{"id":584,"date":"2016-09-06T12:41:27","date_gmt":"2016-09-06T11:41:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/2016\/09\/06\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\/"},"modified":"2023-04-27T16:14:33","modified_gmt":"2023-04-27T15:14:33","slug":"the-cordoba-update-15-2016","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\/","title":{"rendered":"The Cordoba Update 15\/2016"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- {lofimg src=\"\/images\/stories\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg\"} --><\/p>\n<div><strong>23<sup>th<\/sup> August &#8211; 5<sup>th<\/sup> September 2016<br \/><\/strong><\/div>\n<div>Cordoba Foundation of Geneva<em><br \/><\/em><\/div>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<style scoped=\"scoped\" type=\"text\/css\"><!--\ntd {\n\t\t\tbackground: #f5f4ef none repeat scroll 0 0;\n\t\t\tvertical-align: top;\n\t\t\tpadding: 6px 12px;\n\t\t}\n\t\ttd.cuintro {\n\t\t\tbackground: #F7FAFE none repeat scroll 0 0;\n\t\t}\n\t\tul {\n\t\t\tmargin: 0 0.5em 0 1em;\n\t\t\tpadding: 0;\n\t\t}\n\t\tli {\n\t\t\tmargin-bottom: 0;\n\t\t\tpadding-left: 9px;\n\t\t\ttext-align: left;\n\t\t}\n--><\/style>\n<div>\n<table border=\"0\" style=\"width: 100%;\" cellspacing=\"4\" cellpadding=\"4\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"cuintro\">\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">The bi-weekly CORDOBA UPDATE is the product of continuous monitoring work, carried out by the Cordoba Foundation of Geneva team. By analysing and reporting on key events and trends in the Foundation&rsquo;s areas of interest, we aim to draw readers&rsquo; attention to pertinent developments in North Africa, the Sahel, West Asia and Europe, which are not always covered in &lsquo;mainstream&rsquo; media.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">In addition to sharing news from these four regions, the Cordoba Update is an opportunity for the Foundation to provide regular updates on its publications, events and other developments.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">In line with the programmes and projects funded by partners of the Cordoba Foundation of Geneva, updates and information are included under the following themes:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Islamist-Secular relations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Transition and Political participation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Relations between communities of different ethnic, cultural and religious affiliations;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Violent extremism and the war on terror;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">The Cordoba Foundation of Geneva in the media;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">General information.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">For questions and\/or feedback regarding the content and form of the Cordoba Update, please contact Sarah Franck: <a href=\"mailto:sarah.franck@cordoue.ch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sarah.franck@cordoue.ch<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<hr style=\"border-top: 1px solid #cccccc; border-bottom: none; width: 50%; margin: auto;\" \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Le CORDOBA UPDATE est un bimensuel qui pr&eacute;sente le travail continu de suivi r&eacute;alis&eacute; par l&#8217;&eacute;quipe de la Fondation Cordoue de Gen&egrave;ve. Par l&rsquo;analyse des &eacute;v&eacute;nements et tendances qui concernent les domaines d&#8217;int&eacute;r&ecirc;t de la Fondation, nous visons &agrave; attirer l&#8217;attention de nos lecteurs sur les d&eacute;veloppements pertinents en Afrique du Nord, dans le Sahel, en Asie de l&rsquo;Ouest et en Europe, une actualit&eacute; qui n&rsquo;est pas toujours couverte dans les m&eacute;dias dits &lsquo;traditionnels&rsquo;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Outre le partage de l&rsquo;actualit&eacute; de ces quatre r&eacute;gions, le &laquo; Cordoba Update &raquo; est un moyen pour la Fondation de fournir des mises &agrave; jour r&eacute;guli&egrave;res sur ses publications, &eacute;v&eacute;nements et autres d&eacute;veloppements.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">En accord avec les programmes et projets financ&eacute;s par les partenaires de la Fondation Cordoue de Gen&egrave;ve, les mises &agrave; jour et informations concernent les th&egrave;mes suivants :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Relations islamistes-s&eacute;culiers ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Transition et participation politique ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Relations entre communaut&eacute;s de diff&eacute;rentes affiliations ethniques, culturelles et religieuses ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">L&#8217;extr&eacute;misme violent et la guerre contre le terrorisme ;<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">La Fondation Cordoue de Gen&egrave;ve dans les m&eacute;dias ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Information g&eacute;n&eacute;rale.<br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Pour des questions et \/ ou des commentaires concernant le contenu et la forme du Cordoba Update, veuillez contacter Sarah Franck : <a href=\"mailto:sarah.franck@cordoue.ch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sarah.franck@cordoue.ch<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>ISLAMIST-SECULAR RELATIONS \/ RELATIONS ENTRE S&Eacute;CULIERS ET ISLAMISTES<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>No contribution on this topic<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>TRANSITION AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION \/ TRANSITION ET PARTICIPATION POLITIQUE<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Egypt: 29.8.206 &#8211; 5.9.2016: Number of Prisons Increases by a Third<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Arabic Network for Human Rights Information, an Egyptian rights group, says that Egypt has built over a dozen new prisons following the military&#8217;s 2013 coup, increasing the total number of prisons in the country by a third. It says 13 new prisons have been built and three are still under construction. Egypt now has 504 places to keep people in detention &mdash; including jails and police stations. Before the 2011 uprising that ousted longtime autocrat Hosni Mubarak, Egypt had a total of 43 prisons.<\/p>\n<p>On August 29, a medical student named Ahmed Kamal died after being arrested by police forces, with his family accusing the security apparatus of torturing him to death. His family says that Kamal was sentenced to two-years in prison in absentia for protest-related charges. Ibrahim Halawa (a student from Firhouse, Dublin, who is currently imprisoned in Egypt where he faces a potential death sentence in a mass trial) wrote in the Guardian that &#8220;there are two types of abuse in prison in Egypt: mental and physical. Verbal abuse doesn&#8217;t even count. If I had to choose, I would always choose the physical abuse &ndash; anything mental is 100 times worse.&#8221; According to El Nadeem Centre for the Rehabilitation of Victims of Violence&#8217;s monthly report for August, thirty prisoners are in poor health or previous medical conditions have worsened, while 76 others are subject to torture and ill-treatment. Mohamed Anwar al-Sadat, nephew of Egypt&#8217;s former president, has resigned as chairman of a parliamentary panel in protest at what he says are failings by the authorities to address human rights abuses.<\/p>\n<p>Meanwhile, the government has brought in a new law to silence and discipline the police. The Egyptian parliament, packed with Sisi supporters, recently passed a controversial law barring police from speaking to the media or disseminating any information related to their work to the public. The law also banned policemen from forming any independent movements, unions and associations of any form and from organizing protests or strikes. To absorb the public discontent from the police&#8217;s rising abuses, the law also demanded police respect human rights &#8211; as if they are not supposed to respect human rights in the first place. Police officers who break the law would face unspecified prison terms or fines of up to 20,000 Egyptian pounds ($2,252).<\/p>\n<p><em>For more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.foxnews.com\/world\/2016\/09\/05\/egypt-built-dozen-prisons-since-2013-ouster-islamist.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.foxnews.com\/world\/2016\/09\/05\/egypt-built-dozen-prisons-since-2013-ouster-islamist<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/commentisfree\/2016\/sep\/02\/prison-egypt-stripped-beaten-witness-torture-egypt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/commentisfree\/2016\/sep\/02\/prison-egypt-stripped-beaten-witness<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dailynewsegypt.com\/2016\/08\/31\/new-victim-police-brutality-found-dead-arrest\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.dailynewsegypt.com\/2016\/08\/31\/new-victim-police-brutality-found-dead-arrest<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.reprieve.org.uk\/case-study\/ibrahim-halawa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.reprieve.org.uk\/case-study\/ibrahim-halawa<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thetimes.co.uk\/article\/sadat-quits-egypt-parliamentary-panel-over-human-rights-abuses-5n6wcgc30\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.thetimes.co.uk\/article\/sadat-quits-egypt-parliamentary-panel-over-human-rights<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dailynewsegypt.com\/2016\/09\/05\/544436\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.dailynewsegypt.com\/2016\/09\/05\/544436<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/columns\/why-sisi-s-government-so-afraid-egypt-s-police-2022863296\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/columns\/why-sisi-s-government-so-afraid-egypt-s-police<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mali, 07.09.16 : Les femmes maliennes au c&oelig;ur du processus de paix malgr&eacute; leur exclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A l&#8217;initiative de l&#8217;Ambassade d&#8217;Espagne au Mali, des acteurs du processus de paix ont &eacute;chang&eacute; avec des acteurs de la soci&eacute;t&eacute; civile dont des associations f&eacute;minines, mardi 06 septembre, &agrave; Bamako. Il ressort des d&eacute;bats que la femme malienne, bien qu&#8217;elle soit au c&oelig;ur du conflit au Mali, est mise &agrave; l&#8217;&eacute;cart dans la recherche d&#8217;une solution de sortie de crise au Mali.<\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;Ambassade d&#8217;Espagne au Mali a initi&eacute; un d&eacute;bat ouvert, mercredi 06 septembre &agrave; l&#8217;Ecole de Maintien de la Paix, sur l&#8217;application de la r&eacute;solution 1325 du Conseil de S&eacute;curit&eacute; de l&#8217;ONU.<\/p>\n<p>Les femmes payent un lourd tribut &agrave; la grave crise que traverse le Mali. Cependant, elles sont rel&eacute;gu&eacute;es au second plan dans la qu&ecirc;te d&#8217;une solution idoine de sortie de crise, cela depuis la d&eacute;but des pourparlers inter-maliens. C&#8217;est ce qui ressort de ce d&eacute;bat ouvert intitul&eacute; &laquo; Femmes, Paix et S&eacute;curit&eacute; &raquo;. Pourtant, la femme est incontournable dans le processus de paix, selon le Secr&eacute;taire G&eacute;n&eacute;ral du minist&egrave;re de la promotion des femmes Mohamed Attaher Maiga qui mentionne leur participation &agrave; la fois &agrave; l&#8217;&eacute;valuation de l&#8217;ancien plan d&#8217;action national et &agrave; l&#8217;&eacute;laboration du nouveau plan.<\/p>\n<p>S&#8217;exprimant sur les cons&eacute;quences du conflit pour les femmes au Mali, Mme Saran Keita Diakit&eacute;, la pr&eacute;sidente du R&eacute;seau Paix et S&eacute;curit&eacute; des Femmes de l&#8217;espace CEDEAO, a expliqu&eacute; que la crise a impact&eacute; n&eacute;gativement la vie des femmes sur l&#8217;ensemble du territoire et en particulier les r&eacute;gions Nord du Mali. &laquo;Il y a eu des d&eacute;placements massifs, des violences physiques, des violences sexuelles, psychologiques, &eacute;conomiques et culturelles. Pr&egrave;s de 300 000 personnes dont 75% sont des femmes et des enfants ont fui les r&eacute;gions du Nord et du Centre vers le Sud et les pays voisins devenant ainsi des d&eacute;plac&eacute;s et des refugi&eacute;s. Ces femmes et ces enfants vivent aujourd&#8217;hui dans la pr&eacute;carit&eacute; extr&ecirc;me. Une grande partie d&#8217;entre eux ayant perdu leur autonomie et leur fiert&eacute; &raquo;, a-t-elle d&eacute;taill&eacute;, avant d&#8217;ajouter : &laquo; Les violences sexuelles sont les plus d&eacute;vastatrices parmi les violences faites aux femmes. Plus de 300 cas de viols ont &eacute;t&eacute; recens&eacute;s dans les zones occup&eacute;s. Cependant leur implication dans le processus de recherche et de la consolidation de la paix au Mali reste marginale &raquo;.<\/p>\n<p>Dans une interview pr&eacute;sentant son bilan des trois ann&eacute;es pass&eacute;es au pouvoir, le Pr&eacute;sident de la R&eacute;publique du Mali, Monsieur Ibrahim Boubacar Keita a notamment &eacute;voqu&eacute; la question du quota des femmes aux postes nominatifs et &eacute;lectifs. Il a &eacute;galement parl&eacute; de sant&eacute;, de d&eacute;veloppement rural ainsi que du r&ocirc;le de la mission Onusienne, la MINUSMA, dans le Nord Mali. Selon lui, certaines victoires ont &eacute;t&eacute; enregistr&eacute;es notamment dans la r&eacute;gion de Kidal o&ugrave;, selon lui, &laquo; depuis la signature de l&#8217;accord de paix, l&#8217;arm&eacute;e malienne n&#8217;a jamais &eacute;t&eacute; face &agrave; un groupe arm&eacute; &raquo; ce qui repr&eacute;sente un &laquo; gain &raquo;. De plus, concernant le mandat de la MINUSMA, les demandes des maliens r&eacute;clamant une plus grande intervention, notamment lorsque des attaques ont lieu, auraient &eacute;t&eacute; entendues.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&#8217;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-processus-de-paix-au-mali-les-femmes-les-oubliees-dans-la-recherche-de-solution\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-processus-de-paix-au-mali-les-femmes-les-oubliees<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-ibk-lors-de-la-grande-interview-sur-le-bilan-de-ses-trois-ans-au-pouvoir-aujourdhui-kidal-connait-dautres-types-de-problemes-qui-nous-interpellent-aussi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-ibk-lors-de-la-grande-interview-sur-le-bilan-de-ses-trois-ans-au-pouvoir<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Morocco: 23 August &ndash; 07 Sep 2016: Scrambling to Attract Salafis<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A month ahead of the legislative elections on 7 October Salafis emerged as important actors in the Moroccan political landscape. If the rapprochement between the Salafi figure Abdelouahab Rafiqui (Abou Hafs) and the Istiqlal Party has increased gradually since the beginning of the year, it was the announcement of the PJD, in late August, that Salafi scholar Hammad Kabbaj would lead the Muslim Brotherhood party&#8217;s electoral list in Marrakech that took many by surprise. Although Kabbaj dedicates his time and effort to Islamic studies and preaching he has increasingly started to delve into politics since 2011, but without direct political participation. Morocco&#8217;s historic political party Istiqlal (founded in 1925) has been reaching out to Salafis since last January. In March the party organised a conference on Moroccan Salafism and its nationalist movement roots, where Rafiqui Abou Hafs and Mohammed Fizazi presented on the topic, making links to the party&#8217;s historic founder Allal Al Fassi. Other smaller parties such as the Neo-Democrats Party of Mohammed Drif and Mahmoud Harchane&#8217;s Socialist and Democratic Movement have been in talks with former Salafi prisoners to enlist them in their new parties (see Cordoba Update No. 2\/2016 and Cordoba Update 16.11.2015). Rafiqui Abou Hafs told the press that lack of party resources and perspective to reach a solution for current and fo\/rmer Salafi prisoners had compelled him and thirty of his Salafi colleagues to leave the Renaissance and Virtue Party (which they joined in June 2013) and support the Istiqlal Party. Rafiqui, who will lead the Istiqlal electoral list in Fes, explained that his main work within the party would be to promote a Moroccan version of Salafism that is grounded in the kingdom&#8217;s history and tradition. He said that the Istiqlal party is a natural ideological partner and he thought that the party is the best equipped to find a solution to the pending dossier of the 2003 Salafi prisoners and the social re-integration of those who had completed their time in prison or were pardoned by the King.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/leconomiste.com\/article\/1002096-kabbaj-le-candidat-pjd-qui-fait-peur\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/leconomiste.com\/article\/1002096-kabbaj-le-candidat-pjd-qui-fait-peur<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.medias24.com\/MAROC\/NATION\/POLITIQUE\/166213-Mercato-politique-l-Istiqlal-veut-seduire-deux-grandes-figures-salafistes.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.medias24.com\/MAROC\/NATION\/POLITIQUE\/166213-Mercato-politique<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/telquel.ma\/2016\/06\/03\/abou-hafs-prochain-joker-du-parti-listiqlal_1500136\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/telquel.ma\/2016\/06\/03\/abou-hafs-prochain-joker-du-parti-listiqlal<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.leconomiste.com\/article\/998340-l-istiqlal-ressuscite-le-salafisme-de-allal-el-fassi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.leconomiste.com\/article\/998340-l-istiqlal-ressuscite-le-salafisme-de-allal-el-fassi<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lopinion.ma\/def.asp?codelangue=23&amp;id_info=51636\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lopinion.ma\/def.asp?codelangue=23&amp;id_info=51636<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.le360.ma\/politique\/darif-les-nouveaux-democrates-soutenus-par-chiites-et-salafistes-32023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/fr.le360.ma\/politique\/darif-les-nouveaux-democrates-soutenus-par-chiites-et-salafistes<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/cordoue.ch\/the-cordoba-update\/item\/418\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/cordoue.ch\/the-cordoba-update\/item\/418<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 11px;\">Cordoba Update No. 2\/2016<\/span><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/cordoue.ch\/the-cordoba-update\/item\/410\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/cordoue.ch\/the-cordoba-update\/item\/410<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 11px;\">Cordoba Update 16.11.2015<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>RELATIONS BETWEEN COMMUNITIES OF DIFFERENT ETHNIC, CULTURAL AND RELIGIOUS AFFILIATIONS \/ <br \/>RELATIONS ENTRE COMMUNAUT&Eacute;S DE DIFF&Eacute;RENTES AFFILIATIONS ETHNIQUES, CULTURELLES ET RELIGIEUSES<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>France-Europe, 05.09.16, La France en mal identitaire<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Alors que la pol&eacute;mique sur le burkini ne fait plus l&agrave; une des m&eacute;dias, le d&eacute;bat semble s&#8217;&ecirc;tre recentr&eacute; sur des questions plus profondes, li&eacute;es entre autres au vivre ensemble et &agrave; la reconnaissance, ou non reconnaissance, d&#8217;appartenir &agrave; la soci&eacute;t&eacute; fran&ccedil;aise. De nombreux journaux et autres m&eacute;dias ont en effet abord&eacute; les questions de genre et droits de la femme mais aussi celle de la discrimination et stigmatisation d&#8217;une frange de la soci&eacute;t&eacute;.<\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;article paru dans le New York Times intitul&eacute; &laquo; Regards &#8216;chang&eacute;s&#8217; et &#8216;langues d&eacute;li&eacute;es&#8217; : Des musulmanes &eacute;voquent l&#8217;Europe d&#8217;aujourd&#8217;hui &raquo; a provoqu&eacute; de vives r&eacute;actions en France car l&#8217;article expose de mani&egrave;re d&eacute;complex&eacute;e le regard de femmes musulmanes Fran&ccedil;aises et Belges sur leur soci&eacute;t&eacute;. Des femmes n&#8217;h&eacute;sitant pas &agrave; &eacute;voquer leur d&eacute;sir de quitter leur pays d&#8217;origine car elles y auraient v&eacute;cu l&#8217;humiliation, les insultes ou parce qu&#8217;elles ont &laquo; peur &raquo; et se sentent menac&eacute;es.<\/p>\n<p>Le premier ministre Manuel Valls, a rapidement r&eacute;agi &agrave; cet article dans une tribune parue dans le Huffington Post. Dans cette derni&egrave;re, il met en avant les valeurs de la France et red&eacute;finit entre autres la notion de &laquo; la&iuml;cit&eacute; &agrave; la Fran&ccedil;aise &raquo;. Il r&eacute;fute en outre que le burkini serait un moyen de &laquo; lib&eacute;ration de la femme &raquo; car selon lui &laquo; Le burkini n&#8217;est pas une tenue de bain anodine. C&#8217;est une provocation, l&#8217;islamisme radical qui surgit et veut s&#8217;imposer dans l&#8217;espace public &raquo;. Il semblerait cependant que cet argumentaire liant la question du port du burkini &agrave; l&#8217;activisme islamiste radical soit vain et impuissant &agrave; r&eacute;sorber une rupture d&eacute;j&agrave; trop engag&eacute;e entre deux syst&egrave;mes de pens&eacute;e.<\/p>\n<p>Le d&eacute;bat semble d&#8217;ailleurs avoir envenim&eacute; la situation et il est av&eacute;r&eacute; que la condition des musulmans en France s&#8217;est d&eacute;grad&eacute;e, les actes islamophobes s&#8217;&eacute;tant multipli&eacute;s ces derni&egrave;res semaines (pour plus d&#8217;information voir notamment l&#8217;Observatoire des actes islamophobes, Lib&eacute;ration)<\/p>\n<p>Les Haut-Commissariat des Nations Unies aux Droits de l&#8217;Homme (OHCHR) a d&#8217;ailleurs d&eacute;clar&eacute; dans un communiqu&eacute; que &laquo; ces d&eacute;crets n&#8217;am&eacute;liorent pas la situation s&eacute;curitaire ; ils tendent au contraire &agrave; alimenter l&#8217;intol&eacute;rance religieuse et la stigmatisation des personnes de confession musulmane en France, en particulier les femmes &raquo;. Par rapport aux questions de genre, le communiqu&eacute; souligne que &laquo; l&#8217;&eacute;galit&eacute; de genres ne peut &ecirc;tre obtenue en limitant les libert&eacute;s individuelles ou en r&eacute;glementant les v&ecirc;tements que les femmes d&eacute;cident de porter &raquo;.<\/p>\n<p>Pour Hossam Shaker, chercheur, auteur et contributeur pour le journal Middle East Eye, le climat actuel rappelle des heures sombres de l&#8217;histoire du XIXe si&egrave;cle et, faisant &eacute;cho &agrave; la th&eacute;orie de Tocqueville &eacute;voquant le risque de la tyrannie de la majorit&eacute;, il souligne dans son article Maillots de bain et foulards : quand l&#8217;Europe retombe au XIXe si&egrave;cle : &laquo; C&#8217;est un monumental retour en arri&egrave;re, tant dans la culture que dans les valeurs, que d&#8217;inviter la &laquo; majorit&eacute; &raquo; &agrave; voter pour les droits d&#8217;une &laquo; minorit&eacute; &raquo; &raquo;. Il questionne en outre &laquo; la logique dans le fait d&#8217;isoler une minorit&eacute; et de soumettre &agrave; un r&eacute;f&eacute;rendum tout ce qui la concerne ? &raquo;. Selon lui, ce d&eacute;bat questionnant le droit ou non de porter une tenue de bain, qu&#8217;il qualifie d&#8217;ailleurs de &laquo; culture de l&#8217;interdit &raquo;, serait partie prenante d&#8217;une strat&eacute;gie politique, voire politicienne, visant &agrave; &laquo; monter les gens les uns contre les autres &raquo; alors que l&#8217;&eacute;lection pr&eacute;sidentielle fran&ccedil;aise approche &agrave; grand pas.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&#8217;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/09\/03\/world\/europe\/burkini-musulmans-france-belgique.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/09\/03\/world\/europe\/burkini-musulmans-france-belgique<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.fr\/manuel-valls\/manuel-valls-interdiction-burkini-islam-laicite_b_11865808.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.fr\/manuel-valls\/manuel-valls-interdiction-burkini-islam-laicite<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/columns\/no-liberty-no-equality-and-no-fraternity-death-french-secularism-1248910892\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/columns\/no-liberty-no-equality-and-no-fraternity<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/FR\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=20430&amp;LangID=F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/FR\/NewsEvents\/Pages\/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=20430<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/direct\/element\/des-meres-deleves-voilees-empechees-dentrer-dans-une-ecole-pour-la-rentree_46722\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/direct\/element\/des-meres-deleves-voilees-empechees-dentrer-dans-une-ecole<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/apps\/2016\/08\/actes-islamophobes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/apps\/2016\/08\/actes-islamophobes\/<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/fr\/opinions\/maillots-de-bain-et-foulards-quand-l-europe-retombe-au-xixe-si-cle-1228907502\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/fr\/opinions\/maillots-de-bain-et-foulards-quand-l-europe-retombe-au-xixe<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mauritanie, 06.09.16 : Le leader de l&#8217;IRA sollicite le soutien des pays africains dans la lutte contre l&#8217;esclavage<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Le pr&eacute;sident de l&#8217;Initiative pour la R&eacute;surgence du Mouvement Abolitionniste en Mauritanie (IRA-Mauritanie, non reconnu), Biram Dah Abeid, a entam&eacute; depuis plus d&#8217;un mois une tourn&eacute;e africaine dont l&#8217;objectif serait la sensibilisation des populations et des responsables des pays visit&eacute;s sur la probl&eacute;matique de l&#8217;esclavage en Mauritanie.<\/p>\n<p>Durant cette tourn&eacute;e, le pr&eacute;sident de l&#8217;IRA, rel&acirc;ch&eacute; en mai apr&egrave;s avoir purg&eacute; 18 mois de prison, s&#8217;est notamment rendu au S&eacute;n&eacute;gal, en Guin&eacute;e, en C&ocirc;te d&#8217;Ivoire, au Burkina, au Niger et au Mali.<\/p>\n<p>Au cours d&#8217;une conf&eacute;rence de presse anim&eacute;e le 1er septembre 2016 &agrave; l&#8217;h&ocirc;tel Radisson Blu de Bamako, Biram Dah BEID a fait savoir que l&#8217;objectif de son Mouvement est de lutter contre l&#8217;esclavage, le racisme et toutes autres formes d&#8217;oppressions. Il a, par la m&ecirc;me occasion, invit&eacute; les pays africains &agrave; prendre au s&eacute;rieux la question de l&#8217;esclavage et du racisme en Mauritanie.<\/p>\n<p>Biram a d&eacute;nonc&eacute; l&#8217;acharnement de l&#8217;Etat contre les leaders et militants de son mouvement dont un groupe vient d&#8217;&ecirc;tre condamn&eacute; &agrave; de lourdes peines de prison suite &agrave; une manifestation qui a d&eacute;g&eacute;n&eacute;r&eacute;, causant la blessure de policiers et la destruction d&#8217;&eacute;difices publics et de biens priv&eacute;s. Cette manifestation en protestation contre le d&eacute;logement de familles haratines (de souche ex-esclaves), d&#8217;un squat qu&#8217;elles occupaient depuis des ann&eacute;es, sans solution de substitution.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&#8217;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=688401\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=688401<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=688417\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=688417<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=688377\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=688377<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>VIOLENT EXTREMISM AND THE WAR ON TERROR \/ EXTR&Eacute;MISME VIOLENT ET LA GUERRE CONTRE LA TERREUR<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Cross- regional, 2-5.9.2016: Failed War on Terror<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>John Arquilla, a professor at the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, wrote in the San Francisco Chronicle that &#8220;the global war on terror has turned into terror&#8217;s war on the world,&#8221; and that &#8220;the &#8220;global war on terror&#8221; launched by President George W. Bush has failed.&#8221; He added that according to one of the most rigorously compiled databases, maintained by scholars at the University of Maryland, there were just under 2,000 terrorist attacks that resulted in about 14,000 deaths and injuries in 2001. By 2015, that number had risen to nearly 15,000 attacks with more than 80,000 casualties &mdash; a sevenfold increase in incidents and a more than fivefold rise in combined deaths and injuries.<\/p>\n<p>Ex-CIA analyst Paul R. Pillar wrote that Donald Trump has urged a new &#8220;war on terror&#8221; that brings back torture and seeks revenge on terrorists&#8217; families, but another problem with the Republican nominee&#8217;s approach is his exaggeration of the danger. Pillar considers that &#8220;much of Donald Trump&#8217;s recent speech on terrorism left one to wonder how what he was proposing would differ from current practices he supposedly was criticizing.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>In Europe, Italy declares a &#8216;Cultural&#8217; War on Terror. Starting September 2016, Italian teens will receive money from the government in the hope that it will help change their perspective and keep them from becoming extremists. Eighteen-year-olds living in the country will be eligible to receive vouchers totaling more than $500 per person per month for cultural and artistic events. The government plans on raising defense and security spending by over $1 billion, but it also plans on spending that same amount on culture.<\/p>\n<p><em>Links for more information:<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sfchronicle.com\/opinion\/article\/The-war-on-terror-is-now-terror-s-war-on-the-9200890.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.sfchronicle.com\/opinion\/article\/The-war-on-terror-is-now-terror-s-war-on-the<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.newsy.com\/videos\/italy-to-give-teens-money-in-cultural-war-on-terror\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.newsy.com\/videos\/italy-to-give-teens-money-in-cultural-war-on-terror<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/consortiumnews.com\/2016\/08\/21\/trump-hypes-a-new-war-on-terror\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/consortiumnews.com\/2016\/08\/21\/trump-hypes-a-new-war-on-terror<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mali, 03.09.2016 : Attaque contre la ville de Boni, limogeage du ministre de la d&eacute;fense et n&eacute;gociations parall&egrave;les<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Un groupe arm&eacute; se r&eacute;clamant du groupe An&ccedil;ar Dine et du Front de lib&eacute;ration du Macina (FLM) a attaqu&eacute;, tr&egrave;s t&ocirc;t dans la journ&eacute;e du 1er septembre, la ville malienne de Boni (nord-ouest). Face &agrave; l&#8217;ampleur de l&#8217;attaque, les unit&eacute;s de l&#8217;arm&eacute;e r&eacute;guli&egrave;re se sont retir&eacute;es vers le sud, laissant la ville aux assaillants. Ces derniers ont occup&eacute; les locaux de l&#8217;administration, et se seraient adonn&eacute;s au pillage. Rest&eacute;s sur place pendant 24 heures, ils ont ensuite quitt&eacute; la ville, emportant avec eux un &eacute;lu local.<\/p>\n<p>Outr&eacute; par l&#8217;incapacit&eacute; des unit&eacute;s de l&#8217;arm&eacute;e malienne &agrave; faire face &agrave; la situation, le pr&eacute;sident malien, Ibrahim Boubacar Keita a d&eacute;cid&eacute; du limogeage du ministre de la D&eacute;fense, Hubert Thieman Coulibably, port&eacute; responsable de cette nouvelle d&eacute;b&acirc;cle de l&#8217;arm&eacute;e face aux groupes arm&eacute;es au nord.<\/p>\n<p>Par ailleurs, le pr&ecirc;cheur Cherif Ousmane Madani Ha&iuml;dara a &eacute;t&eacute; d&eacute;sign&eacute; officieusement par l&#8217;Etat malien, pour mener des n&eacute;gociations avec les groupes arm&eacute;s afin de rapprocher les positions, pour une rapide mise en &oelig;uvre des Accords d&#8217;Alger. Une r&eacute;union regroupant les repr&eacute;sentants des groupes s&#8217;est tenue, le 03 septembre, au domicile du pr&ecirc;cheur. Et de commun accord, les participants, dans la dynamique de la paix et de la r&eacute;conciliation nationale, ont d&eacute;cid&eacute; de se retrouver tous &agrave; Kidal pour y c&eacute;l&eacute;brer la f&ecirc;te de Tabaski initialement pr&eacute;vue pour le 12 septembre prochain.<\/p>\n<p>Durant la semaine du 27 ao&ucirc;t 2016, une autre rencontre entre Abdoul Majid Ag Mohamed Ahmad dit Nasser, chef de la tribu Kel-Antessar et El Hadj Gamou (Imghad) a &eacute;t&eacute; organis&eacute;e. Le premier &eacute;tait accompagn&eacute; d&#8217;une forte d&eacute;l&eacute;gation de communaut&eacute;s affili&eacute;es, &agrave; savoir les repr&eacute;sentants des Chamanamas, des Dawsahak, etc. Les deux parties engag&eacute;es dans le GATIA ou la Plateforme seraient parvenues &agrave; un accord, voire une alliance visant &agrave; mettre fin aux vell&eacute;it&eacute;s de la CMA et affid&eacute;s, en vue de &laquo; lib&eacute;rer d&eacute;finitivement Kidal du joug des Ifoghas &raquo;.<\/p>\n<p>Sur le terrain, au nord, le MNLA, principal groupe au sein de la CMA, connait de nombreuses d&eacute;fections. Moussa Ag Acharatoumane et Assalat Ag Habi, deux principales figures de proue, ont d&eacute;cid&eacute; de quitter et de cr&eacute;er leur propre groupe arm&eacute; d&eacute;nomm&eacute; &laquo; Mouvement pour le salut de l&#8217;Azawad (MSA) &raquo;. Un mouvement, dit-on, proche de la Plateforme et de Gamou.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&#8217;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-limogeage-du-ministre-tieman-hubert-coulibaly-cest-de-bonne-guerre\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-limogeage-du-ministre-tieman-hubert-coulibaly-cest-de-bonne-guerre<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-de-la-ruine-a-la-restauration-larmee-malienne-se-releve-petit-a-petit-de-sa-lethargie-provoquee\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-de-la-ruine-a-la-restauration-larmee-malienne-se-releve-petit-a-petit<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-cherif-ousmane-madani-haidara-le-mediateur-officieux-entre-le-gatia-et-la-cma-imminente-implosion-du-mnla\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/maliactu.net\/mali-cherif-ousmane-madani-haidara-le-mediateur-officieux-entre-le-gatia-et-la-cma<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/maliactu.net\/centre-du-mali-le-gouvernement-promet-de-renforcer-la-securite\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/maliactu.net\/centre-du-mali-le-gouvernement-promet-de-renforcer-la-securite<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/la-situation-politique-et-securitaire-au-nord\/tabou-processus-de-paix-a-profite-linsecurite-1774612.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.maliweb.net\/la-situation-politique-et-securitaire-au-nord\/tabou-processus-de-paix<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Niger, 06.09.2016 : Craintes sur la naissance d&#8217;une nouvelle r&eacute;bellion et attentats de Boko Haram<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Selon des sources de presse, Adam Tchakey, un ex-lieutenant du c&eacute;l&egrave;bre Barka Wardougou (qui dirigea un soul&egrave;vement toubou dans les ann&eacute;es 1990), s&#8217;acheminerait vers la ressuscitation d&#8217;une nouvelle r&eacute;bellion regroupant des toubous et des touar&egrave;gues. Dans une vid&eacute;o, ce septuag&eacute;naire annonce la r&eacute;activation de son Mouvement pour la justice et la r&eacute;habilitation du Niger, fond&eacute; en 2008, et entour&eacute; de quatre hommes arm&eacute;s il menace d&#8217;attaquer le Niger. Selon une source proche de la pr&eacute;sidence, Tchakey se trouverait dans le sud de la Libye.<\/p>\n<p>Face &agrave; ce nouveau d&eacute;veloppement, une source gouvernementale parle d&#8217;un &laquo; non-&eacute;v&eacute;nement &raquo;, assure cette source. Les sp&eacute;cialistes de la r&eacute;gion se montrent plus mesur&eacute;s. &laquo; Les Toubous sont nombreux dans le sud de la Libye, et arm&eacute;s. Tchakey pourrait en attirer quelques-uns, surtout s&#8217;il est financ&eacute; par des hommes d&#8217;affaires. Et il n&#8217;est pas impossible qu&#8217;il rallie des Touaregs &raquo;, affirme un Toubou du Tchad, cit&eacute; par Jeune Afrique.<\/p>\n<p>Par ailleurs, cinq villageois ont &eacute;t&eacute; tu&eacute;s et deux autres bless&eacute;s dans une attaque men&eacute;e, le 03 septembre 2016, par le groupe islamiste nig&eacute;rian Boko Haram dans la r&eacute;gion de Diffa (sud-est du Niger), selon le gouverneur de cette r&eacute;gion frontali&egrave;re du Nigeria. &laquo; Cinq personnes ont &eacute;t&eacute; tu&eacute;es et deux autres ont &eacute;t&eacute; bless&eacute;s &agrave; Toumour (75 km au nord de Diffa) par des &eacute;l&eacute;ments infiltr&eacute;s de Boko Haram dans la nuit de vendredi &agrave; samedi &raquo;, a affirm&eacute; Dan Dano Mahaman Laouali, gouverneur de Diffa. C&#8217;est la premi&egrave;re attaque dans l&#8217;Est depuis d&eacute;but juin lorsque Boko Haram avait lanc&eacute; une offensive d&#8217;envergure avant d&#8217;&ecirc;tre repouss&eacute; par un d&eacute;ploiement de forces militaires.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&#8217;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/mag\/354499\/politique\/niger-rebellion-gestation%e2%80%89\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/mag\/354499\/politique\/niger-rebellion-gestation<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/depeches\/354546\/politique\/niger-5-morts-lors-de-premiere-attaque-de-boko-haram-lest-3-mois\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.jeuneafrique.com\/depeches\/354546\/politique\/niger-5-morts-lors-de-premiere-attaque<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mauritanie-France, 07.09.16 : Un ancien de la DGSE reconna&icirc;t le soutien des services secrets fran&ccedil;ais &agrave; la Mauritanie, lors d&#8217;une op&eacute;ration militaire en juillet 2010 au nord Mali<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bernard Bardier, ex-responsable de la direction technique (2006-2014) au niveau de la Direction G&eacute;n&eacute;rale de S&eacute;curit&eacute; Ext&eacute;rieure (DGSE) s&#8217;est livr&eacute; lors d&#8217;un expos&eacute; (cet &eacute;t&eacute; 2016) &agrave; plusieurs r&eacute;v&eacute;lations sur le monde feutr&eacute; des renseignements. L&#8217;ancien &laquo; homme fort &raquo; des renseignements fran&ccedil;ais est revenu, entre autres, sur l&#8217;&eacute;change d&#8217;informations et d&#8217;aide de la France &agrave; la Mauritanie, dans la lutte contre le terrorisme au Sahel.<\/p>\n<p>Selon lui, &agrave; l&#8217;&eacute;t&eacute; 2010 les autorit&eacute;s mauritaniennes ont lanc&eacute; une op&eacute;ration anti-terroriste contre Al Qaida au Maghreb Islamique (AQMI) avec l&#8217;appui logistique et technique de l&#8217;arm&eacute;e fran&ccedil;aise.<\/p>\n<p>A l&#8217;&eacute;poque, le ministre fran&ccedil;ais de la d&eacute;fense d&#8217;alors Herve Morin, justifiait la participation fran&ccedil;aise par le fait que &laquo; le groupe terroriste &raquo; voulait s&#8217;en prendre &agrave; la Mauritanie contrairement aux affirmations de Bernard Bardier qui, lui, parle d&#8217;une tentative d&#8217;attentat contre l&#8217;ambassade de France en Mauritanie.<\/p>\n<p>D&#8217;autres sources justifiaient la participation fran&ccedil;aise dans cette op&eacute;ration militaire par le fait que la DGSE se doutait de la pr&eacute;sence de l&#8217;otage fran&ccedil;ais Michel Germaneau &#8211; dont l&#8217;ultimatum fix&eacute; au 12 juillet 2010 par les ravisseurs avait expir&eacute; &#8211; dans ce camp d&#8217;AQMI.<\/p>\n<p><em>Liens pour plus d&#8217;informations :<\/em><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=688409\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=688409<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=688427\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=688427<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=688282\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=688282<\/a><br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=688424\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/cridem.org\/C_Info.php?article=688424<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #902323;\"><strong>EVENT<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Monday 5 September 2016, Launch event: New publication by Steven Leach &#8220;Preventing violence: community-based approaches to Early Warning and Early Response&#8221;, Graduate Institute of Geneva.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>On Monday 5 September 2016, the Cordoba Foundation of Geneva (CFG), in partnership with the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA) and the Center for Security Studies (CSS) ETH Zurich, organized an event to promote the publication of &#8220;Preventing violence: community-based approaches to Early Warning and Early Response&#8221;, by Steven Leach. The event took place at the Graduate Institute of Geneva.<\/p>\n<p>The lessons and examples provided in this publication show how community-based early warning and early response mechanisms can play a transformative role, providing the frame and space for a structured, inclusive dialogue. Community-based approaches teach us that peace is a long process based on relationships, where people are included in their diversity and where the local actors themselves find creative ways to handle conflicts without the use of violence.<\/p>\n<p>This launch was well-attended and following his presentation the author responded to a number of interesting questions regarding Early Warning and Early Response mechanisms.<\/p>\n<p>Publication available on: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.css.ethz.ch\/en\/publications\/search.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.css.ethz.ch\/en\/publications\/search.html<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><em>The views and perspectives contained in the Weekly Update are from individual contributors and external sources, and do not necessarily reflect the opinions or position of the Cordoba Foundation of Geneva. The links are neither intended as an endorsement of particular publications nor the only source for the updates, but to connect to information in the public domain, for those interested in background or further details.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>23th August &#8211; 5th September 2016 Cordoba Foundation of Geneva<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":508,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-584","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-newsletter"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Cordoba Update 15\/2016 - Cordoba Peace Institute | \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Cordoba Update 15\/2016 - Cordoba Peace Institute | \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"23th August &#8211; 5th September 2016 Cordoba Foundation of Geneva\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Cordoba Peace Institute | \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-09-06T11:41:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-04-27T15:14:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/08\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"420\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"C\u00f2rdoba Geneva\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"C\u00f2rdoba Geneva\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"24 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"C\u00f2rdoba Geneva\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0a76d9365b1b8c6b5265567c49ee79df\"},\"headline\":\"The Cordoba Update 15\\\/2016\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-09-06T11:41:27+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-04-27T15:14:33+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":4973,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2015\\\/08\\\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ar\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\\\/\",\"name\":\"The Cordoba Update 15\\\/2016 - Cordoba Peace Institute | \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2015\\\/08\\\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-09-06T11:41:27+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-04-27T15:14:33+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2015\\\/08\\\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2015\\\/08\\\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg\",\"width\":420,\"height\":300},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"The Cordoba Update 15\\\/2016\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/\",\"name\":\"Cordoba Peace Institute - Geneva CPI | \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\",\"description\":\"CPI Geneva | \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645  | 20 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 | \",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ar\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"CPI - Geneva | \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2025\\\/12\\\/CPI-Geneva-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2025\\\/12\\\/CPI-Geneva-1.png\",\"width\":740,\"height\":740,\"caption\":\"CPI - Geneva | \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0a76d9365b1b8c6b5265567c49ee79df\",\"name\":\"C\u00f2rdoba Geneva\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/cf6a4ecb9e914acddd89e4c4cbc3c6fdccfd6614c26ec3023ce0173515d50eff?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/cf6a4ecb9e914acddd89e4c4cbc3c6fdccfd6614c26ec3023ce0173515d50eff?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/cf6a4ecb9e914acddd89e4c4cbc3c6fdccfd6614c26ec3023ce0173515d50eff?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"C\u00f2rdoba Geneva\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cpi-geneva.org\\\/ar\\\/author\\\/corwebmaster\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The Cordoba Update 15\/2016 - Cordoba Peace Institute | \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\/","og_locale":"ar_AR","og_type":"article","og_title":"The Cordoba Update 15\/2016 - Cordoba Peace Institute | \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629","og_description":"23th August &#8211; 5th September 2016 Cordoba Foundation of Geneva","og_url":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\/","og_site_name":"Cordoba Peace Institute | \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629","article_published_time":"2016-09-06T11:41:27+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-04-27T15:14:33+00:00","og_image":[{"width":420,"height":300,"url":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/08\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"C\u00f2rdoba Geneva","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629":"C\u00f2rdoba Geneva","\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631":"24 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\/"},"author":{"name":"C\u00f2rdoba Geneva","@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/#\/schema\/person\/0a76d9365b1b8c6b5265567c49ee79df"},"headline":"The Cordoba Update 15\/2016","datePublished":"2016-09-06T11:41:27+00:00","dateModified":"2023-04-27T15:14:33+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\/"},"wordCount":4973,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/08\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg","articleSection":["\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629"],"inLanguage":"ar"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\/","url":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\/","name":"The Cordoba Update 15\/2016 - Cordoba Peace Institute | \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/08\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg","datePublished":"2016-09-06T11:41:27+00:00","dateModified":"2023-04-27T15:14:33+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ar","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/08\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/08\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg","width":420,"height":300},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/the-cordoba-update-15-2016\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"The Cordoba Update 15\/2016"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/#website","url":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/","name":"Cordoba Peace Institute - Geneva CPI | \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629","description":"CPI Geneva | \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645  | 20 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 | ","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ar"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/#organization","name":"CPI - Geneva | \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629","url":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/12\/CPI-Geneva-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/12\/CPI-Geneva-1.png","width":740,"height":740,"caption":"CPI - Geneva | \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/#\/schema\/person\/0a76d9365b1b8c6b5265567c49ee79df","name":"C\u00f2rdoba Geneva","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cf6a4ecb9e914acddd89e4c4cbc3c6fdccfd6614c26ec3023ce0173515d50eff?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cf6a4ecb9e914acddd89e4c4cbc3c6fdccfd6614c26ec3023ce0173515d50eff?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cf6a4ecb9e914acddd89e4c4cbc3c6fdccfd6614c26ec3023ce0173515d50eff?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"C\u00f2rdoba Geneva"},"url":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/author\/corwebmaster\/"}]}},"featured_image_src":{"landsacpe":["https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/08\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg",420,300,false],"list":["https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/08\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg",420,300,false],"medium":["https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/08\/Cordoba-Update_logo-300x214.jpg",300,214,true],"full":["https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/08\/Cordoba-Update_logo.jpg",420,300,false]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/584","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=584"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/584\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3945,"href":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/584\/revisions\/3945"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/508"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=584"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=584"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=584"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}