{"id":594,"date":"2016-11-29T18:32:12","date_gmt":"2016-11-29T18:32:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/2016\/11\/29\/the-cordoba-update-20-2016\/"},"modified":"2023-04-27T16:14:32","modified_gmt":"2023-04-27T15:14:32","slug":"the-cordoba-update-20-2016","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-20-2016\/","title":{"rendered":"The Cordoba Update 20\/2016"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- {lofimg src=\"\/images\/stories\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg\"} --><\/p>\n<div><strong>9<sup>th<\/sup> &#8211; 28<sup>th<\/sup> November 2016<br \/><\/strong><\/div>\n<div>Cordoba Foundation of Geneva<em><br \/><\/em><\/div>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<style scoped=\"scoped\" type=\"text\/css\"><!--\ntd {\n\t\t\tbackground: #f5f4ef none repeat scroll 0 0;\n\t\t\tvertical-align: top;\n\t\t\tpadding: 6px 12px;\n\t\t}\n\t\ttd.cuintro {\n\t\t\tbackground: #F7FAFE none repeat scroll 0 0;\n\t\t}\n\t\tul {\n\t\t\tmargin: 0 0.5em 0 1em;\n\t\t\tpadding: 0;\n\t\t}\n\t\tli {\n\t\t\tmargin-bottom: 0;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 9px;\n\t\t\ttext-align: left;\n\t\t}\n--><\/style>\n<div>\n<table border=\"0\" style=\"width: 100%;\" cellspacing=\"4\" cellpadding=\"4\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"cuintro\">\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">The bi-weekly CORDOBA UPDATE is the product of continuous monitoring work, carried out by the Cordoba Foundation of Geneva team. By analysing and reporting on key events and trends in the Foundation&rsquo;s areas of interest, we aim to draw readers&rsquo; attention to pertinent developments in North Africa, the Sahel, West Asia and Europe, which are not always covered in &lsquo;mainstream&rsquo; media.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">In addition to sharing news from these four regions, the Cordoba Update is an opportunity for the Foundation to provide regular updates on its publications, events and other developments.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">In line with the programmes and projects funded by partners of the Cordoba Foundation of Geneva, updates and information are included under the following themes:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Islamist-Secular relations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Transition and Political participation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Relations between communities of different ethnic, cultural and religious affiliations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Violent extremism and the war on terror;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">The Cordoba Foundation of Geneva in the media;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">General information.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">For questions and\/or feedback regarding the content and form of the Cordoba Update, please contact Sarah Franck: <a href=\"mailto:sarah.franck@cordoue.ch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sarah.franck@cordoue.ch<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<hr style=\"border-top: 1px solid #cccccc; border-bottom: none; width: 50%; margin: auto;\" \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Le CORDOBA UPDATE est un bimensuel qui pr&eacute;sente le travail continu de suivi r&eacute;alis&eacute; par l&#8217;&eacute;quipe de la Fondation Cordoue de Gen&egrave;ve. Par l&rsquo;analyse des &eacute;v&eacute;nements et tendances qui concernent les domaines d&#8217;int&eacute;r&ecirc;t de la Fondation, nous visons &agrave; attirer l&#8217;attention de nos lecteurs sur les d&eacute;veloppements pertinents en Afrique du Nord, dans le Sahel, en Asie de l&rsquo;Ouest et en Europe, une actualit&eacute; qui n&rsquo;est pas toujours couverte dans les m&eacute;dias dits &lsquo;traditionnels&rsquo;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Outre le partage de l&rsquo;actualit&eacute; de ces quatre r&eacute;gions, le &laquo; Cordoba Update &raquo; est un moyen pour la Fondation de fournir des mises &agrave; jour r&eacute;guli&egrave;res sur ses publications, &eacute;v&eacute;nements et autres d&eacute;veloppements.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">En accord avec les programmes et projets financ&eacute;s par les partenaires de la Fondation Cordoue de Gen&egrave;ve, les mises &agrave; jour et informations concernent les th&egrave;mes suivants :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Relations islamistes-s&eacute;culiers ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Transition et participation politique ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Relations entre communaut&eacute;s de diff&eacute;rentes affiliations ethniques, culturelles et religieuses ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">L&#8217;extr&eacute;misme violent et la guerre contre le terrorisme ;<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">La Fondation Cordoue de Gen&egrave;ve dans les m&eacute;dias ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Information g&eacute;n&eacute;rale.<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Pour des questions et \/ ou des commentaires concernant le contenu et la forme du Cordoba Update, veuillez contacter Sarah Franck : <a href=\"mailto:sarah.franck@cordoue.ch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sarah.franck@cordoue.ch<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>EVENTS \/ EVENEMENTS<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>CFG&#8217;s event, 22-24.11.2016: Middle East Platform II, November 22-24, Montreux, Switzerland<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Cordoba Foundation of Geneva, in partnership with the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs, held its second Middle East Platform last week from November 22 to 24 in Montreux, Switzerland. This Platform gathered civil society activists, academics and journalists with different confessional backgrounds and religious references from Bahrain, Iraq, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia and Yemen under the title of &#8220;Promoting social cohesion and interaction through the notion of citizenship&#8221; and with the aim of addressing sectarian tensions. The meeting was the opportunity for intense and fruitful exchanges among participants. It resulted in a general agreement to study the reality of religious and sectarian media and to investigate how &#8220;hate-speech&#8221; can be monitored and countered. Furthermore, specific practical projects to promote social cohesion in each of the countries represented were discussed and the participants agreed on the necessity to promote communication and interaction among people with different confessional backgrounds and religious references at a national and a regional level.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for further information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/assafir.com\/Article\/8\/518741\/AuthorArticle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/assafir.com\/Article\/8\/518741\/AuthorArticle<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/assafir.com\/Article\/517973\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/assafir.com\/Article\/517973<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/arabi21.com\/story\/962400\/%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A-%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%81-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%87%D9%84-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%84-%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B0%D9%87%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/arabi21.com\/story\/962400\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>ISLAMIST-SECULAR RELATIONS \/ RELATIONS ENTRE S&Eacute;CULIERS ET ISLAMISTES<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mauritanie, 23.11.16 : La rue se mobilise pour la &laquo; d&eacute;capitation &raquo; d&#8217;un pr&eacute;sum&eacute; &laquo; apostat &raquo;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;affaire du jeune blogueur Mohamed Cheikh Ould M&#8217;Kheitir, 33 ans, d&eacute;tenu depuis fin 2014 pour avoir &eacute;crit un article jug&eacute; &laquo; blasph&eacute;matoire &raquo; sur la question des castes dans l&#8217;Islam a r&eacute;cemment ressurgit. Condamn&eacute; &agrave; mort en d&eacute;cembre 2015 en premi&egrave;re instance, puis en appel, son cas devait &ecirc;tre tranch&eacute;, en dernier ressort, par la Cour supr&ecirc;me, la plus haute instance judiciaire du pays.<\/p>\n<p>Dans l&#8217;attente de la d&eacute;cision de la Cour supr&ecirc;me sur la repentance de Mohamed Cheikh Ould M&#8217;Kheitir le 20 d&eacute;cembre prochain, des religieux mauritaniens multiplient les demandes d&#8217;ex&eacute;cution du blogueur et ce &#8220;m&ecirc;me en cas de repentance&#8221;. En pr&eacute;lude &agrave; cette r&eacute;ouverture du dossier, plusieurs associations religieuses et sociales, ainsi que des intellectuels &laquo; conservateurs &raquo; ont mobilis&eacute; la rue pour exiger une d&eacute;cision ferme de la Cour pour confirmer la peine de mort et ordonner son ex&eacute;cution imm&eacute;diate.<\/p>\n<p>Deux personnalit&eacute;s religieuses de renom, le Cheikh Mohamed Ould Sidi Yahya, &eacute;cout&eacute; dans les milieux populaires, notamment haratines, et Cheikh Mohamed El Hassen Ould Deddew, l&#8217;une des r&eacute;f&eacute;rences religieuses les plus en vue dans le pays et leader dans la mouvance politique de Tawassoul (Fr&egrave;res musulmans), ont &eacute;mis des Fatwas dans le m&ecirc;me sens.<\/p>\n<p>Les rares voix qui s&#8217;&eacute;taient &eacute;lev&eacute;es pour demander le respect des normes juridiques et des proc&eacute;dures l&eacute;gales dans cette affaire ont &eacute;t&eacute; vite &eacute;touff&eacute;es. Un c&eacute;l&eacute;brissime avocat, ancien ministre, a m&ecirc;me failli &ecirc;tre lynch&eacute; publiquement pour avoir d&eacute;cid&eacute; de d&eacute;fendre le jeune blogueur, qui se trouve aujourd&#8217;hui seul face &agrave; son sort.<\/p>\n<p>Evitant le sujet, les officiels semblent &ecirc;tre face &agrave; un dilemme : r&eacute;pondre &agrave; l&#8217;appel de la rue ou accepter les sollicitations internationales exigeant la relax du jeune blogueur qui n&#8217;aurait fait, selon eux, qu&#8217; &laquo; exprim&eacute; un avis &raquo;.<\/p>\n<p>Le code p&eacute;nal mauritanien stipule: &laquo; Tout musulman coupable du crime d&#8217;apostasie (&#8230;) sera puni de la peine de mort (&#8230;) S&#8217;il se repent avant l&#8217;ex&eacute;cution de cette sentence, le parquet saisira la Cour supr&ecirc;me, &agrave; l&#8217;effet de sa r&eacute;habilitation dans tous ses droits, sans pr&eacute;judice d&#8217;une peine correctionnelle de trois mois &agrave; deux ans d&#8217;emprisonnement et d&#8217;une amende de 5.000 &agrave; 60.000 UM&raquo;. Ma&icirc;tre Farimata M&#8217;Baye, avocate de la d&eacute;fense de Mohamed Cheikh Ould M&#8217;Kheitir, a confi&eacute; que son client &laquo; s&#8217;est repenti par &eacute;crit et devant le juge &raquo;.<\/p>\n<p>Tr&egrave;s influent, le clerg&eacute; religieux mauritanien p&egrave;se de tout son poids sur toutes les grandes questions d&#8217;ordre social et religieux. Ainsi, le pr&eacute;sident de l&#8217;Initiative de r&eacute;surgence du mouvement abolitionniste en Mauritanie (IRA Mauritanie), Biram Ould Dah Ould Abeid, ne cesse de d&eacute;noncer la &laquo; l&eacute;gitimation de l&#8217;esclavage en Mauritanie au nom d&#8217;un Islam model&eacute; par les &eacute;rudits locaux &raquo;.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&#8217;informations:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691493\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691493<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691418\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691418<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691468\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691468<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.noorinfo.com\/Reflexe-maraboutique-le-batonnier-de-l-ordre-national-des-zouayas-tourne-le-dos-a-l-avocat-de-Ould-Mkheitir_a18320.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.noorinfo.com\/Reflexe-maraboutique<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.noorinfo.com\/Affaire-Mkheitir-Maitre-Ould-Moine-anesthesie-un-redoutable-Mollah-en-direct_a18319.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.noorinfo.com\/Affaire-Mkheitir<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>TRANSITION AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION \/ TRANSITION ET PARTICIPATION POLITIQUE<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mauritanie, 26.11.16 : Flou autour du troisi&egrave;me mandat malgr&eacute; les d&eacute;clarations publiques du Pr&eacute;sident Ould Abdel Aziz contre l&#8217;option<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Malgr&eacute; ses d&eacute;clarations publiques dans lesquelles il dit n&#8217;avoir jamais pens&eacute; &agrave; briguer un troisi&egrave;me mandat, le Pr&eacute;sident Ould Abdel Aziz semble d&eacute;router ses concitoyens, l&#8217;opposition en t&ecirc;te.<\/p>\n<p>Deux mois apr&egrave;s la fin d&#8217;un dialogue politique interne (sans l&#8217;opposition) et &agrave; l&#8217;issue duquel des r&eacute;formes constitutionnelles ne touchant pas le mandat du Pr&eacute;sident, ont &eacute;t&eacute; adopt&eacute;es, l&#8217;homme a pris son &laquo; b&acirc;ton de p&egrave;lerin &raquo;. Il envisagerait de mener une campagne pr&eacute;m&eacute;dit&eacute;e pour mobiliser les populations autour d&#8217;un referendum pr&eacute;vu en d&eacute;cembre.<\/p>\n<p>Ayant d&eacute;j&agrave; visit&eacute; deux r&eacute;gions (Tagant et Adrar), certaines notabilit&eacute;s sociales et politiques, proches du pouvoir, l&#8217;ont appel&eacute; ouvertement &agrave; briguer un troisi&egrave;me mandat. D&#8217;autres, oppos&eacute;s &agrave; cette option, crient au scandale. Ils pr&eacute;disent le pire pour la Mauritanie &laquo; si le Pr&eacute;sident Aziz revient sur ses d&eacute;clarations et fasse parjure du serment constitutionnel qu&#8217;il a prononc&eacute; &agrave; deux reprises &raquo;.<\/p>\n<p>De sa part, l&#8217;opposition se mobilise, aussi bien contre le referendum envisag&eacute; que contre l&#8217;option d&#8217;un &eacute;ventuel troisi&egrave;me mandat du Pr&eacute;sident Aziz.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&#8217;informations:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691509\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691509<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.pointschauds.info\/fr\/2016\/11\/29\/mauritanie-lopposition-opposee-a-toute-modification-de-la-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.pointschauds.info\/fr\/2016\/11\/29\/mauritanie<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691506\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691506<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691425\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691425<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691385\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691385<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/essahraa.net\/node\/19503\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/essahraa.net\/node\/19503<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.saharamedias.net\/Mauritanie-l-opposition-opposee-a-toute-modification-de-la-constitution_a7496.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/fr.saharamedias.net\/Mauritanie<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mali, 26.11.16 : Proc&egrave;s attendu de l&#8217;ancien chef de la junte militaire malienne juste apr&egrave;s les &eacute;lections communales<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Quatre ans apr&egrave;s son coup d&#8217;&Eacute;tat au Mali, Amadou Sanogo compara&icirc;tra mercredi, 30 novembre 2011, pour l&#8217;enl&egrave;vement et l&#8217;assassinat de militaires en 2012. Un proc&egrave;s crucial pour les parties civiles. Le pr&eacute;venu s&#8217;est dit pr&ecirc;t &agrave; &#8220;dire sa part sa v&eacute;rit&eacute;&#8221;. Le proc&egrave;s aura lieu &agrave; Sikasso et portera sur &#8220;l&#8217;assassinat et complicit&eacute;&#8221; d&#8217;assassinat de 21 militaires. Ce proc&egrave;s &#8221; repr&eacute;sente un pas important dans la lutte contre l&#8217;impunit&eacute; des crimes graves commis depuis 2012 dans le nord et le sud du pays et pour le reste de l&#8217;Afrique&#8221;, selon un communiqu&eacute; de la F&eacute;d&eacute;ration internationale des ligues des droits de l&#8217;Homme (FIDH), qui s&#8217;est constitu&eacute;e partie civile dans l&#8217;affaire.<\/p>\n<p>Par ailleurs, des &eacute;lections communales ont &eacute;t&eacute; organis&eacute;es au Mali, le 20 novembre dernier. M&ecirc;me s&#8217;il a &eacute;vit&eacute; la &laquo; d&eacute;b&acirc;cle &raquo;, le parti du Pr&eacute;sident IBK semble avoir &eacute;t&eacute; malmen&eacute; dans plusieurs localit&eacute;s habituellement acquises au parti au pouvoir.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&#8217;informations:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.france24.com\/fr\/20161129-mali-proces-amadou-sanogo-putsch-berets-rouges-disparus-fidh-assassinat-militaires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.france24.com\/fr\/20161129<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/politique\/chroniques\/tabou-proces-de-bande-a-sanogo-beurre-largent-beurre-1917932.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/politique\/chroniques\/tabou<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/image-du-jour\/proces-de-sanogo-etait-a-presidentielle-de-2013-1913802.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/image-du-jour\/proces-de-sanogo<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/elections-ceni\/lecons-communales-20-novembre-claque-aux-dinosaures-sonnette-dalarme-a-ibk-1916202.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/elections-ceni\/lecons-communales<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/elections-ceni\/sadou-diallo-maire-gao-quiconque-me-vole-victoire-ne-pourra-gouverner-ville-1917822.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/elections-ceni\/sadou-diallo<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/elections-ceni\/communales-20-novembre-lurne-bureau-n16-a-hamdallaye-marche-a-disparu-1917592.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/elections-ceni\/communales-20-novembre<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Kuwait, 27.11.16: Islamist, Nationalist and Liberal Opposition make Gains in Parliamentary Elections<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The results of Kuwait&#8217;s parliamentary elections, held on 26 November, have ensured a broad presence of opposition movements representing Salafi, Islamist, Nationalist and Liberal groups, many of whom have boycotted Kuwaiti politics since 2012.<\/p>\n<p>Members of the opposition won 24 of 50 seats in the National Assembly, in an election that was brought forward after the dissolution of the former parliament by royal decree, in October. Sources have noted that, while Salafi candidates did not fare so well in the elections, Islamist candidates won eight seats in the new parliament. Kuwait&#8217;s Shia minority won six seats, down from nine in the previous assembly. One female candidate was elected. At least two cabinet members failed to be re-elected, indicating popular discontent with the current government. The success of the opposition in the latest elections has been attributed to a large turnout (Aljazeera estimates as much as 70%) in protest at planned austerity measures in the Gulf state.<\/p>\n<p>Despite the strong outcome of the parliamentary elections, it is expected that the Emir of Kuwait, Sheikh Ahmed Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, will nominate the incumbent Prime Minister, or another member of the ruling family to form a new cabinet, a move that is expected to lead to confrontations between the new Kuwaiti opposition and the next government.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/indepth\/2016\/11\/26\/polls-open-in-kuwait-amid-feelings-of-deja-vu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/indepth\/2016\/11\/26\/polls-open-in-kuwait-amid-feelings-of-deja-vu<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/gulfnews.com\/news\/gulf\/kuwait\/kuwaitis-vote-for-change-with-new-parliament-1.1936232\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/gulfnews.com\/news\/gulf\/kuwait\/kuwaitis-vote-for-change-with-new-parliament<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/11\/27\/rebellion-at-polls-as-kuwaitis-vote-against-government-austerity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/11\/27\/rebellion-at-polls<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2016\/11\/kuwait-poll-opposition-wins-parliament-161127060822207.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2016\/11\/kuwait-poll-opposition-wins-parliament<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/kuwaits-islamist-dominated-opposition-wins-near-majority-in-snap-elections\/a-36540834\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/kuwaits-islamist-dominated-opposition<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tunisia, 17.11.2016: Tunisia Dares to Confront its Sordid Past<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Two weeks ago Tunisia&#8217;s Truth and Dignity Commission, a constitutionally enacted body, began a series of public hearings of victims of violations of human rights since Tunisia&#8217;s independence, sixty years ago. The hearings that have been broadcast live on local TV channels as well as Aljazeera Live have marked public opinion locally but also across the MENA region. The testimonies featured the hardship generations of victims or their relatives underwent under the Bourgiba (1956-1987) and Ben Ali (1987-2011) regimes. From Youssefist nationalist movement figures who disagreed with Bourgiba&#8217;s political project such as Hammadi Ghares, to leftist Gilbert Naccache, and Islamist Sami Brahem, the victims catalogued sordid scenes of physical and psychological torture, sexual abuse, forced disappearances or cold blooded killings under torture in prison cells. The fact that these testimonies are being broadcast live, including by Aljazeera Live, have given the event strong resonance across the MENA region. Even the staunch critics of the TDC agree that the public hearings are indeed a major milestone in Tunisia&#8217;s uphill journey of transitional justice.<\/p>\n<p>The public hearings have had such an impact that figures of the Ben Ali regime have released public apologies, as did Sadek Chabane, former minister of justice, who said &#8220;most of the leadership of the RCD party were not aware of the unsavory practices of the Ben Ali regime.&#8221; Abdallah Guellal, former minister of interior who undertook the repression of Islamists in the 1990s, made a surprise visit to Ennahdha&#8217;s headquarters where he met with Rached Ghanouchi; while a former director of police revealed that the involvement of Ennahdha in the Souika attack was in fact fabricated by the secret police. On the other hand, Mohamed Ghariani, secretary general of Benali&#8217;s RCD party who confessed that serious abuses did take place said that it is important for Tunisians to avoid calls for revenge, and rather reconcile and move forward. Ben Ali, whose regime is at the centre of this public hearing, reacted by means of a communique released by his lawyer in Tunis, in which he argued that the testimonies reflect partial truth and that the chance should be given to those accused to give their version of events. Ben Ali justified the human rights abuses and practices by the duty of his regime to maintain order and security while confronting secret activities of &#8220;security and armed wings of some political parties bent on destabilising the country.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>The public hearings are scheduled to last a month to coincide with 17 December, marking Tunisia&#8217;s uprising trigger moment in Sidi Bouzid. There has been mixed reaction to the TDC hearings. Some noted the absence of President Caid Essbesi from the opening ceremony of such an important and constitutionally sanctioned effort, since most prominent national figures including Ghanouchi, Belabess (UGTT), Kamel Mourdjane, Mustapha Ben Djaafr, Hamma Hamami (FT), etc. were present throughout the first day. Some observers explained Essebsi&#8217;s absence by his former role as minister of interior under Bourguiba, and the fact that the bureaucracy and leadership of Ben Ali&#8217;s regime returned to power under the cloak of the Nidaa Tounes party he founded in early 2012. Media outlets that are linked to influential circles of the Ben Ali regime have tried to ridicule the public hearing exercise but live narratives of the victims or their relatives struck a chord across the region.<\/p>\n<p>Siham Bnesedrine, president of the TDC, is a tireless human rights activist who has fought a hard battle with lobbies that did not welcome the enactment of Truth and Dignity Commission under the Troika government and then in the constitution. However, compromise with lobbies and political forces within and around the TDC was reflected in the way the public hearings have been organised. So far, the hearings featured victims of all ideological affiliations under both post-independence regimes, but, except for a few mothers and wives of victims of forced disappearances, emphasis was on figures with relatively short prison sentences (8 years for Islamist Sami Brahem, for example) as compared to those who spent 15 or more years in prison. There is also a notable absence of testimonies by Salafi prisoners or families of Salafi victims, but there are still two weeks until the end of this milestone event. Over the last three years or so, a narrative promoted by counter-revolutionary media and civil society groups have been trying to re-paint the pre-2011 undemocratic regimes in a rosy light. The public hearings in Tunisia over the last couple of weeks have reminded the societies of the MENA region of the reality of human lives under those regimes.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ivd.tn\/fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.ivd.tn\/fr\/<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2016\/11\/23\/ben-ali-avoue-des-abus-et-les-justifie-par-la-necessite-de-proteger-le-pays\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/kapitalis.com\/tunisie\/2016\/11\/23\/ben-ali-avoue-des-abus<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/nawaat.org\/portail\/2016\/11\/19\/les-auditions-de-livd-sami-brahem-limprescriptibilite-de-la-torture-et-la-culture-de-son-refus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/nawaat.org\/portail\/2016\/11\/19\/les-auditions-de-livd-sami-brahem<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/nawaat.org\/portail\/2016\/11\/22\/audiences-publiques-de-livd-kamel-matmati-et-les-disparus-forces-de-la-tunisie\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/nawaat.org\/portail\/2016\/11\/22\/audiences-publiques-de-livd-kamel-matmati<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lapresse.tn\/20112016\/123220\/le-temoignage-accablant-de-hammadi-ghares.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.lapresse.tn\/20112016\/123220\/le-temoignage-accablant-de-hammadi-ghares<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/nawaat.org\/portail\/2016\/11\/25\/truth-commission-public-hearings-kamel-matmati-and-tunisias-disappeared\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/nawaat.org\/portail\/2016\/11\/25\/truth-commission-public-hearings-kamel-matmati<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/11\/19\/world\/africa\/silenced-for-decades-victims-of-despotism-air-torture-claims-in-tunisia.html?_r=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/11\/19\/world\/africa\/silenced-for-decades-victims-of-despotism<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=OlQUbJJNEak\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=OlQUbJJNEak<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=4jMJzqj1Te0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=4jMJzqj1Te0<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-oFzc3vqdzE&amp;t=779s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-oFzc3vqdzE&amp;t=779s<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/arabi21.com\/story\/963274\/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%8A%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%AD%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B3-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%87%D8%B6%D8%A9#author_472\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/arabi21.com\/story\/963274\/<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/arabi21.com\/story\/962268\/%D9%86%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B3-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3#category_2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/arabi21.com\/story\/962268\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Liban, 28.11.2016: Hariri face &agrave; de nombreux d&eacute;fis dans la formation d&#8217;un nouveau gouvernement, pr&eacute;paration des &eacute;lections parlementaires<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Alors que Saad Hariri avait esp&eacute;r&eacute; pouvoir annoncer un nouveau gouvernement avant le 22 novembre, le premier ministre fra&icirc;chement d&eacute;sign&eacute; a affirm&eacute; lundi 28 novembre, suite &agrave; une r&eacute;union avec Michel Aoun, le nouveau pr&eacute;sident libanais, qu&#8217;il devait faire face &agrave; certaines difficult&eacute;s &agrave; satisfaire les ambitions minist&eacute;rielles des diff&eacute;rents partis. En effet, les demandes de Nabih Berry en faveur des partis Amal et Hezbollah, celles des Forces libanaises et celles du parti Marada n&#8217;ont pas encore trouv&eacute; la conciliation n&eacute;cessaire &agrave; la formation du gouvernement. Selon Rachid Derbas, le ministre sortant des Affaires sociales, Saad Hariri aurait d&eacute;j&agrave; fait de grandes concessions pour permettre la formation d&#8217;un gouvernement et pourrait devoir encore en faire de nouvelles pour arriver &agrave; son but.<\/p>\n<p>En ce qui concerne les d&eacute;fis que devrait relever le nouveau pr&eacute;sident, la r&eacute;vision de la loi &eacute;lectorale s&#8217;annonce d&eacute;j&agrave; &ecirc;tre un th&egrave;me tendu qui pourrait opposer le pr&eacute;sident et ses alli&eacute;s du 8 Mars d&#8217;une part et son premier ministre et ses alli&eacute;s du 14 Mars d&#8217;autre part. En effet, le pr&eacute;sident et le 8 Mars soutiendraient une r&eacute;forme de la loi &eacute;lectorale qui ferait passer la loi d&#8217;un syst&egrave;me &agrave; simple majorit&eacute; &agrave; un syst&egrave;me proportionnel. Les alli&eacute;s du 14 Mars s&#8217;y opposeraient, craignant que cette r&eacute;forme leur nuise et que la r&eacute;vision de la loi &eacute;lectorale leur fasse perdre leur majorit&eacute; parlementaire.<\/p>\n<p>En vue des prochaines &eacute;lections parlementaires qui devraient se tenir en &eacute;t&eacute; prochain, un grand nombre de nouvelles formations &eacute;mergent, apr&egrave;s que ces derniers mois ont &eacute;t&eacute; t&eacute;moin d&eacute;j&agrave; de l&#8217;attrait que peuvent susciter les nouveaux mouvements citoyens. En effet, des mouvements comme You stink ou Beirut Madinati avaient attir&eacute; beaucoup d&#8217;attention, s&#8217;inscrivant sur la volont&eacute; de pr&eacute;senter des alternatives au syst&egrave;me politique des partis traditionnels. Ces derniers seraient consid&eacute;r&eacute;s comme opportunistes, gangr&eacute;n&eacute;s par la corruption et incapables d&#8217;offrir les services publics n&eacute;cessaires &agrave; la communaut&eacute;. Cependant, il reste &agrave; ces nouvelles formations &agrave; d&eacute;passer les obstacles sur lesquels d&#8217;autres mouvements populaires ont but&eacute; pr&eacute;c&eacute;demment. Selon Carmen Geha, professeure assistante en administration publique &agrave; l&#8217;American University de Beyrouth, les obstacles &agrave; une large mobilisation de partisans consisteraient principalement en des attaques m&eacute;diatiques, la cooptation op&eacute;r&eacute;e par des forces gouvernementales et la menace par la force physique des partis dominants.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&#8217;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/originals\/2016\/11\/lebanon-president-michel-aoun-plans-challenges.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/originals\/2016\/11\/lebanon-president-michel-aoun-plans<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/now.mmedia.me\/lb\/en\/reportsfeatures\/qas_for_the_electoral_system_in_lebanon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/now.mmedia.me\/lb\/en\/reportsfeatures\/qas_for_the_electoral_system_in_lebanon<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/originals\/2016\/11\/lebanon-elections-reformist-parties-political-forces.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/originals\/2016\/11\/lebanon-elections-reformist-parties<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/1020778\/hariri-a-baabda-il-y-a-des-obstacles-a-la-formation-du-nouveau-gouvernement.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/1020778\/hariri-a-baabda<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/1020776\/hariri-recu-par-aoun-a-baabda.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/1020776\/hariri-recu-par-aoun-a-baabda<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/1020760\/gouvernement-hariri-a-fait-des-concessions-et-en-fera-dautres-affirme-derbas.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/1020760\/gouvernement-hariri-a-fait-des-concessions<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Maroc, 28.11.2016 : Nouvelles avanc&eacute;es pour la formation du gouvernement<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Depuis les &eacute;lections du 7 octobre qui ont reconduit M. Benkirane &agrave; la t&ecirc;te du gouvernement marocain, les tractations se font de plus en plus intenses afin de former le nouveau gouvernement. M. Benkirane, chef du gouvernement d&eacute;sign&eacute; et secr&eacute;taire g&eacute;n&eacute;ral du PJD a d&eacute;j&agrave; su convaincre certains partis de prendre part &agrave; la prochaine coalition, mais n&#8217;a pas encore r&eacute;ussi &agrave; former sa majorit&eacute;. C&#8217;est pourquoi il encha&icirc;ne les rencontres avec diff&eacute;rents chefs de file, notamment la semaine derni&egrave;re avec Driss Lachgar, USFP (Union socialiste des forces populaires), et Aziz Akhannouch du RNI (Rassemblement national des ind&eacute;pendants). Malgr&eacute; les d&eacute;saccords exprim&eacute;s dans la presse entre le PJD et l&#8217;USFP il y a quelques jours, la r&eacute;union, tenue entre M. Benkirane et M. Lachgar, a &eacute;t&eacute; constructive et plut&ocirc;t positive selon un communiqu&eacute; officiel du PJD. L&#8217;espoir de l&#8217;USFP d&#8217;entrer au gouvernement n&#8217;est donc pas vain.<\/p>\n<p>N&eacute;anmoins, la formule qui int&eacute;grerait une participation du RNI reste la plus favoris&eacute;e par le PJD. Les efforts de M. Benkirane se tournent donc naturellement vers ce parti, arriv&eacute; en quatri&egrave;me position lors des &eacute;lections. Le sc&eacute;nario d&#8217;une coalition se calquant presque sur l&#8217;ancien gouvernement se dessine de plus en plus, &agrave; savoir une alliance entre le PJD, le RNI et le PPS; le MP s&#8217;&eacute;tant fait disqualifier suite aux attaques m&eacute;diatiques envers le PJD de son secr&eacute;taire g&eacute;n&eacute;ral, Mohand Laenser. Le RNI avait int&eacute;gr&eacute; le gouvernement en 2013 apr&egrave;s les d&eacute;missions des ministres de l&#8217;Istiqlal. Aujourd&#8217;hui, la t&acirc;che de M. Benkirane est donc de convaincre le RNI, parti majeur qui dispose de 37 si&egrave;ges, d&#8217;entrer dans la coalition gouvernementale qui compte d&eacute;j&agrave; dans ses rangs l&#8217;Istiqlal.<\/p>\n<p>A noter que le PJD a r&eacute;cemment form&eacute; une commission interne afin de discuter des propositions gouvernementales &agrave; venir et d&eacute;finir un cap ainsi que les lignes directrices qui seront adopt&eacute;es. Toutefois, cette commission reste, pour le moment, discr&egrave;te car aucune coalition n&#8217;a &eacute;t&eacute; form&eacute;e comme expliqu&eacute; ci-dessus. En effet, les politiques &eacute;conomique, sociale, environnementale, culturelle et ext&eacute;rieure seront d&eacute;cid&eacute;es une fois les portefeuilles minist&eacute;riels distribu&eacute;s et qu&#8217;un consensus sera atteint avec tous les partis formant la majorit&eacute;.<\/p>\n<p>Liens pour plus d&#8217;informations :<br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/lematin.ma\/journal\/2016\/la-nouvelle-position-de-l-usfp-relance-les-espoirs-de-abdelilah-benkirane-de-composer-son-nouveau-gouvernement\/258867.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/lematin.ma\/journal\/2016\/la-nouvelle-position-de-l-usfp-relance-les-espoirs<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/2016\/11\/23\/pjd-rni-ministeres_n_13169220.html?utm_hp_ref=politique-maroc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/2016\/11\/23\/pjd-rni-ministeres<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/2016\/11\/25\/benkirane-lachgar-gouvern_n_13226426.html?utm_hp_ref=politique-maroc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/2016\/11\/25\/benkirane-lachgar-gouvern<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.le360.ma\/politique\/futur-gouvernement-benkirane-sexprime-apres-sa-rencontre-avec-driss-lachgar-97111\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/fr.le360.ma\/politique\/futur-gouvernement-benkirane<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.le360.ma\/politique\/formation-du-gouvernement-un-nouveau-scenario-pour-surmonter-le-blocage-97363\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/fr.le360.ma\/politique\/formation-du-gouvernement-un-nouveau-scenario<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.le360.ma\/politique\/diapo-akhannouch-jimposerai-aux-eventuels-ministres-rni-detre-plus-a-lecoute-des-citoyens-97299\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/fr.le360.ma\/politique\/diapo-akhannouch-jimposerai-aux-eventuels-ministres<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/2016\/11\/25\/programme-gouvernement-ma_n_13224878.html?utm_hp_ref=politique-maroc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.huffpostmaghreb.com\/2016\/11\/25\/programme-gouvernement-ma<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>RELATIONS BETWEEN COMMUNITIES OF DIFFERENT ETHNIC, CULTURAL AND RELIGIOUS AFFILIATIONS \/ <br \/>RELATIONS ENTRE COMMUNAUT&Eacute;S DE DIFF&Eacute;RENTES AFFILIATIONS ETHNIQUES, CULTURELLES ET RELIGIEUSES<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Iraq, 10.11.16: An Historic Settlement for National Unity in Iraq<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>While the battle for Mosul between the &#8216;Islamic State&#8217; group and Iraqi forces is ongoing, supported by a plethora of militias, and with air and ground support from a US-led coalition, questions about the future of the divided nation abound. Some local sources are asking whether defeating a common enemy (Islamic State group) could be a unifying factor for the nation to rally around, and whether this unity can last.<\/p>\n<p>In mid-November, an Iraqi National Alliance plan for an historic settlement and reconciliation in Iraq was leaked to the national press, sparking interest in the potential for accommodation and collaboration between the Sunni, Shia and Kurdish communities in the country. The process is led by the cleric, Ammar al-Hakim, who is considered a moderate voice among Shia political leaders, and he is reportedly also supported by the influential leader, Muqtada al-Sadr, who has a history of stressing the importance of Iraqi unity and rejecting foreign influence in the country. The process will apparently receive significant backing from the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) envoy, Jan Kubis.<\/p>\n<p>Sources report a number of meetings between al-Hakim, al-Sadr and Sunni politicians since the revelation of this national project, which consists of four main points: 1) all parties needed to abide by the deal, 2) that all parties would be considered equal in the deal, 3) that any conflict between political blocs should be annulled and 4) that violence would be rejected as a means of achieving political goals.<\/p>\n<p>The document also calls for the rejection of ethnic and sectarian divisions in the country; respect for the Iraqi Constitution; commitment to the principles of the free market economy and equitable distribution of wealth among Iraq&#8217;s provinces, in accordance with populations; the abolition of armed groups outside the control of the state; and ongoing commitment to fighting illegal armed groups remaining in the country.<\/p>\n<p>According to one source, UNAMI will draft the final version of the national settlement as long as &#8220;it is approved by both the parliament and the Cabinet and all Iraqi parties abide by it.&#8221; It will also seek &#8220;support and insurance from international and local institutions, namely the Arab League and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation,&#8221; as well as &#8220;rallying the necessary support from the regional countries in order for the agreed-upon national settlement to succeed.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>The process of national conciliation between Iraq&#8217;s politicians has had an important patron in the nation&#8217;s Prime Minister, Haider al-Abadi, who has followed up on his agreement with a coalition of Shia, Sunni and Kurdish political forces, through which he vowed to promote a project of national reconciliation within his consensus government, &#8220;as per the principles of federalism and the distribution of powers and wealth equitably among all of the country&#8217;s components.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Important questions remain, however, over the future of Iraq&#8217;s Ba&#8217;athists, since, as one analyst has noted, &#8220;if the role of former Ba&#8217;athists is forgotten in post-[Islamic State] Iraq, then many of the key issues that arose when [Islamic State] entered Mosul in 2014 will likely return in the future.&#8221; Furthermore, although an effective reconciliation between members of Iraq&#8217;s political class will produce greater safety and stability in the country, relations among the wider Iraqi population, who have borne the brunt of political and sectarian violence in the last decade, will not be so easily repaired.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.niqash.org\/en\/articles\/politics\/5401\/Not-So-Secret-Plan-For-National-Unity-In-Post-Extremist-Era-Leaked.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.niqash.org\/en\/articles\/politics\/5401\/Not-So-Secret-Plan<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/nnciq.com\/news\/2261\/%D9%87%D8%B0%D8%A7-%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A--%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9-\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/nnciq.com\/news\/2261\/<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.niqash.org\/en\/articles\/security\/5404\/A-Common-Enemy-Unites-Iraqi-Forces-%E2%80%93-But-What-Happens-When-That%E2%80%99s-Gone.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.niqash.org\/en\/articles\/security\/5404\/A-Common-Enemy<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/originals\/2016\/11\/national-reconciliation-iraq-shiite-kurd-sunni.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/originals\/2016\/11\/national-reconciliation-iraq-shiite-kurd-sunni<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/almadapress.com\/ar\/news\/79174\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%89_%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%B1_%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%91_%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A9_(%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%91%D8%A9)_%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE%D9%8A%D9%91%D8%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/almadapress.com\/ar\/news\/79174\/<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/originals\/2016\/11\/iraq-baathists-mosul-reconciliation.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/originals\/2016\/11\/iraq-baathists<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hongrie, 28.11.16 : Un maire prononce des arr&ecirc;t&eacute;s antimusulmans et anti-migrants dans sa commune &agrave; la fronti&egrave;re avec la Serbie<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Le maire d&#8217;&Aacute;sotthalom, L&aacute;szl&oacute; Toroczkai, a annonc&eacute; jeudi 17 novembre une s&eacute;rie de mesures antimusulmans et anti-migrants, via son compte Facebook. Ce dernier se positionne comme un opposant &agrave; deux &laquo; intrus pa&iuml;ens &raquo;, &agrave; savoir &laquo; l&#8217;invasion migratoire venue du sud &raquo; et le &laquo; lib&eacute;ralisme extr&ecirc;me venant de l&#8217;ouest &raquo;. Ainsi, et dans l&#8217;objectif de dissuader tout migrant souhaitant s&#8217;installer dans sa commune, il a d&eacute;clar&eacute; l&#8217;interdiction de construire des mosqu&eacute;es ou de faire r&eacute;sonner le son du minaret, un son qui pourrait, toujours selon M. Toroczkai, provoquer la &laquo; peur &raquo; et &laquo; choquer la population locale &raquo;, mais aussi l&#8217;interdiction pour les femmes de se couvrir partiellement ou enti&egrave;rement le visage et de porter un &laquo; burkini &raquo;. Le maire d&#8217;&Aacute;sotthalom se distancie toutefois des autres arr&ecirc;t&eacute;s europ&eacute;ens contre le burkini, en d&eacute;clarant que ces derniers rentrent dans une logique de lib&eacute;ralisme &agrave; outrance. En opposition &agrave; cette logique, il se r&eacute;clame des lois russes &agrave; l&#8217;&eacute;gard des r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s et souhaite r&eacute;instaurer un mod&egrave;le de pr&eacute;servation des valeurs et des traditions hongroises. Cela l&#8217;a amen&eacute; &eacute;galement &agrave; interdire &agrave; quiconque de s&#8217;exprimer en faveur du mariage entre personnes de m&ecirc;me sexe, une prise de position qui violerait selon lui la loi fondamentale sur la famille.<\/p>\n<p>Le maire de cette commune, &eacute;galement vice-pr&eacute;sident du parti d&#8217;extr&ecirc;me droite Jobbik et fondateur du &laquo; Mouvement des Jeunes des Soixante-Quatre Pays &raquo;, une association r&eacute;visionniste revendiquant des territoires chez ses voisins et notamment en Roumanie, avait fait parl&eacute; de lui en pleine crise migratoire. En 2015, il avait en effet publi&eacute; une vid&eacute;o montrant les moyens mis en &oelig;uvre dans sa commune afin de dissuader les migrants de venir, une mise en sc&egrave;ne montrant des policiers &agrave; cheval, &agrave; moto, en voiture ou en h&eacute;licopt&egrave;re poursuivre les &laquo; fugitifs &raquo;.<\/p>\n<p>Ces nouveaux arr&ecirc;t&eacute;s et l&#8217;attitude de ce maire d&#8217;une mani&egrave;re g&eacute;n&eacute;rale sont d&#8217;autant plus paradoxaux que les communaut&eacute;s musulmanes sont tr&egrave;s minoritaires en Hongrie (pas plus de 4000 fid&egrave;les selon des sources locales), il n&#8217;y a d&#8217;ailleurs pas de musulmans &agrave; &Aacute;sotthalom. Par ailleurs, les flux de r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s se sont extr&ecirc;mement taris, en particulier depuis que L&aacute;szl&oacute; Toroczkai a convaincu Vikor Orban de construire une barri&egrave;re et d&#8217;&eacute;riger des cl&ocirc;tures de barbel&eacute;s le long de la fronti&egrave;re entre la Hongrie et la Serbie.<\/p>\n<p>Dans le m&ecirc;me temps, il a &eacute;t&eacute; annonc&eacute; par les autorit&eacute;s hongroises dimanche 27 novembre que le camp de r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s de Birzeck serait ferm&eacute; fin d&eacute;cembre et d&eacute;localis&eacute; vers le camp de Kiskunhalas. Ce dernier est situ&eacute; beaucoup plus loin de Budapest (environ 2h30), alors que Birzeck n&#8217;est situ&eacute; qu&#8217;&agrave; 30 minutes de la capitale, et donc des lieux principaux d&#8217;activit&eacute;s. Selon un membre de l&#8217;organisation d&#8217;aide aux r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s Migzol (Migrant Solidarity Group in Hungary), cela est un signal clair du gouvernement &agrave; l&#8217;attention des migrants comme quoi &laquo; ils ne devraient pas rester en Hongrie &raquo;.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Liens pour plus d&#8217;informations :<\/strong><br \/>Journal de 7h30 sur (d&egrave;s 3.36 min.): <a href=\"https:\/\/www.franceculture.fr\/emissions\/les-matins\/les-matins-lundi-28-novembre-2016\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.franceculture.fr\/emissions\/les-matins\/les-matins-lundi-28-novembre-2016<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/francais.rt.com\/international\/29609-hongrie-maire-interdit-islam-et-homosexualit%C3%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/francais.rt.com\/international\/29609-hongrie-maire-interdit-islam-et-homosexual<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/francais.rt.com\/international\/7132-maire-hongrois-video-refugies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/francais.rt.com\/international\/7132-maire-hongrois-video-refugies<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/budapestbeacon.com\/news-in-brief\/asotthalom-bans-islam-homosexuality-and-burkinis\/42341\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/budapestbeacon.com\/news-in-brief\/asotthalom-bans-islam-homosexuality-and-burkinis<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/europe\/article\/2015\/08\/29\/le-mur-anti-migrants-acheve-entre-la-hongrie-et-la-serbie_4740275_3214.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/europe\/article\/2015\/08\/29\/le-mur-anti-migrants-acheve-entre-la-hongrie-et-la-serbie<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Tchad, 28.11.2016 : Tensions et violence meurtri&egrave;res &agrave; N&#8217;Djamena<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Jeudi soir 24 novembre, des heurts ont &eacute;clat&eacute; entre des jeunes des communaut&eacute;s Kreda et Zaghawa lors d&#8217;un match de football dans le 9e arrondissement de N&#8217;Djamena. Un jeune gar&ccedil;on, appartenant &agrave; la communaut&eacute; Kreda, est mort dans les affrontements, ce qui a cr&eacute;&eacute; de vives tensions, des tensions qui ont atteint leur apog&eacute;e samedi matin. En effet, un cycle de violences et de repr&eacute;sailles s&#8217;est enclench&eacute; entre les familles de la victime et des agresseurs. Ces violences, hors de tout contr&ocirc;le des autorit&eacute;s locales, ont fait 5 morts, 18 bless&eacute;s et 30 personnes ont &eacute;t&eacute; interpell&eacute;es. A ce jour et selon des sources locales, les violences continuent.<\/p>\n<p>La communaut&eacute; Zaghawa est notamment celle du pr&eacute;sident Idriss Deby Itno. Sa l&eacute;gitimit&eacute; est contest&eacute;e et les tensions sociales ne font qu&#8217;augmenter ces derniers mois, notamment en raison des mesures d&#8217;aust&eacute;rit&eacute; prises par le pr&eacute;sident quelques semaines apr&egrave;s son investiture &agrave; la t&ecirc;te de l&#8217;Etat pour un 5&egrave;me mandat (non-paiement des salaires aux fonctionnaires, suspension des bourses d&#8217;&eacute;tudes et coupes dans les indemnit&eacute;s allou&eacute;es aux agents de l&#8217;Etat, entre autres). A cela s&#8217;ajoute la crise des prix du p&eacute;trole et la menace de Boko Haram, qui font peser une tension s&eacute;curitaire et &eacute;conomique tr&egrave;s importante sur le Tchad.<\/p>\n<p>Le 16 novembre pass&eacute;, Idriss Deby Itno a notamment d&ucirc; quitter pr&eacute;cipitamment la COP 22, qui se tenait &agrave; Marrakech (Maroc), en raison de la situation de plus en plus critique dans son pays. Un appel &agrave; la &laquo; ville morte &raquo; avait notamment &eacute;t&eacute; lanc&eacute; par l&#8217;opposition dans le but de protester contre la mauvaise gestion et les mesures d&#8217;aust&eacute;rit&eacute;. Cette protestation s&#8217;est d&eacute;roul&eacute; le 22 novembre pass&eacute;, soit quelques jours avant l&#8217;&eacute;clatement des violences meurtri&egrave;res.<\/p>\n<p><em>Lien pour plus d&#8217;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.rfi.fr\/afrique\/20161127-tchad-tensions-meurtrieres-djamena\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.rfi.fr\/afrique\/20161127-tchad-tensions-meurtrieres-djamena<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tchadactuel.com\/?p=14571\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.tchadactuel.com\/?p=14571<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tchadactuel.com\/?p=14558\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.tchadactuel.com\/?p=14558<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/tchadinfos.com\/tchad\/tchad-5-morts-a-ngueli-dans-un-affrontement-intercommunautaire\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/tchadinfos.com\/tchad\/tchad-5-morts-a-ngueli-dans-un-affrontement-intercommunautaire<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/376533\/societe\/tchad-lappel-a-journee-ville-morte-partiellement-suivi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/376533\/societe\/tchad-lappel-a-journee-ville-morte-partiellement-suivi<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.africanews.com\/2016\/11\/16\/idriss-deby-quitte-la-cop22-pour-faire-face-aux-tensions-au-tchad\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/fr.africanews.com\/2016\/11\/16\/idriss-deby-quitte-la-cop22-pour-faire-face-aux-tensions-au-tchad<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/mag\/367565\/economie\/tchad-finances-publiques-plombees-boko-haram-chute-cours-baril-de-petrole\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/mag\/367565\/economie\/tchad-finances-publiques-plombees<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/afrique\/region-38100833\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/afrique\/region-38100833<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mauritanie, 28.11.2016 : 56&egrave;me anniversaire de l&#8217;ind&eacute;pendance sous le spectre du &laquo; passif humanitaire &raquo;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Depuis 1991, la Mauritanie f&ecirc;te l&#8217;anniversaire de son ind&eacute;pendance dans la division. Et pour cause, le 28 novembre, 1990, un groupe de 28 soldats, tous de souche noire avaient &eacute;t&eacute; pass&eacute;s aux armes par leurs compagnons d&#8217;armes, de souche arabe. Ce tragique &eacute;pisode est le symbole de ce qui deviendra &laquo; le passif humanitaire &raquo; du r&eacute;gime de Ould Taya (1984-2005). Il est aujourd&#8217;hui l&#8217;un des d&eacute;terminants dans les rapports intercommunautaires dans le pays. Surtout que les revendications des victimes et ayant droits demeurent, selon eux, enti&egrave;rement ignor&eacute;es. Tout comme l&#8217;est la mise en place d&#8217;une Commission v&eacute;rit&eacute; et r&eacute;conciliation pour solder le passif.<\/p>\n<p>Cette ann&eacute;e aussi, le 56&egrave;me anniversaire du pays a &eacute;t&eacute; c&eacute;l&eacute;br&eacute; &agrave; deux &laquo; vitesses &raquo;. Une partie l&#8217;a en effet f&ecirc;t&eacute;e dans la joie et l&#8217;autre dans le souvenir de la &laquo; trag&eacute;die &raquo;.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&#8217;informations:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691500\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691500<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/lecalame.info\/?q=node\/4855\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/lecalame.info\/?q=node\/4855<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/mauriweb.info\/node\/2633\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/mauriweb.info\/node\/2633<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691443\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691443<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691442\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691442<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691432\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=691432<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/elmourageb.com\/fr\/?p=445\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/elmourageb.com\/fr\/?p=445<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>VIOLENT EXTREMISM AND THE WAR ON TERROR \/ EXTR&Eacute;MISME VIOLENT ET LA GUERRE CONTRE LA TERREUR<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Egypt, Cross-regional, 17- 23.11.2016: Egypt-Syrian-Russian-American Possible Cooperation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Egypt&#8217;s president has defended Donald Trump&#8217;s proposal to set up a database of Muslims, arguing it would ensure &#8220;security and stability.&#8221; Sisi said in an interview with the Portuguese TV network RTP that fundamentalist ideology was the biggest threat in the world and that it had prompted Trump to suggest that Muslims living in the US be required to register. He added &#8220;We are going to see very good things from the new US president.&#8221; Sisi was the first world leader to call Trump and congratulate him for winning the US presidential elections in his 8 November shock victory.<\/p>\n<p>In the interview, Sisi also expressed support for Syrian President Bashar Assad&#8217;s military in remarks likely to anger Saudi Arabia and Gulf Arab allies who back Syrian rebels in the civil war. He said that Syrian government forces were best positioned to combat terrorism and restore stability in the war-torn nation. Asked if he would send Egyptian peacekeepers to Syria under a peace deal, Sisi said that &#8220;it is better that the national army take responsibility&#8221; and that his priority is to &#8220;support the national army&#8221; of Syria.<\/p>\n<p>Days after Sisi expressed support for Assad&#8217;s military regime, Lebanese daily As-Safir reported that Egypt has sent a military air support unit to Syria in preparation for a large deployment early next year. Yet, Egypt has denied that it has a military presence in Syria. &#8220;These allegations do not exist except in the imaginations of those who promote them,&#8221; said Ahmed Abou Zeid, a spokesman for Egypt&#8217;s Foreign Ministry.<\/p>\n<p>Last month, Syrian security services chief Ali Mamlouk met with Egyptian officials in his first public foreign visit in five years to discuss Egypt publicly backing the embattled Syrian regime. Egypt also notably held its first ever-joint military drills in Africa with Russia, which has intervened militarily in Syria in support of the Syrian regime.<\/p>\n<p>Meanwhile, Syria&#8217;s Bashar Assad has said that that Trump will be a &#8220;natural ally&#8221; if the US president-elect fulfills his pledge to fight &#8220;terrorists&#8221;. He said, &#8220;We cannot tell anything about what he&#8217;s going to do, but if&#8230; he is going to fight the terrorists, of course we are going to be ally (sic), natural ally in that regard with the Russian, with the Iranian, with many other countries.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Two weeks ago, Trump said that he was likely to abandon the American effort to support &#8220;moderate&#8221; opposition groups in Syria who are battling the government of President Assad, saying &#8220;we have no idea who these people are.&#8221; In an interview with The Wall Street Journal, Trump said &#8220;I&#8217;ve had an opposite view of many people regarding Syria&#8221;. He also said that if the United States attacks Assad &#8220;we end up fighting Russia&#8221;, an ally of the Syrian regime.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, Turkey is &#8220;very optimistic&#8221; that the forthcoming US administration will either detain or extradite Fetullah Gulen, the reclusive cleric Ankara accuses of masterminding the July coup attempt, a senior member of the Turkish government told the Middle East Eye.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/egypts-sisi-affirms-support-assad-opposition-backers-set-meet-paris-1214150600\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/egypts-sisi-affirms-support-assad<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/11\/23\/sisi-expresses-support-for-trumps-proposed-muslim-registry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/11\/23\/sisi-expresses-support-for-trumps<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/11\/15\/syrias-assad-says-trump-a-natural-ally\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/11\/15\/syrias-assad-says-trump-a-natural-ally<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/11\/17\/world\/middleeast\/assad-donald-trump-syria-natural-ally.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/11\/17\/world\/middleeast\/assad-donald-trump-syria-natural-ally<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/News\/2016\/11\/24\/Egypt-deploys-air-force-personnel-to-Syrian-regime-airbase\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/News\/2016\/11\/24\/Egypt-deploys-air-force<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/11\/27\/cairo-slams-reports-of-egyptian-military-presence-in-syria\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.alaraby.co.uk\/english\/news\/2016\/11\/27\/cairo-slams-reports-of-egyptian-military-presence-in-syria<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/11\/12\/world\/middleeast\/donald-trump-syria.html?action=click&amp;contentCollection=Middle%20East&amp;module=RelatedCoverage&Acirc;&reg;ion=Marginalia&amp;pgtype=article\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/11\/12\/world\/middleeast\/donald-trump-syria<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/turkey-says-it-expects-trump-administration-detain-or-extradite-gulen-2074655432\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/news\/turkey-says-it-expects-trump-administration-detain-or-extradite-gulen<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>USA, 23- 28.11.2016: Trump, U.S. Muslims and the Erosion of Democracy<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>According to a New York Times report, President-elect Donald J. Trump&#8217;s trio of hard-line selections served notice that &#8220;he intends not only to reverse eight years of liberal domestic policies but also to overturn decades of bipartisan consensus on the United States&#8217; proper role in world affairs.&#8221; It added that &#8220;Trump is moving quickly to realize his campaign&#8217;s promise of a nation that relentlessly enforces immigration and drug laws; views Muslims with deep suspicion; second-guesses post-World War II alliances; and sends suspected terrorists to Guant&aacute;namo Bay or C.I.A. secret prisons to be interrogated with methods that have been banned as torture.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>The report concluded that &#8220;in his first major national security selections so far &mdash; Senator Jeff Sessions, Republican of Alabama, for attorney general; Representative Mike Pompeo, Republican of Kansas, for C.I.A. director; and Lt. Gen. Michael T. Flynn for national security adviser &mdash; Mr. Trump sent a clear message that he does not intend to use these personnel choices to build bridges to Democrats or the moderate and traditionally conservative Republicans who opposed the nationalist overtones of his presidential campaign.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Meanwhile, Muslims across the United States feared they were being targeted for surveillance this week when they received automated polling calls asking them to press one if they identified as Muslim or two if they did not. It was later confirmed that the calls were part of a survey by a NGO seeking to empower African-Americans, but the general climate is currently breeding deep suspicions. Four mosques &mdash; three in California and one in Georgia &mdash; have received letters threatening that President-elect Donald Trump will do to Muslims what Adolf Hitler &#8220;did to the Jews,&#8221; according to the Council on American-Islamic Relations, or CAIR. The handwritten letters, which referred to Muslims as &#8220;children of Satan,&#8221; called Trump the &#8220;new sheriff in town&#8221; who will &#8220;cleanse America and make it shine again&#8221; by eradicating the country&#8217;s Muslim population.<\/p>\n<p>For Stephen M. Walt, Harvard University Professor, &#8220;There are good reasons to worry about how Donald Trump will handle foreign policy, but there are also reasons to think he won&#8217;t be any worse than some other administrations. The neoconservatives who dominated foreign-policy making in George W. Bush&#8217;s administration had lots of prior experience.&#8221; He added in Foreign Policy &#8220;but if you live in the United States, what you should really worry about is the threat that Trump may pose to America&#8217;s constitutional order.&#8221; He noted that &#8220;The 2016 campaign confirmed that he has little respect for existing norms and rules &mdash; he refused to release his tax returns, lied repeatedly, claimed the electoral and political systems were &#8220;rigged&#8221; against him, threatened to jail his opponent if he won, among other such violations &mdash; and revealed his deep contempt for both his opponents and supporters.&#8221; Then, Walt offers his top 10 warning signs that American democracy is at risk, including systematic efforts to intimidate the media, building an official pro-Trump media network, politicizing the civil service, military, National Guard, or the domestic security agencies, using government surveillance against domestic political opponents, using state power to reward corporate backers and punish opponents, stacking the Supreme Court, enforcing the law for only one side, rigging the system, fearmongering and demonizing the opposition.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/11\/19\/us\/politics\/flynn-sessions-trump-administration.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/11\/19\/us\/politics\/flynn-sessions-trump-administration<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/2016\/11\/24\/us-muslims-feared-donald-trump-enacting-campaign-pledge-receiving\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/2016\/11\/24\/us-muslims-feared-donald-trump-enacting-campaign-pledge-receiving<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/acts-of-faith\/wp\/2016\/11\/27\/trump-will-do-to-you-muslims-what-hitler-did-to-the-jews-mosques-get-threatening-letters\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/acts-of-faith\/wp\/2016\/11\/27\/trump-will-do-to-you-muslims-what-hitler-did-to-the-jews<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/post-nation\/wp\/2016\/11\/21\/trump-is-president-theyll-deport-you-soon-man-unloads-on-muslim-uber-driver\/?tid=a_inl&amp;utm_term=.bcd3bddde6f9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/post-nation\/wp\/2016\/11\/21\/trump-is-president-theyll-deport-you-soon<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2016\/11\/23\/ten-ways-to-tell-if-your-president-is-a-dictator\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2016\/11\/23\/ten-ways-to-tell-if-your-president-is-a-dictator<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>USA and Cross Regional, 22 &ndash; 27.11.2016: Trump and the War on Terror<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Siddhartha Mahanta, an associate editor at The Atlantic, wrote that the president-elect has vowed to kill the families of ISIS members and bring back Bush-era torture tactics. Mahanta wrote, &#8220;Trump faces significant hurdles to reviving George W. Bush-era interrogation practices amounting to torture; those hurdles include the Geneva Conventions and 2005&#8217;s Detainee Treatment Act, which prohibited some of the worst abuses. But other restrictions, including a 2009 executive order signed by President Barack Obama barring the CIA from operating its own detention facilities and banning some interrogation techniques, could be quickly overturned by Trump.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Retired Lt. Gen. Mike Flynn, Trump&#8217;s newly appointed national security adviser, has outlined his plan to defeat terrorism extensively in recent months. Flynn&#8217;s book, &#8220;The Field of Fight: How We Can Win the Global War Against Radical Islam and Its Allies&#8221; focused on the importance of identifying &#8220;radical Islam&#8221; and its role in terrorism. He defined the fight against terrorism as a &#8220;world war&#8221; and emphasized the need to begin the fight at home. Flynn has also emphasized the need for looser rules of engagement for US soldiers in the Middle East and for a new intelligence-driven strategy. He wrote about &#8220;attacking the enemy alliance&#8221; &mdash; Russia and Iran &mdash; and strengthening the US&#8217; own alliances.<\/p>\n<p>In the past, Flynn has come under fire for referring to Islam as a &#8220;political ideology&#8221; rather than a religion. Flynn has also framed the fight against the terrorist group ISIS as a war against an ideology rather than simply a war against militants on battlefields in Iraq and Syria. He criticized the Obama administration&#8217;s troop drawdown in Iraq, which some experts say created a power vacuum that allowed ISIS to rise up. He said, &#8220;We beat [Al Qaeda in Iraq] in 2011&#8230; We proved that their version of, their Allah, couldn&#8217;t help them on the battlefield. But though a political decision by President Obama, he decided to pull everybody out. When you have victory in warfare, you must sustain that victory. And we did not.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Three U.S. officials who&#8217;ve been working to refute terrorist propaganda and blunt recruitment by ISIS and other groups are bracing for a Donald Trump administration, fearing that he and his advisers could set back their efforts by years and play into terrorists&#8217; hands. They said that &#8220;President-elect Trump&#8217;s campaign rhetoric, combined with the names now surfacing as potential top national security advisers in the next administration, signal a dramatically different approach that could give ISIS ammunition to claim that the United States is engaged in a religious war.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Sen. John McCain, the chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee, said that any attempt by Trump to &#8220;reset&#8221; relations with Russia is unacceptable. &#8220;With the U.S. presidential transition underway, Vladimir Putin has said in recent days that he wants to improve relations with the United States,&#8221; McCain said. He added &#8220;We should place as much faith in such statements as any other made by a former KGB agent who has plunged his country into tyranny, murdered his political opponents, invaded his neighbors, threatened America&#8217;s allies and attempted to undermine America&#8217;s elections.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Finally, Justin Hienz, a counterterrorism and religious extremism expert at the University of Southern California, offers five counterterrorism recommendations for the next administration: (1) prepare for returning foreign fighters as many of the returning foreign fighters are European, and most European countries are part of the U.S. Visa Waiver Program, (2) do not target American Muslims as targeting American Muslims plays into the hands of extremists, (3) make combating right-wing extremism a priority, (4) address catalysts for left-wing extremism, and (5) heal relationships between law enforcement and communities that feel besieged.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/international\/archive\/2016\/11\/trump-torture-soufan-fbi-al-qaeda-isis-islam\/507380\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/international\/archive\/2016\/11\/trump-torture<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/who-is-michael-flynn-trump-national-security-adviser-2016-11\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/who-is-michael-flynn-trump-national-security-adviser<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.usnews.com\/opinion\/world-report\/articles\/2016-11-11\/5-counterterrorism-recommendations-for-president-elect-donald-trump\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.usnews.com\/opinion\/world-report\/articles\/2016-11-11\/5-counterterrorism-recommendations<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thedailybeast.com\/articles\/2016\/11\/15\/u-s-officials-fear-trump-is-playing-into-terrorists-hands.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.thedailybeast.com\/articles\/2016\/11\/15\/u-s-officials-fear-trump-is-playing-into-terrorists-hands<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/national-security\/a-trump-administration-thaw-with-russia-is-unacceptable-mccain-says\/2016\/11\/15\/a3b5c4da-ab5a-11e6-8b45-f8e493f06fcd_story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/national-security\/a-trump-administration-thaw-with-russia-is-unacceptable<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><em>The views and perspectives contained in the Weekly Update are from individual contributors and external sources, and do not necessarily reflect the opinions or position of the Cordoba Foundation of Geneva. The links are neither intended as an endorsement of particular publications nor the only source for the updates, but to connect to information in the public domain, for those interested in background or further details.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>9th &#8211; 28th November 2016 Cordoba Foundation of Geneva<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":508,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-594","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-newsletter"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Cordoba Update 20\/2016 - Cordoba Peace Institute | \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-20-2016\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Cordoba Update 20\/2016 - 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