{"id":7898,"date":"2017-10-13T14:37:22","date_gmt":"2017-10-13T13:37:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/?p=7898"},"modified":"2026-11-09T10:48:59","modified_gmt":"2026-11-09T10:48:59","slug":"engaging-iraqi-tribal-actors-consolidating-peace-ar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/engaging-iraqi-tribal-actors-consolidating-peace-ar\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

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(*) \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627<\/strong>\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f<\/strong> (catherine.germond@cordoue.ch<\/a>)<\/em>
_________________________<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>1<\/sup> Al-Musawi, N.A. (23 June 2015)
\u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629\u201d
(The Legal Position on Negative Tribal Customs). Iraq High Court. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: iraqja.iq<\/span><\/span> (\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629)<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>2<\/sup> Bassem, W. (30 October 2015) \u201cWhen Conflict Arises, These Iraqis Go to the Madeef.\u201d Al Monitor. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: Al-Monitor<\/span><\/span> (\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629)<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>3<\/sup> Carroll, K.B. (2011) \u201cTribal Law and Reconciliation in the New Iraq,\u201d The Middle East Journal, 65(1). 21-22. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: muse.jhu.edu<\/span><\/span> (\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629)<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>4<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n

<\/a>5<\/sup> \u201cIraq: Mahmoudiya Tribal Reconciliation Initiative.\u201d (14 November 2007) United States Institute of Peace. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: United States Institute of Peace<\/span><\/span> (\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629)<\/span><\/a> \u00b7 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>6<\/sup> \u201cMahmoudiya: Cornerstone for Peace and National Accord.\u201d (2007) United States Institute of Peace. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: usip.org<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>7<\/sup> \u201cIn Iraq\u2019s Former \u2018Triangle of Death,\u2019 a Decade of Stability. An Anniversary of Reconciliation in Mahmoudiya Shows How Peace Is Possible.\u201d (9 August 2017) United States Institute of Peace. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: United States Institute of Peace<\/span><\/span> (\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629)<\/span><\/a> \u00b7 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641\u0629<\/span>
Lindborg, N. (27 June 2017) \u201cTo Stabilize Iraq After ISIS, Try a Method That Worked.\u201d United States Institute of Peace. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: usip.org<\/span><\/span> (\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629)<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>8<\/sup> Gienger, V. (16 July 2015) \u201cIn the Shadow of a Massacre, a Peaceful Return in Iraq: USIP Partners Ease Tensions Over 2014 Slaughter by Islamic State.\u201d United States Institute of Peace. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: usip.org<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>9<\/sup> \u201cSpeicher Conflict Intervention.\u201d Sanad for Peacebuilding. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: TeePublic<\/span><\/span> (\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629)<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>10<\/sup> \u201cPress Release: The Press Conference for Albu Ajeel and Albu Nassir tribal leaders regarding Speicher Base Massacre.\u201d (28 April 2015) Sanad for Peacebuilding. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: TeePublic<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>11<\/sup> Gienger, V. (16 July 2015) \u201cIn the Shadow of a Massacre, a Peaceful Return in Iraq: USIP Partners Ease Tensions Over 2014 Slaughter by Islamic State.\u201d United States Institute of Peace. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: usip.org<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>12<\/sup> \u201c400 Internally Displaced Families Return Home to Tikrit City \u2013 Salahaddin Province in Iraq.\u201d (23 June 2015) Sanad for Peacebuilding. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: TeePublic<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>13<\/sup> Gienger, V. (16 July 2015) \u201cIn the Shadow of a Massacre, a Peaceful Return in Iraq: USIP Partners Ease Tensions Over 2014 Slaughter by Islamic State.\u201d United States Institute of Peace. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: usip.org<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>14<\/sup> Strasser, F. (13 February 2017a) \u201cHow to Foster Peace in Iraq After ISIS: As Extremists\u2019 Power Wanes, Tribal Leaders in Hawija Accept \u2018Official Justice.\u201d United States Institute of Peace. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: United States Institute of Peace<\/span><\/span> (\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629)<\/span><\/a> \u00b7 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641\u0629<\/span>
Strasser, F. (22 June 2017b) \u201cIraqi Tribes Sharpen Legal Tools to Root Out ISIS in Unprecedented Step, Sheikhs Amend Tribal Law to Use Courts, Police.\u201d United States Institute of Peace. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: usip.org<\/span><\/span> (\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629)<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>15<\/sup> \u201cPress Release: Announcement of the agreed Peaceful Coexistence Principles between the tribes of Southwest Kirkuk.\u201d (15 January 2017) Sanad for Peacebuilding. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: sanad-iq.org<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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