{"id":270,"date":"2012-09-08T09:48:13","date_gmt":"2012-09-08T08:48:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/2012\/09\/08\/intervention-de-abbas-aroua\/"},"modified":"2023-04-27T16:15:49","modified_gmt":"2023-04-27T15:15:49","slug":"intervention-de-abbas-aroua","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cpi-geneva.org\/ar\/intervention-de-abbas-aroua\/","title":{"rendered":"Intervention de Abbas Aroua"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"IBH,<\/a><\/p>\n

Mesdames et Messieurs les honorables représentants des ONGs humanitaires et de bienfaisance,
Chers Amis,
Que la paix soit avec vous.<\/p>\n

Soyez les bienvenus et que votre séjour à Genève soit agréable.<\/p>\n

L’action humanitaire désintéressée est la manifestation éloquente, sur le terrain, de l’esprit de solidarité. Cette valeur universelle si fondamentale dans la vie des êtres humains. Cette valeur commune que partagent les hommes et les femmes quelles que soient leurs confession religieuse, tendance spirituelle, école philosophique, orientation idéologique ou couleur politique.<\/p>\n

Manifester l’esprit de solidarité est d’abord un devoir individuel et collectif.<\/p>\n

Il est dicté par des considérations purement éthiques, reflétant la conscience de l’être humain de la nécessité de bien traiter les autres êtres humains et de leur être utile.<\/p>\n

Il traduit un sens très pragmatique, car la solidarité constitue un garant de la survie de la famille humaine.<\/p>\n

Il répond à des injonctions éminemment religieuses, car c’est le moyen de plaire à Dieu en se mettant au service de ses créatures.<\/p>\n

Si le terme d’action humanitaire est relativement récent, personne ne conteste son soubassement religieux qui ne date pas d’hier.<\/p>\n

Aimer le prochain, aider la veuve, l’orphelin et l’étranger, secourir les victimes des catastrophes et des conflits, assister le malade et le démuni, protéger le faible, sont des commandements divins, et des qualités humaines qui découlent d’un attribut de Dieu le Miséricordieux : Rahamana en araméen – langue de Jesus que la paix soit sur lui – Ar-Rahmane en arabe.<\/p>\n

Les notions hébraïques de hesed (bienfaisance) (ihsan en arabe), zakhot (aumône obligatoire) (zakat en arabe) et tsedaqah (sadaqa en arabe) sont ancrées dans la tradition judaïque qui considère, selon Hermann Cohen, que « la co-relation entre l’homme et Dieu se constitue à travers celle qui lie l’homme à l’homme. »<\/p>\n

La tsedaqah, qui a une racine dans la langue araméenne, souvent traduite par charité, signifie justice et suggère un droit pour celui qui la reçoit. La tsedaqah est donc plus une œuvre de justice qu’un acte de générosité ; elle ôte à l’acte de bienfaisance toute connotation condescendante.<\/p>\n

Dans le christianisme, le mot charité, traduction du mot grec agapè et du latin caritas, désigne une vertu christique : l’amour spirituel et divin. En 1979, le Pape Jean-Paul II, dans sa première encyclique Redemptor hominis, rappelait qu’ « une relation vraie avec Dieu exige un engagement ferme au service du prochain ». Il est dit aussi que « la charité n’est pas seulement une vertu théologale, comme la foi et l’espérance, elle est aussi la vertu fondamentale, l’âme des autres vertus ».<\/p>\n

En Islam, le Coran, d’abord, lorsqu’il évoque des gens du Livre, confirme les qualités de cette « communauté droite qui, aux heures de la nuit, récite les versets de Dieu en se prosternant. Ils croient en Dieu et au Jour dernier, ordonnent le convenable, interdisent le blâmable et concourent aux bonnes œuvres. » (Coran, 3 :113-114)<\/p>\n

Dans la tradition islamique, al-ihsane, la bienfaisance, est une qualité des croyants décrits dans le Coran comme ceux qui : « se précipitent vers les bonnes actions et sont les premiers à les accomplir. » (Coran, 23 :61) Al-ihsane est un état placé au dessus de la soumission à Dieu (al-islam) et même au dessus de la foi (al-imane). Les termes « bienfaisance » et « bienfaisants » apparaissent plus de soixante-dix fois dans le Coran. L’Islam confirme aussi que le plus proche de Dieu est celui qui est le plus utile à ses créatures.<\/p>\n

Parmi les voix de la bienfaisance on compte notamment la zakat (aumône obligatoire) liée à la notion de tazqiah (acte de purification) et la sadaqah (aumône non obligatoire), liée à la notion de sidq : c’est-à-dire sincérité, authenticité, désintéressement.<\/p>\n

Il est d’ailleurs intéressant de noter les significations différentes des termes hébreu tsedaqah et arabe sadaqah, qui ont la même racine sémite, et de relever le lien révélé entre la notion de justice, garant de la pérennité de toute entreprise humaine, et celle de sincérité, condition de succès de toute œuvre humaine.<\/p>\n

Mais si manifester l’esprit de solidarité est un devoir, il est aussi un droit pour tous.<\/p>\n

Nul n’a le monopole, ni la capacité, d’assumer seul d’action humanitaire et de bienfaisance. Ni Etat ni agence intergouvernementale, ni organisation non gouvernementale.<\/p>\n

C’est le champ de compétition et de la complémentarité par excellence.<\/p>\n

Et, pour reprendre les termes de l’auteur britannique George Orwell, de même que l’information ne peut être gérée par un ministère de la Vérité mais par des médias libres, et que les sentiments humains ne peuvent être décrétés par un ministère de l’Amour, mais sont le fruit de liens libres entre eux, il serait absurde de croire que l’action humanitaire peut être gérée par un ministère de la Bienfaisance.<\/p>\n

Par ailleurs, nul n’a le droit de détourner le sens de l’action humanitaire, pour des besoins lucratifs ou politiques.<\/p>\n

Or, que constatons-nous aujourd’hui à travers le monde ?<\/p>\n

La combinaison du militaire et de l’alibi humanitaire, l’instrumentalisation politicienne de l’humanitaire, et le déni du droit à l’action humanitaire à des individus et des organisations de bienfaisance.<\/p>\n

Dans tel pays on interdit l’action humanitaire à toute institution non agréée par le pouvoir de peur que cela contribue à promouvoir l’image de l’opposition. Dans tel autre pays on le fait sous des pressions extérieures prétextant de l’impératif très à la mode de « lutte anti-terroriste ». Et on préfère souvent laisser les victimes des guerres, et les sinistrés des tremblements de terre et d’inondations à leur triste sort. L’Etat, souvent au fonctionnement médiocre, est incapable de se substituer à l’action humanitaire de la société civile.<\/p>\n

Mais il y a plus grave encore. Les activistes dans le domaine de l’humanitaire qui ne se plient pas à la volonté des régimes s’exposent à tous les dangers. Ils sont persécutés, arrêtés, détenus et menacés des pires exactions.<\/p>\n

Ceci est inacceptable. La communauté humaine tout entière doit réagir à cette abomination. Et une solidarité entre les individus et les ONG humanitaires doit vite se mettre en place, notamment entre celles du Nord et celles du Sud, celles de l’Orient et celles de l’Occident, pour faire face à cette situation critique.<\/p>\n

Mesdames et Messieurs,<\/p>\n

Vous ne trouverez pas meilleur endroit pour lancer et promouvoir ce réseau de solidarité entre ONG humanitaires et de bienfaisance que Genève.<\/p>\n

Genève est la cité de la Paix et des droits de l’homme comme en témoignent la présence sur son sol des nombreuses organisations internationales et non gouvernementales oeuvrant pour la protection de la dignité et des droits de la personne humaine et la promotion de la paix.<\/p>\n

Genève est aussi, et surtout, la capitale de l’humanitaire, et ce depuis l’œuvre d’Henry Dunant qui a, durant la deuxième moitié du XIXème siècle, jeté les bases de l’action humanitaire moderne.<\/p>\n

Le Comité international de la Croix-Rouge, la Fédération internationale de la Croix-Rouge et du Croissant-Rouge, le Haut Commissariat de l’ONU pour les Réfugiés, les Conventions de Genève et leurs protocoles additionnels, ainsi que l’ensemble des dispositions du droit international humanitaire, sont des symboles d’espérance pour les femmes et les hommes en détresse.<\/p>\n

Nous souhaitons donc plein succès à cette conférence qui sera certainement le lieu de débats enrichissants et débouchera sur des résolutions utiles pour établir des moyens et des mécanismes efficaces pour la protection de toutes celles et de tous ceux qui ont dédié leur vie à la noble action humanitaire.<\/p>\n

Pour terminer, permettez-moi de saisir cette occasion pour proposer à votre honorable audience d’avoir en mémoire, tout au long de cette conférence, tous les persécutés du monde, notamment ceux qui oeuvrent dans l’humanitaire et qui sont détenus dans les geôles de l’injustice dans les pays de non droit, et d’avoir une pensée toute particulière à nos sœurs italiennes, Simona Toretta et Simona Pari, enlevées en Irak.<\/p>\n

Merci de votre attention.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

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\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0650\u0631\u0651\u060c “\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a” (\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 “\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a” \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0629 “\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0633”) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1979 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 “Redemptor hominis” \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628\u0649”. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 “\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0650\u0631\u0651 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649”.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 “\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0648\u0646” (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c 61) \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 70 \u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062e\u064e\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064e\u064a\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u062a\u064a “\u062a\u0633\u062f\u0642\u0629” \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648”\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0629” \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0622\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u064e\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 “\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629” \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 “\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0629” \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 “\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646”.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0643\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u061f<\/p>\n

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\u0634\u0643\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0626\u0643\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mesdames et Messieurs les honorables représentants des ONGs humanitaires et de bienfaisance,Chers Amis,Que la paix soit avec vous. Soyez les bienvenus et que votre séjour à Genève soit agréable. L’action humanitaire désintéressée est la manifestation éloquente, sur le terrain, de l’esprit de solidarité. Cette valeur universelle si fondamentale dans la vie des êtres humains. 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