter Mohammeds\u00bb | Acerca de los \u00abRostros de Mahoma\u00bb | \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645 - Cordoba Peace Institute | Fran\u00e7ais\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Qui aurait pens\u00e9 qu’on arriverait un jour \u00e0 f\u00e9d\u00e9rer, d’une part, la conf\u00e9rence des ministres arabes de l’Int\u00e9rieur, gestionnaires de l’industrie de la torture \u2013 de leur propre initiative ou sous mandat \u2013, et, d’autre part, les masses des citoyens arabes victimes des r\u00e9gimes policiers ? Eh bien c’est fait ! 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Eh bien c’est fait ! Gr\u00e2ce au recueil des […]","og_url":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/a-propos-des-visages-de-mahomet-bezuglich-der-gesichter-mohammeds-acerca-de-los-rostros-de-mahoma-\u062d\u064a\u0646-\u062a\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f-\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629\/","og_site_name":"Cordoba Peace Institute | Fran\u00e7ais","article_published_time":"2006-02-03T19:40:13+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-05-30T12:04:45+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1920,"height":600,"url":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/05\/cpi_gold-1.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"C\u00f2rdoba Geneva","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"C\u00f2rdoba Geneva","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"14 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/a-propos-des-visages-de-mahomet-bezuglich-der-gesichter-mohammeds-acerca-de-los-rostros-de-mahoma-%d8%ad%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a9\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/a-propos-des-visages-de-mahomet-bezuglich-der-gesichter-mohammeds-acerca-de-los-rostros-de-mahoma-%d8%ad%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a9\/"},"author":{"name":"C\u00f2rdoba Geneva","@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/0a76d9365b1b8c6b5265567c49ee79df"},"headline":"A propos des \u00abVisages de Mahomet\u00bb | Bez\u00fcglich der \u00abGesichter Mohammeds\u00bb | Acerca de los \u00abRostros de Mahoma\u00bb | \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645","datePublished":"2006-02-03T19:40:13+00:00","dateModified":"2023-05-30T12:04:45+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/a-propos-des-visages-de-mahomet-bezuglich-der-gesichter-mohammeds-acerca-de-los-rostros-de-mahoma-%d8%ad%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a9\/"},"wordCount":2879,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/a-propos-des-visages-de-mahomet-bezuglich-der-gesichter-mohammeds-acerca-de-los-rostros-de-mahoma-%d8%ad%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a9\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/05\/cpi_gold-1.png","articleSection":["Contributions"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/a-propos-des-visages-de-mahomet-bezuglich-der-gesichter-mohammeds-acerca-de-los-rostros-de-mahoma-%d8%ad%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a9\/","url":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/fr\/a-propos-des-visages-de-mahomet-bezuglich-der-gesichter-mohammeds-acerca-de-los-rostros-de-mahoma-%d8%ad%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a9\/","name":"A propos des \u00abVisages de Mahomet\u00bb | Bez\u00fcglich der \u00abGesichter Mohammeds\u00bb | Acerca de los \u00abRostros de Mahoma\u00bb | \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645 - 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